版高三英语一轮复习 第1部分 基础知识解读 阅读限时练2 Unit 6 DesignA必修2.docx

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版高三英语一轮复习第1部分基础知识解读阅读限时练2Unit6DesignA必修2

Unit6　Design（A）

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

（2017·湖南十三校第一次联考）Withfastfoodandconvenienceatourfingertipsoneverycornerandateveryturn,itisbecomingincreasinglyhardtostayinshape.Stayinghealthyhasbeenmoreandmoredifficultformanyofthecommonpeople.Toopposethiswewouldliketoarmyouwithfourwaysofstayinghealthyandfeelinggreat.

Youreallyarewhatyoueat.

It'strue,andthere'snowayaroundit.Youcan'tbesittingtherestaringatthatplateoffriedchicken,hopingthatyouwillfeelamazedlaterintheday.Wehavetobeinrealityaboutwhatweeat.Ifweareputtingdeadandfriedfoodinourbellies,whatisgoingtocomeoutisexhaustedenergyandillness.

Enjoythesun.

Enjoythesunshine,orthewindorcoldforthatmatter.Inotherwords,getoutside.Takeawalk.Doiteverysingleday.Youdon'thavetobedoingintenseandheavyrunsdayinanddayout,butyoudoneedtobemoving.

Yousee,ahealthymetabolism（新陈代谢）willonlycomefromanactivelifestyle.Thosewhohaveasedentaryliving,sittinginofficechairsorhardlymoving,willhavebodiesadaptedtothatlifestyle.Butifyourbodythinksthatitneedstoburn,thenitwillgetinthehabitofburning.

Shoparoundtheoutsideofthegrocerystore.

Thisisbecomingmoreandmoreofapopularsayingamonghealthfoodadvocates.Theinnerpassagesarefarmorelikelytobefilledwithpreservatives（防腐剂）andchemicalstokeepthoseboxedandpackagedfoodsfreshforlongperiodsoftime.Yeteatingfreshfruits,vegetables,unprocessedmeatsandsoforthwillkeepnutrientdensefoodsgoingthroughyourbody.Themorelivingitemsyouconsume,themorehelptheywillbeabletobetoyourimmunesystemandyourtotalbodyhealth.

Water.

Yes,simplyandwithoutend,water.Youneedthisforeverysinglefunctionthatyourbodyperforms.Whenyougetupinthemorning,beforeyouputanythingelseonyourtongue,drinkaquartortwo.Builduptheamountyouconsumeeachday.Anoptionforwaterinsteadofotherpickmeups.Daybydayyourbodywillrealizethatyouaregoingtobemorethoroughlyhydrating,anditwillkeepyoufeelinghealthyasyoucanbe.

【语篇解读】　随着触手可及的快餐以及便捷舒适的生活方式越来越普及，现在的人们想保持身材已并非易事；对于大多数普通人来说，保持健康也变得愈加困难，本文就如何保持健康给出了一些建议。

1．Accordingtotheauthor,whatmakesitdifficulttokeephealthy?

A．Peoplearetoobusytotakeexercise.

B．Ourlifebecomesmoreandmoreconvenient.

C．Peopleareusedtolivingalazylife.

D．Thestoresarearoundourhouses.

B　[考查推理判断。

根据第一段第一、二句“Withfastfoodandconvenienceatourfingertipsoneverycorner...itisbecomingincreasinglyhardtostayinshape.Stayinghealthyhasbeenmoreandmoredifficult...”可知，由于人们生活中的便利舒适越来越多，减少了活动量，从而导致健康水平也在下降。

故选B项。

]

2．Whenisthebesttimetodrinkwater?

A．Aftergettingupinthemorning.

B．Afterfinishingyourlunch.

C．Beforegoingtobed.

D．Afterbreakfast.

A　[考查细节理解。

根据Water部分的“Whenyougetupinthemorning,beforeyouputanythingelseonyourtongue，drinkaquartortwo.”可知，最好在早上起床后喝水。

故选A项。

]

3．Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A．Wearewhatweeat

B．Tipsforstayinghealthy

C．It'sbettertoshoparound

D．Waterisveryimportantforourbody

B　[考查主旨大意。

根据第一段最后一句以及下文中的几点建议可知，本文是针对如何保持健康给出的几条建议。

故选B项。

]

B

【导学号：

33220150】

（2017·衡水中学高二大联考）ScientistsinBritainhavemanagedtoteachbumblebees（大黄蜂）topullstringstogettofoodandthenpassonwhattheyhavelearnedtoothersintheircolony（群体）—showingahighlevelofintelligencedespitetheirtinybrains.

ResearchersatQueenMaryUniversityofLondonsaidtheexperiments,oftenusedtotesttheintelligenceofapes（猿）andbirds,showedforthefirsttimethatsomeinsectsareuptothetask,andcanalsopassskillsonthroughseveralgenerations.

Thefindingsaddtotheevidencesuggestingtheabilityfor“culturespread”—theabilitytolearnandpassonknowledgeandskills—maynotbeexclusivetohumans.

Intheresearch,publishedinthejournalPLOSBiologyonTuesday,thescientistswereabletotrain23outofagroupof40beestopullstringswiththeirlegsandfeet.

Thestringswereattachedtodiscs—orartificial“flowers”—containingfoodattheircenterbutplacedunderatransparentscreen.Thebees,spottingthefoodbeneaththescreen,learnedtopullthe“flowers”outbypullingthestringwiththeirlegsandfeettobeabletogettoit.

Fromanothergroupofbeesgiventhechancetosolvethetaskwithoutanytraining,onlytwoof110weresuccessful.

Anothergroupofbeeswasthenallowedtoobservethetrainedbeespullingthestrings,and60percentofthemsuccessfullylearnedtheskill.Finally,trainedbeeswereputincolonies,andthescientistsfoundthetechniquespreadsuccessfullytoamajorityofthecolony'sworkerbees.

LarsChittka,aQueenMaryUniversityprofessorwhoguidedtheproject,saidtheteamisinterestedinfiguringoutthebrainprocessesbehindthebees'learningandteachingskills.

【语篇解读】　本文介绍了大黄蜂经过训练可以习得某种技能，还会传播自己所学的技能。

4．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exclusive”inParagraph3probablymean?

A．Ordinary.　B．Unique.

C．Beneficial.D．Widespread.

B　[考查词义猜测。

第二段中提出，不仅猿和鸟类有学习和传播知识的能力，一些昆虫也有这样的能力。

第二段和第三段中的关键词also和addtotheevidence提示，这种能力并非人类独有的。

故选B项。

]

5．Whatdidtheresearchersfindaboutbees?

A．Beeslearnbestininsects.

B．Beesareascleverasbirds.

C．Beesareborngoodlearners.

D．Beescanbetrainedtolearnskills.

D　[考查细节理解。

依据第四段中的“...thescientistswereabletotrain23outofagroupof40beestopullstringswiththeirlegsandfeet...”可知，科学家发现大黄蜂经过训练可以学会技能。

故选D项。

]

6．Whatmaytheresearchteamfocusonnext?

A．Whatelsebeescando.

B．Wherebeeslearnskills.

C．Howbeesteachothers.

D．Howbees'brainswork.

D　[考查推理判断。

根据文章最后一句“...theteamisinterestedinfiguringoutthebrainprocessesbehindthebees'learningandteachingskills.”可知，科研团队对大黄蜂学习和传播技能的大脑思考过程很感兴趣，因此，接下来他们应该会研究大黄蜂大脑的工作原理。

故选D项。

]

7．Whatmaybethebesttitleforthetext?

A．SmallBees,GreatAbilities

B．BeesCanLearnandTeach

C．BeesAreSmarter

D．LetBeesLearn

B　[考查主旨大意。

综合全文尤其第一段可知，文章主要介绍了一项科学发现，即大黄蜂经过训练可以学习并传播所学技能，故选B项。

]

C

（2017·安徽江南十校联考）Whenevertheword“hero”comestome,Iimmediatelythinkofthree“Hs”：

honorable,hardworking,andhappy.WhenIthinkmoreaboutthisword,Ipicturesomeonewhohasaccomplishedgoodthingsforpeopleandtriestodotherightthing.HattieElizabethAlexanderisonepersonwhomIfindtobeveryheroic.

HattiewasborninBaltimore,MarylandonApril5，1901.DuringhertimeatcollegesheearnedherBachelor'sDegreeinBacteriologyandPhysiology.Thesewerejustthefirststepstowardwhatshewasfinallygoingtoberememberedfor.AftercollegeHattieattendedJohnsHopkinsSchoolofMedicineandreceivedhermedicaldegree.

Afterhereducation,shepursuedhercareer,andaftermuchtimeandhardwork,shedrasticallyreducedthenumberofinfants（幼儿）dyingfrommeningitis（脑膜炎）．Hattiewasverydedicatedtoherworkandhelpedatasmanylocationsasshecould.Spendingsubstantial（大量的）timeinthelaboratory,Hattiesuccessfullydevelopedacureagainstthedisease,whichdecreasedthedeathrateto20percent.Atthesametime,shewasalsoateacherworkingwithColumbiaUniversity.

Shewasacaringladyinterestedinotherpeople'slives.WhenshewasteachingatColumbiaUniversity，othermemberswouldtalktoheraboutstudentsthatwerefailingtheirclasses,andsomehowHattiecouldalwaysfindconvincingreasonsastowhytheyshouldnotbedrivenaway.Later，HattiebecameaninstructorinPediatricsatNewYorkCity'sBabiesHospital.Aftermanyhonors,shebecamethefirstwomanpresidentoftheAmericanPediatricSocietyin1965.Thiswasherlastmajorachievement，forsoonafter，HattiediedofcanceronJune24，1968.

Hattieismyherobecauseherpositiveattitudeandstrengthhelpedheraccomplishgreatthingsforothers.Shegavethemherstrengthbydevelopingmedicinesagainstdiseases,which,bydoingso,madethemstronger.ThisiswhatmakesHattieElizabethAlexandermyhero.

【语篇解读】　本文介绍了作者心目中的英雄——哈蒂·伊丽莎白·亚历山大为社会做出的贡献。

8．Accordingtothepassage，HattieElizabethAlexander．

A．receivedherBachelor'sDegreeinJohnsHopkinsSchool

B．spentallhertimeinthelaboratorydevelopingcuresforillnesses

C．caredalotaboutothers'privatelives

D．alwaystriedherbesttohelppreventstudentsfromdroppingoutofcollege

D　[考查细节理解。

根据文章第四段第二句“...somehowHattiecouldalwaysfindconvincingreasonsastowhytheyshouldnotbedrivenaway.”可知，哈蒂总会尽最大努力阻止学生辍学。

故选D项。

]

9．TheunderlinedwordinParagraph3probablymeans“”．

A．slightlyB．hardly

C．greatlyD．totally

C　[考查词义猜测。

根据文章第三段第一、二句以及第三句中的“whichdecreasedthedeathrateto20percent”可推断出，此处指经过哈蒂的付出和努力，幼儿死于脑膜炎的比例大大下降。

故推测，drastically意为“大幅度地；彻底地”，与greatly意思相近，故选C项。

]

10．Hattieisconsideredtobeaherobytheauthorinthat．

A．shewasanhonorable,hardworkingandhappyperson

B．shewasaverydedicatedwomandoctorwithmanyhonors

C．shewasacaringladywhohelpedmanystudentsfinishcollege

D．shewasthefirstwomanpresidentoftheAPS

A　[考查推理判断。

根据文章第一段的内容可知，作者视哈蒂为英雄是因为她是一个品德高尚、勤奋且快乐的人。

故选A项。

]

11．Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostpropertitleforthetext?

A．AnHonorableWoman

B．AWomanAccomplishingGreatThings

C．MyHero—HattieElizabethAlexander

D．TheFirstWomanPresidentoftheAPS

C　[考查主旨大意。

通读全文可知，本文讲述的是作者心目中的英雄哈蒂·伊丽莎白·亚历山大。

故选C项。

]

D

【导学号：

33220151】

（2017·福建泉州检测）Weknowalotabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesofreadingahardcopybookvs.readingelectronically.Theproblemismanyofusrefusetolisten.

Don'tgetmewrong:

Digitalreadinghassomerealadvantages.Askpeoplewhattheylikemostaboutreadingondigitalscreens,andyouhearoverandoveragainaboutconvenience.Morepointsfordigitalreading：

ebookstendtobecheaper.There'salsotheenvironmentalargument.Thinkofthetrees