高一英语 专题03 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句暑.docx
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高一英语专题03限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句暑
专题03限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
【理论回顾】
一、定语从句的分类
________________定语从句
定语从句
________________定语从句
限制性定语从句:
YesterdayIreceivedaletterwhichcamefromAustralia.
Ivisitedascientistwhosenameisknownalloverthecountry.
October1,1949wasthedaywhenthePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.
非限制性定语从句:
Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.
China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.
2、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别
区别一:
形式不同
限定性定语从句主句和从句之间________逗号隔开;而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常_______逗号隔开。
区别二:
功能不同
限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别,如果去掉,就会造成句意_____________________;而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用,如果省略,句意____________________。
如:
Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.
进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。
(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)
Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.
他女儿现在在波士顿,下星期回来。
(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整)
区别三:
翻译不同
在翻译定语从句时,一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前,而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。
如:
Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.
他就是汽车被窃的那个人。
I’veinvitedJim,wholivesinthenextflat.
我邀请了吉姆,他就住在隔壁。
区别四:
关系词不同
关系词that和why可用于__________定语从句中,通常不用于__________定语从句;另外,在限制性定语从句中,关系词有时_________省略,而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律____________。
区别五:
先行词不同
限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词、名词词组或代词,而非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词,也可以是___________;另外,当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时,通常要用___________定语从句,而不用_______________定语从句。
如:
Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.
(which指整个主句)
Mr.Smith,whoisourboss,willleaveforJapannextweek.
(先行词为专有名词,要用非限制性定语从句修饰)
Herfather,whohasalotofmoney,wisheshertostudyabroad.
(先行词为表独一无二意义的普通名词,要用非限制性定语从句修饰)
【想一想】
例题1:
OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentsseatedtogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
例题2:
OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
例题3:
OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,and_______parentswereseatedtogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
例题4:
OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentssittingtogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
例题5:
OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentssattogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
例题6:
OnSundaystherewerealotofchildrenplayinginthepark,_______parentsweresittingtogetherjoking.
A.theirB.whoseC.whichD.that
【练一练】
1、判断哪些为限制性定语从句,哪些为非限制性定语从句
1.Ourguide,whowasaFrenchCanadian,wasanexcellentcook.
2.ThefingerIdippedintothecupwasnottheoneIputintomymouth.
3.MrSmith,fromwhomIhavelearnedalot,isafamousscientist.
4.Hesaidthathehadneverseenherbefore,whichwasnottrue.
5.Allthatyouhavedoneisnotnecessary.
二、选择题
1.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontof______satasmallboy.
A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that
2.This is one of the best films _______.
A. that have been shown this year B. that have shown
C. that has been shown this year D. that you talked
3.Can you lend me the book ______the other day?
A. about which you talked B. which you talked
C. about that you talked D. that you talked
4.Theengineerwith_____myfatherworksisabout50yearsold.
A.whoseB.whoC.whichD.whom
5.They arrived at a farmhouse, in front of ______sat a small boy.
A. whom B. who C. which D. that
6.Li Ming, ______to the concert enjoyed it very much.
A. I went with B. with whom I went
C. with who I went D.I went with him
7.I lost a book, ______I can't remember now.
A. whose title B. its title
C. the title of it D. the title of that
8.Theletterisfrommysister,______isworkinginBeijing.
A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who
9.I shall never forget those years ________ I lived on the farm with the farmers,
_______ has a great effect on my life.
A. when; who B. that; which C. which; that D. when; which
10.You can depend on whatever promise _______ he makes.
A. / B. why C. when D. whose
3、填空题
1.HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant,______________greatlyupsetsme.
2.Smoking, ______________ is a bad habit, is, however, popular.
3.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory ______we are working.
4.The reason ______he didn't come was ______he was ill.
5.--- Did you ask the guard _______ happened?
--- Yes, he told me all _______ he knew.
4、改错题
1.ChaplinlivedthelastyearsofhislifeinSwitzerland,wherehewasburiedtherein1977.
____________________________________________________________
2.Idon'tknowthemanwithwhomybrotheristalking.
____________________________________________________________
3.I,whoisaChinese,willdomybestforourcountry.
____________________________________________________________
4.HeistheverypersonforwhomIamlooking.
____________________________________________________________
5.ChinaDailyhasplentyofadvertisements,thathelptocutthecostsofmakingthenewspaper.
____________________________________________________________
6.Ican'trememberthethingsandpersonswhoImetatthattime.
____________________________________________________________
7.I live in a house whose the window faces south.
____________________________________________________________
8.Do you remember one afternoon in America where a terrible earthquake took
place?
____________________________________________________________
9.Is this park where his father works?
____________________________________________________________
10.Thewaywhichyoulookatproblemsiswrong.
____________________________________________________________
【乐一乐】
Q:
Whendoyougoasfastasaracingcar?
S:
Whenyouareinit.
Q:
Howmanysidesdoesahousehave?
S:
Two-insideandoutside.
Q:
Whatroomhasnowalls,nodoors,nowindows,andnofloors?
S:
Amushroom.
Q:
Whatissmallerthananinsect'smouth?
S:
Anythingiteats.
Q:
Whatsurprisingthingshappenevery24hours?
S:
Daybreaks,butdoesn'tfall;
nightfalls,butdoesn'tbreak.
Q:
Whatcanhearyouwithoutearsandcanansweryouwithoutamouth?
S:
Anecho.
Q:
Whatanimaleatsanddrinkswithitstail?
S:
Alldo.Noanimaltakesoffits
tailwheneatinganddrinking.