八年级下知识点.docx

八年级下知识点.docx

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八年级下知识点

Unit1

1.healthproblemsandaccidents:

haveastomachache,haveafever,haveaheadache,haveatoothache,haveasoreback,have/catchacold,havetheflu,haveaheartproblem,

hurt/cutoneself,haveanosebleed,gethitonthehead（withabasketball）,

hurt/cutone’sknee,getsunburnedbadly,gethitbyaball,falldown

2.WhatshouldIdo?

Youshould…

liedownandrest,drinksomehotteawithhoney,takeone’stemperature,seeadentist,getanX-ray,takesomemedicine,havearest,takeabreak,gotoadoctor,takebreaks,getlotsofsleep

3.What’sthematterwithyou?

What’swrongwithyou?

4.Youdon’tlookwell（adj.健康的，良好的）.

Youlookreallytired.Youlookterrible.Youlookserious.

5.现在进行时:

Iamplayingwithmyfriendsnow.

过去进行时:

Iwasplayingwithmyfriendsyesterday.

6.wear强调穿着的状态

Hewearsacoat.他穿着一件大衣。

puton强调穿的动作

Heputsonacoat.他穿上了一件大衣。

dresssb./oneself.给人穿衣服

Mrs.Greendressesherson.Heistooyoungtodresshimself.

格林夫人给他的儿子穿上了衣服。

他太小了，不能自己不能穿衣服。

7.Ialmostcouldn’tgetmyselfoutofbedthismorning.

8.IwasplayingsoccertheotherdayandIhurtmyleg.

IwasmakingdinnerjustnowandIcutmyselfbyaccident.

Hewasrunningunderthehotsun（在烈日下）andthenhefeltsickandfelldown.

9.Hedidn’ttakegoodcareofhimself（lookafterhimselfwell）.Hetalkedtoomuchyesterdayanddidn’tdrinkenoughwater.It’sverydifficultforhimtotalk.Sohehasaverysorethroatnow.Hisfacelooksabitred.Hisheadfeelsveryhot.Hecan’treallyeatanythingeither.Ithinkheshoulddrinksomehotteawithhoney,liedownandrest,takehistemperature,orseeadoctor.

10.Ifyoudon’tgotothedentist（从现）,it’llhurtevenmorelater（主将）!

11.Youcan’tmoveyouneck.Itdoesn’tsoundlikeyouhaveafever.

12.That’sprobablywhy.Youneedtotakebreaksawayfromthecomputer.

13.IthinkIsatinthesamewayfortoolongwithoutmoving.

14.BusNo.26wasgoingalongZhonghuaRoadwhenthedriversawanoldmanlying（lie-lay-lain）onthesideoftheroad.

15.Awomannexttothemanwasshoutingforhelp.

16.Hestoppedthebuswithoutthinkingtwice.（不假思索，毫不犹豫）

17.Mr.Wangknewhehadtoactquickly.（迅速行动）thinktwice三思

18.Heexpectedmostorallofthepassengerstogetoffandwaitforthenextbus.

19.Buttohissurprise,theyallagreedtogowithhim.

20.Somepassengershelpedhimtomovethemanontothebus.

21.Thanksto（多亏，幸亏，由于）Mr.Wang,thedoctorssavedthemanintime.（及时）ontime准时

22.Heonlythoughtaboutsavingalife.

23.Thebushit（hit-hit-hit）anoldmanonZhonghuaRoad.

24.Sheneededtogotothehospitalrightaway.立刻，马上=atonce

25.It’ssadthatmanypeopledon’twanttohelpothersbecausetheydon’twanttogetintotrouble.（陷入麻烦，惹麻烦）

26.MysisterandIhavesorethroats.Mycousinshavebadcolds.

27.Didyouhurtyourselfplayingsoccer?

=Didyouhurtyourselfwhenyouplayedsoccer?

28.Hecuthimself.First,heshouldrun（冲洗）thecut（n.伤口）underwater.Next,heshouldputsomemedicine（不可数）onit.Then,heshouldputabandageonit.

29.Ifyouhaveanosebleed,youshouldputyourheadback.（把你的头向后仰）Then,cleanyourfaceandputonacleanT-shirt.

30.Onegirlhadanosebleed.Itoldhertoputherheadbacktostoptheblood.Anotherboygothitonthehead（击中头部）withabaseballbat.

31.被动语态的句子结构:

be+及物动词的过去分词

Hewastaken（被动语态）tothehospitaltogetanX-ray.

32.havetrouble/difficulty/problems（in）doingsth.

做某事有麻烦/困难/问题havefun（in）doing

haveagoodtime（in）doing

Wehadnotrouble（in）findingherhome.

Wehavemuchdifficulty（in）understandingwhathesays/said.

Afterstrenuousexercise（剧烈运动）,Ihaveproblems（in）breathing.

33.

HeLostHisArmButIsStillClimbing

AronRalstonisanAmericanmanwhoisinterestedinmountainclimbing.Asamountainclimber,Aronisusedto（介）takingrisks.Thisisoneoftheexcitingthingsaboutdoingdangeroussports.ThereweremanytimeswhenAronalmostlosthislifebecauseofaccidents.OnApril26,2003,hefoundhimselfinaverydangeroussituationwhenclimbinginUtah.

Onthatday,Aron’sarmwascaught（被压住）undera2,000-kilorockthatfellon（落到，袭击）himwhenhewasclimbingbyhimselfinthemountains.Becausehecouldnotfreehisarm,hestayedthereforfivedaysandhopedthatsomeonewouldfindhim.Butwhenhiswaterranout,heknewthathewouldhavetodosomethingtosavehisownlife.Hewasnotreadytodiethatday.Soheusedhisknifetocutoffhalfhisrightarm.Then,withhisleftarm,hebandaged（v.包扎）himselfsothathewouldnotlosetoomuchblood.Afterthat,heclimbeddownthemountaintofindhelp.

Afterlosinghisarm,hewroteabookcalledBetweenaRockandaHardPlace.Thismeans（v.意思是）beinginadifficultsituationthatyoucannotseemtogetoutof.Inthisbook,Arontellsof（讲述）theimportanceofmakinggooddecisions,andofbeingincontrolof（掌管，管理）one’slife.Hisloveformountainclimbingissogreatthathekepton（keepon=continue=goon）climbingmountainsevenafterthisexperience.

DowehavethesamespiritasAron?

Let’sthinkaboutitbeforewefindourselves“betweenarockandahardplace”,andbeforewehavetomakeadecisionthatcouldmeanlifeordeath.

34.sth.runout用完了，主语通常是物sb.runoutofsth.某人用光了某物，主语通常是人例：

Mymoneyranout.=Iranoutofmymoney.

35.diev.（动词）:

死，去世，为短暂性动词，不能与延续性时间连用，表延续性用bedead，例如：

Shehasbeendeadfor3years.她去世三年了。

例如：

Shediedthreeyearsago.她三年前去世。

deadadj.（形容词）:

例如：

Thepoormanisdead.这个可怜的人死了。

deathn.（名词）:

死（亡），例如：

Herdeathisrememberedbyusforever.他的过世永远铭刻在我们的心中。

dying为die的现在分词，也可作形容词，表“垂死的，濒于死亡边缘的，枯萎的”之意，例如：

Sheisdying.她快要死了。

It’sadyingbird.一只快要死去的小鸟。

36.Thecowhas4stomachs.牛有4个胃。

Unit2

本单元语法重点：

动词不定式---“to+动词原形”，有时可以不带to。

1.Ihopetoworkoutside.Ihopetohelphomelesspeople.

2.Youcouldhelptocleanupthecityparks.

3.Youcouldgiveoutfoodatthefoodbanktohelpfeedthem.

4.Iwanttocheerupsickchildren.

5.Youcouldaskhospitalstoletyouvisitthekids.

6.I’dliketohelpkidswiththeirhomework.

7.Youcouldvolunteerinanafter-schoolstudyprogramtoteachkids.

8.Weneedtocomeupwithaplantotellpeopleaboutthecitypark.

9.Clean-upDayisonlytwoweeksfromnow.

10.Wecan’tputoffmakingaplan.

11.Aswetalk,I’llwritedownallourideas.

12.Wecouldputupsigns.

13.Let’smakesomenotices.Then,I’llhandthemoutafterschool.

14.Wecouldeachcallup10studentsandaskthemtocome.

15.Wearecomingupwithalotofgoodideas,aren’twe?

16.Ifindorbuyoldbikesthatnobodywants.

17.Ifixup（repair）thebikesandgivethemawaytokidswhodon’thaveenoughmoneytobuytheirownbikes.

18.Jimmyfixesupbrokenbicycleparts,likewheels.

19.Whatgaveyoutheidea?

20.IguessItakeafter（amsimilarto）myfather.

21.Healwaysvolunteerstohelppeopleinneed（在困难中，在危急中，需要帮助的）.Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.患难见真情。

22.Yourparentsmustbeproudof（因…感到自豪）you.

23.Ineedtocomeupwithsome（某一…）wayofgettingmoneyorI’llhavetostop.Ican’tbuyanymoreoldbikes.（not…anymore）

24.Igaveitaway.Idonothaveanymoreofit.（再也不，不再…）

25.I’ve（=Ihave）run（run-ran-run）outofit.Ididn’tkeepit.

Hehasrunoutofit.（现在完成时的句子结构have/has+过去分词）

26.Whatdidtheyaskyoutohelpoutwith（帮忙，帮助）?

Thenonedaylastyear,afriendofminehelpedmeout.（帮助…摆脱困境）

27.Theytoldmestoriesaboutthepastandhowthingsusedtobe.

Sheusedtoplayping-pong,butnowsheplaysvolleyball.

28.Weshouldlistentothemandcareforthem.

29.Helivesalone,buthedoesn’tfeellonely.

30.Imean,we’regoingtobeoldoneday,too.

31.Igiveupseveralhourseachweektohelpothers.

32.Mariobelievesitcanhelphimtogethisfuturedreamjob.

33.Iwanttolearnmoreabouthowtocareforanimals.

34.IgetsuchastrongfeelingofsatisfactionwhenIseetheanimalsgetbetterandthelookofjoyontheirowners’faces.”

35.Shecouldreadbyherselfattheageoffour（=whenshewasfouryearsold）.

36.Shedecidedtotryoutforavolunteerafter-schoolreadingprogram.

37.They’regoingonadifferentjourneywitheachnewbook.

38.IcandowhatIlovetodoandhelpothersatthesametime.

39.I’mtoobusywithmystudiesthisyear.

40.Therearemanypeoplewhoarelessluckythanus.

41.Wecanraisemoneyforhomelesspeople.

42.Somepeoplestopdoingtheirjobsforafewmonthstoayeartomovetoanotherplace,likeoneofthecountriesinAfrica,andhelppeoplethere.

43.I’msureyouknowthatthisgroupwassetup（被动语态）tohelpdisabledpeoplelikeme.

44.YouhelpedtomakeitpossibleformetohaveLucky.

45.Luckymakesabigdifference（影响，有作用）tomylife.

46.Whatwoulditbeliketobeblindordeaf?

47.Orimagineyoucan’twalkoruseyourhandseasily.

48.Manypeoplehavethesedifficulties.

49.Ican’tusemyarmsorlegswell,sonormalthingslike（像，例如）answeringthetelephone,openingandclosingdoors,orcarryingthingsaredifficultforme.

50.ShetalkedtoAnimalHelpersaboutgettingmeaspecialtraineddog.

51.IloveanimalsandIwasexcitedabouttheideaofhavingadog.

52.Aftersixmonthsoftrainingwithadog（与狗一起6个月的训练）at“AnimalHelpers”,Iwasabletobringhimhome.unable

53.Iamonlyabletohavea“dog-helper”becauseofyourkindness!

54.LuckyisverycleverandunderstandsmanyEnglishwords.HecanunderstandmewhenIgivehimorders（命令，指令）.

55.Forexample,Isay,“Lucky!

Getmybook,”andhedoesitatonce.

56.Luckyisafantasticdog.I'llsendyouaphotoofhimifyoulike,andIcouldshowyouhowhehelpsme.

57.Thankyouagainforchangingmylife.

58.Whatareyourinterestsandhobbies?