文献翻译高速线材轧机轧辊的锥轴与锥套的检测.docx

文献翻译高速线材轧机轧辊的锥轴与锥套的检测.docx

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文献翻译高速线材轧机轧辊的锥轴与锥套的检测

MeasurementofConeShaftandConeSleeveofHigh-speedWireRollingMill’sRoller

FANYu-ming,ZHAOShu-zhong,QIUZu-rong,ZHAOJin-yun,

CHENXiStateKeyLaboratoryofPrecisionMeasurementTechnology

andInstruments,TianjinUniversity,Tianjin,300072,China

ABSTRACT

Toobtaingoodassemblyperformancewhentransferringrollmoment,aconefitisadoptedbetweenconeshaftandconesleeveofrollerofhigh-speedwirerollingmill.Thispaperintroducesanautomaticconemeasuringmethod,dissertatestheprincipleoftakingreferencecylindricalsurfaceoftherollerasmeasuringreferencetomeasurecones,andthemaincharacteristicsoftheassociatedhorizontalautomaticconemeasuringinstrument.Measuringerroroftheinstrumentisalsoanalyzed.Theinstrumentusesgratingtransducersforconediametermeasurementsandforaxialpositioningoftransducer.Themeasuringerrorfordiametermeasurementis1.4m,theaxialpositioningerrorislessthan0.01mm,andtherelativeerrorfortapermeasurementislessthan2×10-3.Sincetheinstrumentisequippedwithdataacquisitionsystem,manyparametersandactualprofileofthemeasuredconecanbeobtainedaccordingtothecollectedmeasuringdata.Furthermore,virtualassemblyofcornshaftwithconesleevecanbecarriedoutonthecomputer,andtheactualassemblyeffectofconeshaftwithconesleevecanbeobservedsothatselectiveassemblywithhigheraccuracycanberealizedtothefullestextent.

Keywords:

rollingmill,roller,gratingtransducer,steppingmotor,virtualassembly

1.INTRODUCTION

Comparedwithsmoothcylindricalfit,conefithasadvantagesofautomaticalignment,highercoaxiality,easytoadjustthedegreeoftightness,closerfit,easytodisassemble,etc.Therefore,itiswidelyusedinmechanicalfacilities.Now,therollingspeedofhigh-speedwirerollinghasexceeded100m/s.Toadapttothisspeed,conefitwithgoodperformancemustbeadoptedbetweenconeshaftandconesleeveofhigh-speedwirerollingmill’srollerotherwisetherollerofthemillwillhavesomerun-outsothattherollingspeedandrollingbenefitcan’tbeensured.

Theinspectionoftheconehastwomethods:

compositeinspectionandmonomialinspection.Conegaugesareusedforcompositeinspectionwhilegoniometers,indexes,sinebars,angularblocksareusedinmonomialinspectionformeasuringparametersofconetolerance[2].Thispaperintroducesanautomaticconemeasuringmethod,togetherwithanassociatedhorizontalautomaticconemeasuringinstrument.Theinstrumentmeasuresconeshaftandconesleeveundertheconditionthattakingreferencecylindricalsurfaceoftherollerasmeasuringreference.Parametersoftherollerare:

themaximumdiameterofmeasuredconeshaftis241mm,thelengthrangeofmeasuredconeshaftis647mm~985mm,themaximumdiameterofmeasuredconesleeveis192mm,thelengthrangeofmeasuredconesleeveis647mm~985mmandthenormaltaperofmeasuredconeis1:

12.Thetolerancerequirementoftheconeisthattheallowablevariationindiametershouldbewithin1±0.003mmwhenaxialdisplacementis12mm[1].

2.PRINCIPLEOFMEASUREMENT

Twogratingtransducersarelocatedatbothsideofthecone,theyareparallelandatrightanglewiththeaxisofthecone.Themeasurementbeginsatthebiggerendofmeasuredconetoensurethemeasuringaccuracy.Thesizeofthediametermeasuredequalstothesumofthetwotransducerreadings.Onemeasurementisdoneforevery0.9ºrotationofthecone,i.e.400measurementsaredoneforafullcircumference.Onecircumferencemeasurementsaredoneforevery1mmaxialinterval.Themeasuringprocedureendswhenmeasurementsforthecircumferenceatthesmallerendoftheconehavecompleted.AtthesectionwhichisLapartfrombiggerend（thediameterisD）ofthecone,Assumethatthetheoreticaldiameterofthesectionisd,measureddiameteris

C=（D−d）/L

（1）

d=D−C-L

（2）

D=d−d=d−（D−-L）=d+L−D（3）

WhereCisthenormaltaperofthecone,

disthemeasuringerrorofdiameter

sleeveoftheroller,theallowablevariationindiametershouldbewithin1

0.003mmwhenaxialdisplacementis12mm.Therefore,themeasuringerroroftheinstrumentformeasuringdiametershouldnotexceed3m.

3.COMPOSITIONOFTHEINSTRUMENT

Fig.1automaticconemeasuringinstrument

Theinstrumentconsistsoffourparts:

mechanicalsystem,measuringsystem,dadaacquisitionsystemanddataprocessingsystem,controlsystemforaxialmovementandradialrotation.

（1）Mechanicalsystem

Mechanicalsystemoftheinstrumentincludesbedplate,leftandrightsupportsforsupportingroller,andworkbenchofmeasurement.Mechanicalsystemhastwofunctions.Thefirstistosupportmeasuredconetorotate,andthesecondistosupportgratingtransducertodorectilinearmovementalongtheconeaxis.Wheninmeasuringoperation,supporttheconeontwosupportswithtwocentersatthebeginning,thenstartthemotorstolocatetransducerinitsaxialplacewithhorizontalgrating,andalternatively,tolocatetransducerinitsradialplacebydrivingtheconetorotatewithadeflectablerod.

（2）Measuringsystem

Measuringsystemismainlymadeupofgratingtransducersandmeasuringcircuit.Itisusedforaxiallocatinganddiametermeasurements.Gratingtransducerhascharacteristicssuchashighaccuracy,fineresolution,broadmeasuringrange,strongabilitytoresistdisturbance,etc.Theaccuracyofordinarygratingtransducercanreachto0.5m/300mm;theresolutioncanreachto0.05m.Themeasuringcircuitsforgratingtransducerincludesubdivisioncircuit,directionidentificationcircuit,countingcircuit,anddisplaycircuit.Inourdesign,theresolutionandmeasuringaccuracyofthegratingtransducerfordiametermeasurementsare0.5mand1m/20mm;theresolutionandmeasuringaccuracyofthegratingtransducerforaxiallocatingare0.5mand1m/20mm,respectively.

（3）Dadaacquisitionsystemanddataprocessingsystem

Thefunctionofdadaacquisitionsystemanddataprocessingsystemistocollectmeasureddatasuchasdiameters，angles,axialpositions,andtheninputthesedatatothecomputerthroughstandardRS-232Cseriainterfacefordataprocessing,sothatmeasuringresultsandactualconeprofileofthemeasuredconecanbeobtained.SincetheBaudrateofserialcommunicationissetto9600bps,thesystemcantransmit1200bytesinasecond.Thetotalnumberofmeasureddataisabout400×100=40000while9bytesareneededtostoreonemeasuredata..Sothetimerequiredtodowholemeasurementisapproximate40000×9/1200=300s,orabout5minutes.

（4）Controlsystemforaxialmovementandradialrotation

Fig.2theinterfaceofcontroloperation

Thefunctionofcontrolsystemistocontrolsteppingmotorsbywhichtherotationandaxialrectilinearmovementcanbeimplemented.Thecoreofcontrolsystemisaparallelinterfaceboard.Figure2showstheinterfaceofcontroloperation.Byoperationswithinthisinterface,startingandstoppingofmotors,controlofrotatingdirectionandspeedandlocatingofthetransduceralongconeaxis,canberealized.Thesteppingangleofsteppingmotoris0.045º;Accuracyof0.01mmcanbeobtainedforrectilinearmovementcontrolbymeansofdrivingmechanismssuchasgears,ballscrews,etc.

4.EVALUATIONOFTHEMEASUREDCONE

Oncethemeasurementisfinished,evaluationofthemeasuredconecanbemadefrom400×100measureddata.Accordingtothedefinitionoftaper,therearetwomethodswhichcanbeusedtogettheactualtaperofthemeasuredcone.

（1）Both400measureddatameasuredonsectionsofbiggerendandsmallerendoftheconeareprocessedseparatelywithleastsquaremethod.

D'andd',thediametersoftwocirclesdeterminedbyleastsquaremethod,canbefoundout.Then,wecanfindoutL,theaxialdistancebetweenthesetwosections,fromlocatingdimensions.AccordingtoequationCa=（D'−d'）/L',theactualtaperofmeasuredconecanbecalculated.

（2）Total400×100dataareprocessedwithleastsquaremethodandtheequationofthetaperedfacedeterminedbyleastsquaremethodcanbecalculated.Aftertwoappropriatesectionsarechosen,wecancalculateandd”,thediametersoftwosectionsandL",thedistancebetweentwosections,andthen,theactualtaperofmeasuredconecanbecalculatedaccordingtoequationCa=（D"−d"）/L".

Thisinstrumentadoptsthesecondevaluationmethod.Otherparameterssuchasstandarddeviationoftaper,maximumdeviationoftaperandminimumdeviationoftapercanalsobecalculatedwhilefurtherdataprocessingworkisdone.Toenhancethevisualizabilityofmeasuringresults,processingofvisualizationhasbeenadopted.Theactualprofileoftaperedfacecanbedisplayedonthescreenofcomputerintheformofgridaccordingtomeasureddata.Figure3istheactualprofileofataperedface.Ifyouclickanypointontheprofile,theaxialpositionandthediameterofthesectionatwhichthepointislocating,anddeviations,canbeprinted，onthescreenimmediately.Besides,youcandragtheactualprofilewithmousesothatyoucanobservetheconditionofanarbitrarypositionontheprofile.

Thisinstrumentcanmakevirtualassemblyofconeshaftandconesleevebycomputer.Numberingforconeshaftsandconesleevesandthensavetheirmeasuringresults.Whentheyaretobeused,virtualassemblycanbemadebycomputerbymakinguseofsavedresult.Takingnoticeoftheactualassemblyeffectofconeshaftandconesleeve,selectiveassemblyofconeswithhighaccuracycanberealizedtoagreatextent