山西省平遥中学学年高二英语上学期期中试题.docx

山西省平遥中学学年高二英语上学期期中试题.docx

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山西省平遥中学学年高二英语上学期期中试题

2017-2018学年度第一学期高二期中考试

英语试题（文理科）

本试卷满分150分考试时间100分钟

第一部分：

阅读理解（共两节，满分60分）

第一节:

（共15小题；每小题3分，满分45分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

LiquidPaper（修正液）wasinventedbyBetteNesmithGraham.Shewas17whenshegotajobataTexasbankasasecretary,eventhoughshedidn’tknowhowtotype.Thecompanysheworkedforsenthertoasecretaryschool,andshewastypinginnotimeat all.

The1950shadseenthewidespreaduseoftheelectrictypewriter,whichtypedfasterbutalsomeantmoremistakes.Also,mistakesmadebyearlyelectrictypewriterswereveryhardtoerase,whichcausedproblemsforBette.

Inordertomakeextramoneysheusedhertalenttopaintholidaywindowsatthebank. Thenoneday,itsuddenlyoccurredtoherthatshecouldcreateapainttocoveruptype-writingmistakes.

Itworked!

In1956,Bettesoldherfirstbottlesofthenewproduct,whichshecalled“MistakeOut”.Shemadeitinherkitchen,andhersonMichaelandhisfriendsbottleditinthefamilygarage.

By1957,shewasselling100bottlesamonthandhadgottenapatent（专利）forherproduct,whichshenowcalled“LiquidPaper.”Salescontinuedto grow,asmoreandmorepeopleheardaboutLiquidPaper,throughword-of-mouthandbyreadingaboutitinmagazines.

Inthe1960s,BetteboughtamachinetohelpherproduceLiquidPaperinlargequantities.In1971,shesold2millionbottles.In1979,shesoldthecompanyfor47.5milliondollars.Shedidn’tlivetoseetheendofthecontract（合同）,dyingin1980,attheageof56,inTexas.

Bette’sinventioncontinuestobeusedeverydaybysecretariesandotherpeopleintheofficeandwherevertypewritersareused.

1.WhenBettebegantoworkinabank,she______.

A.wastooyoungtotype          B.hadgraduatedfromsecretaryschool

C.hadnoexperienceintyping      D.taughtherselfabouttyping

2.ItcanbeinferredthatthefirstLiquidPaper______.

A.wasproducedbyhand         B.wasmadebymachine

C.wasbottledinthekitchen      D.wastestedinthefactory

3.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Arockgroup.   B.Asecretary.   C.LiquidPaper.   D.MistakeOut.

4.Thepassageisorganizedmainlyinorderof______.

A.importance    B.time       C.space    D.popularity

B

Happybirthday!

Dobirthdayreallymakepeoplehappy?

Ofcoursetheydo.Birthdayscelebratethedaywhenwewereborn.Besides,thatextracandleonthecakesuggestsanotheryearofgrowthandmaturity（成熟）—orsowehope．Weallliketoimaginethatwearegettingwiserandnotjustolder．Mostofusenjoyseeingthewonderofgrowthinothers,aswell．Forinstance,seeingourchildrendevelopandlearnnewthingsmakesusfeelproud．ForAmericans,likepeopleinmostcultures,growingupisawonderfulprocess．Butgrowingold?

Thatisadifferentstory.

Growingoldisnotexactlyforpeopleinyouth-oriented（以年轻人为中心）Americanculture．MostAmericansliketolookyoung,actyoungandfeelyoung.Astheoldsayinggoes,“You’reyoungasyoufeel．”Olderpeoplejokeabouthowmanyyearsyoungtheyare,ratherthanhowmanyyearsold．Peopleinsomecountriesvaluetheagedasasourceofexperienceandwisdom．ButAmericansseemtofavorthosewhoareyoung,oratleast“youngatheart”．

ManyolderAmericansfindthe“goldenyears”tobeanythingbutgolden．Economically,“seniorcitizens”oftentryjusttogetby．Retirementattheageof65bringsasharpdecreaseinpersonalincome．Socialsecuritybenefitsusuallycannotmakeupthedifference．Olderpeoplemaysufferfrompoornutrition（营养）,medicalcare,andhousing.Someevenhavetheexperienceofagediscrimination（歧视）.Americansociologist（社会学家）PatMooreoncedresseduplikeanolderpersonandwanderedcitystreets．Shewasoftentreatedrudely--evencheatedandrobbed．However,dressedasayoungperson,shereceivedmuchmorerespect．

Unfortunately,theelderlypopulationinAmericaisincreasingfast．Why?

Peoplearelivinglonger．Fewerbabiesarebeingborn．Andmiddle-aged“babyboomers”（婴儿潮）arerapidlyenteringthegroupoftheelderly．Americamaysoonbeaplacewherewrinkles（皱纹）are“in”．Marketingexpertsarealreadynoticingthisgrowinggroupofconsumers．

5.Growingupisawonderfulthingbecause________.

A.peoplecancelebratetheirbirthdays.

B.peoplecanbecomemoreandmatureandwiser.

C.peoplecanreceivemanypresents.

D.peoplewillfeelyoungeratheart.

6.Wecaninferfromthesecondparagraphthat_________.

A.youngpeoplelackexperienceandwisdom.

B.Americanolderpeopleoftenjokeabouttheiroldage.

C.Americancultureisveryyoung.

D.differentcountrieshavedifferentopinionsontheoldage.

7.Theunderlinedsentence（inParagraph3）means“_________.”

A.thegoldenyearscanmaketheoldearnlotsofmoneyandreceivegoodmedicalcare

B.theoldpeoplein America areprobablyleadingahardlifewithoutgoodnutrition,medicalcareorhousing.

C.theoldin America havetoretireattheageof65.

D.Americansocialsecuritybenefitsarenotgood.

8.Fromthelastparagraphweknowthattheunderlinedword“in”canbereplacedby_______.

A.serious   B.bad    C.disappearingslowly     D.growingfast

C

Thehumanbrainremembersnegativeexperiencesmoreeasilythanpositiveones.Ourbrainshavedevelopedinthiswaybecausethreats,likedangerousanimals,haveamoreimmediateeffectonpeople’ssurvivalcomparedtopositivethingslikefoodorshelter.Asaresult,youclearlyknowwhatmakesyouunhappy,butdoyouknowwhatmakesyouhappy?

Researchsuggeststhatourlevelofhappinessispartlyshapedbythechoiceswemake.Ifyou’vebeenchasingwealth,fame,powerandsomematerialthings,youmaybelookingforhappinessinthewrongplaces.Psychologistssuggestthatthefollowinghabitscanmakepeoplehappier.

Peoplewhoowncloserelationshipstendtobehappierthanthosewhodonot.Thenumberofourfriendsisnotimportant.Whatmattersisthequalityofourrelationships.Relationshipsthatbringhappinessusuallyconsistofthesharingoffeelings,acceptance,mutual（双方的）respectandtrust.

Peoplewhoexerciseregularlycanimproveboththeirphysicalandmentalwell-being.Someresearchhasshownthatexercisecanbeaseffectiveassomemedicineintreatingdepression.

Ifwearesointerestedinanactivity,wemaylosetrackoftime,andwecanbeinastateofflow.Theactivitycouldbeplayingthepiano,surfingtheInternetorplayingagame…Peoplewhoexperienceflowintheirworkorlifetendtobehappier.

Peoplearemorelikelytobehappyiftheyknowwhattheirstrengthsareandcanusethemregularly.Peopleareespeciallyhappywhentheycansetgoalsandusetheirstrengthstoachievethem.

People,whothinkpositivelybybeinggrateful,mindfulandoptimistic,aremorelikelytobehappy.Beinggratefulmeansbeingthankful.Beingmindfulmeansconsidering,focusingon,andenjoyingtheexperiencesofthepresentmoment.Beingoptimisticmeansbeinghopefulaboutthefuture.

9.Humanbrainsremembernegativethingsmoreeasilybecausenegativethings_______.

A.tendtoaffecthumansurvivalimmediately

B.areeasytoremember

C.aremuchmoreimportantthanotherthings

D.canmakepeoplelivemuchhappier

10.Accordingtothispassage,peoplemayfindhappinessin________.

A.beingfamousB.chasingpower

C.settinglifegoalsD.earningmoney

11.Inthelastparagraph,theauthortriestotellusto_________.

A.thinkmoreaboutourfutureB.bepositiveinourlifeandwork

C.focusoneverythinginourlifeD.onlyenjoythepresentmoment

12.Whatdoesthepassagemainlywanttotellus?

A.Whypeoplerememberpositivethingseasily.

B.Whypeopleremembernegativethingseasily.

C.Whatmakespeoplehappy.

D.Whatmakespeoplesad.

D

Emailhasbroughttheartofletterwritingbacktolife,butsomeexpertsthinktheresultingspreadofbadEnglishdoesmoreharmthangood.

Emailisaformofcommunicationthatischanging,fortheworse,thewaywewriteanduselanguage,saysomecommunicationresearchers.Itisalsochangingthewaywecommunicateandbuildrelationship.Theseareafewoftherecentlyrecognizedfeaturesofemail,sayexperts,whichshouldcauseindividualsandorganizationstorethinkthewaytheyuseemail.

“Emailhasincreasedthespreadofcarelesswritinghabits,”saysNaomiBaron,aprofessoroflinguisticsatanAmericanuniversity.Shesaysthepoorspelling,grammar,punctuationandsentencestructureofemailsreflectagrowingunconcernaboutthewaywewrite.

Baronarguesthatweshouldn’tforgiveandforgetthepoorwritingoftenshowninemail.“Themoreweuseemailanditstastelesswriting,themoreitbecomesthenormalwayofwriting,”theprofessorsays.

Otherssaythatdespiteitspoorwriting,emailhasfinishedwhatseveralgenerationsofEnglishteacherscouldn’t:

ithasmadewritingfashionableagain.

“Emailisacriticalnewcommunicationtechnology.”saysIanLancashire,aprofessorofEnglishatTorontoUniversity.“Itfillsthegapbetweenspokenlanguageandtheformalmethodsofwritingthatexistedbeforeemail.Itisthepurestformofwrittenspeech.”

Lancashiresaysemailhasthemysteriousabilitytogetpeoplewhoareusuallyscaredbywritingtogettheirthoughtsflowingeasilyontoablankscreen.Hesaysthisisbecauseofemail’sclosesimilaritytospeech.“It’slikeacircleoffourorfivepeoplearoundacampfire,”hesays.

Still,heacceptsthatthisnew-foundfreedomtoexpressthemselvesoftengetspeopleintotrouble.Emailssentinadayalmostexceed（超过）thenumberoflettersmailedinayear.Butmorepeoplearerecognizingthecontentofatypicalemailmessageisnotoftenexact.

13.FromwhatBaronsaysinthethirdparagraphwecanseethat