1995年英语专业八级改错真题与答案持续更新部分详解文字答案校对版.docx
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1995年英语专业八级改错真题与答案持续更新部分详解文字答案校对版
1995-2017年英语专业八级改错真题及答案
（文字/答案校对版）
2017年改错真题
Theabilitytocommunicateistheprimaryfactorthatdistinguisheshuman
beingsfromanimals.Anditistheabilitytocommunicatewellwhich1.________
distinguishesoneindividualfromanother.
Thefactisthatapartfromthebasicnecessities,oneneedsto
beequippedwithhabitsforgoodcommunicationskills,thusthisis2.________
whatwillmakeoneahappyandsuccessfulsocialbeing.
Inordertodevelopthesehabits,oneneedstofirstacknowledge
thefactthattheyneedtoimprovecommunicationskillsfromtimetotime.
Theyneedtotakestockofthewayhowtheyinteractandthedirection3.________
inwhichtheirworkandpersonalrelationsaregoing.Theonlyconstant
inlifeischange,themoreoneacceptsone’sstrengthsandworks4._______
towardsdealingwiththeirshortcomings,speciallyintheareaof5.________
communicationskills,thebetterwillbetheirinteractionsand
themoretheirsocialpopularity.
Thedominatedquestionthatcomeshereis:
Howtoimprove6.________
communicationskills?
Theanswerissimple.Onecanfind
plentyofliteratureonthis.Therearealsoexperts,whoconduct
workshopsandseminarsbasedoncommunicationskillsofmen
andwomen.Infact,alargenumberofcompaniesarebringingin
trainerstoregularlymakesessionsonthesubject,inorderto7.________
helptheirworkforcemaintainbetterinterpersonalworkrelations.
Todayeffectivecommunicationskillshavebecomeapredominant
factorevenwhilerecruitingemployees.Whileinterviewingcandidates,
mostinterviewersjudgethemonthebasisoftheskillstheycommunicatewith.
Theybelievethatsomeskillscanbeimprovisedonthejob;butabilityto8.________
communicatewellisimportant,aseveryemployeebecomesthe
representingfaceofthecompany.
Therearetrainers,whospecializedindeliveringcustom-made9._______
programsonthesubject.Throughthesessionstheynotonlyfacilitate
bettercommunicationskillsintheworkplace,butalsolookinto
theproblemsinthemannerofbeingabletoconveymessageseffectively.10._______
2016年改错真题
Allsocialunitsdevelopaculture.Evenintwo-personrelationships,
aculturedevelopsintime.Infriendshipandromanticrelationships,1._________
forexample,partnersdeveloptheirownhistory,sharedexperiences,
languagepatterns,habits,andcustomsgivethatrelationshipaspecial2._________
character—acharacterthatdiffersitinvariouswaysfrom3._________
otherrelationships.Examplesmightincludespecialdates,places,
songs,oreventsthatcometohaveauniqueand
importantsymbolicmeaningforthetwoindividuals.Thus,any4._________
socialunit—whetherarelationship,group,organization,or
society—developsaculturewiththepassageoftime.
Whilethedefiningcharacteristicsofeachcultureareunique,
allculturessharecertainsamefunctions.Therelationshipbetween5.__________
communicationandcultureisaverycomplexintimateone.6.__________
Culturesarecreatedthroughcommunication;thatis,communicationis
themeansofhumaninteraction,throughitculturalcharacteristics7.__________
arecreatedandshared.Itisnotsomuchthatindividualssetouttocreateaculturewhentheyinteractinrelationships,groups,organizations,orsocieties,
butratherthanthatculturesareanaturalby-productofsocialinteraction.8._________
Inasense,culturesarethe“residue”ofsocialcommunication.
Withoutcommunicationandcommunicationmedia,itwouldbeimpossibleto
haveandpassalongculturalcharacteristicsfromoneplaceandtimeto9.__________
another.Onecansay,furthermore,thatcultureiscreated,shaped,10._________
transmitted,andlearnedthroughcommunication.
2015年改错真题
When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular show
on ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round at the luxury of the 1.________
rink, my friend’s mother remarked on the “plush” seats we had been
given. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my 2.________
vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”
was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation; that 3.________
much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I 4. ________
started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, and
so are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren’t they?
My
friend’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her 5.________
expression that I had not got the word quite right.
Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughly
means, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both 6. ________
new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our 7. ________
own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should have
asked for plush, and this is particularly true in the 8.________
aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by 9________
speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,
but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.
So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap. 10. _________
2014年改错真题
Thereiswidespreadconsensusamongscholarsthatsecondlanguage
acquisition（SLA）emergedasadistinctfieldofresearchfromthelate1950sto
early1960s.
Thereisahighlevelofagreementthatthefollowingquestions 1.__________
have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area:
2.__________
◆Isitpossibletoacquireanadditionallanguageinthe
samesenseoneacquiresafirstlanguage?
3.__________
◆Whatistheexplanationforthefactadultshave 4.__________
moredifficultyinacquiringadditionallanguagesthanchildrenhave?
◆Whatmotivatespeopletoacquireadditionallanguages?
◆Whatistheroleofthelanguageteachinginthe 5.___________
acquisitionofanadditionallanguage?
◆Whatsocio-culturalfactors,ifany,arerelevantinstudyingthe
learningofadditionallanguages?
Fromacheckoftheliteratureofthefielditisclearthatall 6.__________
theapproachesadoptedtostudythephenomenaofSLAsofarhave
onethingincommon:
Theperspectiveadoptedtoviewtheacquiring
ofanadditionallanguageisthatofanindividualattemptstodo 7.___________
so.Whetheronelabelsit“learning”or“acquiring”anadditional
language,itisanindividualaccomplishmentorwhatisunder 8.___________
focusisthecognitive,psychological,andinstitutionalstatusofan
individual.Thatis,thespotlightisonwhatmentalcapabilitiesare
involving,whatpsychologicalfactorsplayaroleinthelearning 9.___________
oracquisition,andwhetherthetargetlanguageislearntinthe
classroomoracquiredthroughsocialtouchwithnativespeakers. 10.___________
2013年改错真题
Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processes involved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,
production and remembering language, and hence are concerned 1.__________
with listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.
One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually 2.__________
happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. 3.__________
Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, 4.________
you normally cannot help but understand it.
It is only in exceptional circumstances we might become aware of 5._________
the complexity involved:
if we are searching for a word but cannot
remember it; if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has 6._________
influenced their language; if we observe a child acquire language; 7._________
if we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; or if we
are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meet anyone else 8._________
who is. As we shall see, all these examplesof what might be called
“language in exceptional circumstances” reveal a great deal about the
processes evolved in speaking,listening, writing and reading. But 9.__________
given that language processes were normally so automatic, we also 10.__________
need to carry out careful experiments to get at what is happening.
2012年改错真题
The central problem of translating has always been whether to
translate literally or freely. The argument has been going since at least 1.__________
the first century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many
writers favored certain kind of “free” translation:
the spirit, not the 2.__________
letter; the sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter 3.__________
not the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who 4.___________
wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 5.___________
19th century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested that
the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language was 6.__________
entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible 7.__________
gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must 8.__________
be asliteral as possible. This view culminated the statement of the 9._________
extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.
The argument was theoretical:
the purpose of the translation,
the nature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed.
Too often, writer,translator and reader were implicitly ident
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