学年上海市长宁金山区高考英语一模试题Word版及参考答案.docx
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学年上海市长宁金山区高考英语一模试题Word版及参考答案
Ⅱ.GrammarandVocabularySectionA
Directions:
Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.
AGratefulPatient
Itookajobasareceptionistforavet(兽医)almostfivedecadesago.Asanenthusiasticanimallover,Iacceptedthepositiononthecondition(21)Uwouldn’thavetoassistwithanywoundedanimals.Ididn’thavethecourage(22)(watch)anycreatureinpain.
Attheendofmyfirstweek,wewereclosingtheofficefortheday(23)ayoungmanranuptousholdingaseverelyinjuredDobermanpuppy(杜宾幼犬)inhisarmsandbeggingustosavehislife.Thefour-month-oldpuppyhadbeenhitbyacar.
ThedoctorandIranbackintotheoperatingroom.Theonlyplace(24)theskinwasstillattachedtohispoorlittlebodywasaroundoneshoulder.Thevetworkedtirelesslyforwhatseemedlikehours,(25)
(sew)himbacktogetheragain.Thatwastheeasypart.Thepuppyhadbrokenmultiplebones,includinghisback.
(26)hesurvivedthenextfewdays,wewerequitesurehewouldneverwalkagain.
Thedayforeverchangedmylife.Ibecamethevet’sassistantinallthingsmedical.OneofmyfirstjobswastogivethatDobermanpuppydailyphysicaltherapy.Weekswentbyuntilonedayhefinallyrecovered.
Fast-forwardaboutayear.Iwalkedintotheclinic’s(27)(crowed)waitingroomandcalledthenameofthenextclient.Suddenly,ahugeDobermanrantowardme.Ifound(28)pinnedagainstthewallwiththismagnificentdogstandingonhisbacklegs,hisfrontpaws(爪子)onmyshoulders,washingmyfacewith
plentifulandjoyfulkisses!
Istilltearupinamazement(29)thedisplayofloveandgratitudethedoghadformethatdayallthoseyearsago.Iwentontobeavettechnicianfor14years,andsinceretirement,Ihavevolunteeredatano-killanimalshelter.InallthetimethathaspassedandalltheexperiencesIhavehad,I’venevermetadogwhodidn’tknowthatit(30)(rescue)inonewayoranother.
SectionB
Directions:
Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanbeusedonlyonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.
A.achievement
F.executive
K.reveal
B.captured
G.manageable
C.championed
H.memorable
D.conveniently
I.publicizing
E.distract
J.reluctantly
MarketingtheMoon
Anastronaut,alittlehopandawittyquote:
NeilArmstrong’sfirstlunar(月球的)footstepisdeep-rootedinthemindsofallhumankind.Butthatfirstmoonlandingmightnothavebeensucha(n)31momentifitweren’tforNASA’scleverPR(PublicRelations)team.
RichardJurekisamarketing32andco-authorofthebookmarketingtheMoon:
TheSellingoftheApolloLunarProgram.HesaysNASA’smovetoreal-time,opencommunicationmadethe1969Apollo11landing“thefirstpositiveviraleventthat33theworld’sattention.”
BeforeNASAwasestablishedin1958,rocketswerethemilitary’sterritory;thatsecretivenesscarriedoverintothespaceagency’searlydays.Atfirst,NASAfolloweda“fireinthetail”rule,only34arocket’slaunchwhenitwassuccessfullyintheair.Butastheagencyevolved,itstartedannouncingmoredetailsabouttheApolloprogram.It35itsastronauts,talkedopenlyaboutmissiongoalsandchallenges,andsharedlaunchtimessopeoplecouldwatch.“Ifithadbeenrunlikeitwasunderthemilitary,”Jureksays,“wewouldnothavehadthatsenseofdrama,thatsenseofinvolvement,thatsenseofwonder,that36.”Instead,allthePRandpresspromotionintheyearsaheadofApollo11broughtthehumanspaceflightprogramintopeople’slivingroomsandimaginations.
Asthedramaneareditspeak,NASA’sPRofficialspushedforliveTVbroadcastsofthefirsthumanstowalkonthemoon.Noteveryonethoughtitwasagoodidea.Thetechnologyforlivelunarbroadcasts,andcamerassmallenoughtokeepthecargo37,didn’texistatthepoint.Someengineersworriedthatdevelopingthatequipmentwould38fromeffortstoachievethelandingitself.ButNASA’scommunicationsteamarguedthattellingthestorywasasvitalasthe39itself.LiveTVwouldbringtheAmericanpeople--andinternationalviewers--alongfortheride.
Comelandingday,which40fellonaSunday,morethanhalfabillionpeopleworldwidecrowdedaroundTVsandradiosforthehistoricmoment.“Wewereabletocometogetheranddosomethingthatwasexcitingandinterestingandbroughttheworldtogether,”saysDavidMeermanScott,marketingstrategistandco-authorofMarketingtheMoon.“Idon’tknowthatwe’vedoneanythinglikethatsince.”
Ⅲ.ReadingComprehension
SectionA
Directions:
ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.
Ancientcreatureslikelyevolvedthestressresponsetobetterescapefromhunters.Buttodayitscausesincludetraffic,deadlinesandfirstdates.Accordingtoa2018AmericanPsychologicalAssociationsurveyofmorethan3,000people,thetop41arework,money,theeconomyandhealth.
Althougheveryonefacesstress,peoplereacttoit42.“There’sthesituation,howwe43thesituation,andthenourskillsathandlingthesituation,”sayspsychologistWilliamLovallooftheUniversityofOklahoma.44experienceshelpusassessappropriateresponses,somostpeopleimprovewithage.“Ahighschoolstudentoracollegestudentmightnothavethose45skillsandmightletasituationgetoutofhand,”headds.
Most46havenormalstressresponses,regulatedtogivetherightburstofhormones(激素)andbodily
changesforaparticularstressor.Butothersalwaysover-orunder-react,whichmaybeawarningsignforphysicalormental47.Tostudythis,scientistsoftenmonitorcortisol(皮质醇)orheartratevariationsthroughoutthedayandduringtryingtasks.
48,theintensityoftheseresponsesseemstobesetfromayoungage.Studieshaveshownthatpeoplewhoexperiencedchildhoodhardships--includingphysicalpunishmentanda(n)49home--aremorelikelytohavequietstressreactionsasadults.Forexample,aspartofastudypublishedin2012,Lovalloexposed354participantstomoderatestress.Peoplewhoself-reportedearly-life50actuallyhadlowerheartratesandcortisollevelsthanotherparticipants.Whilethestudytaskswerenotimportant,theindividuals’under-reactionssuggesttheirstressresponsemayalsohavetrouble51whenitreallymatters.Itcanbejustas52asanextremeresponse.Otherresearchhasfoundlinksbetweenchildhoodconflict,abnormallylowadultstressandsubstancemisuse.Thoughthebiologyisnotfullyunderstood,it’ssuggestedthatearly-lifeneglectorsuffering
53thebody’sstresspathways.
Evenbeforebirth,achildcan54parentalstress.Thephenomenoniswell-demonstratedinratsandmice,andsomepapershaveshownthesameassociation55.Forexample,babiesborntomotherswhosurvivedthe9/11attacksallhadhowcortisollevels.
41.A.stressors
B.responses
C.secretes
D.concerns
42.A.appropriately
B.differently
C.normally
D.mentally
43.A.improve
B.influence
C.describe
D.evaluate
44.A.Valuable
B.Professional
C.Previous
D.Constant
45.A.coping
B.living
C.learning
D.acting
46.A.adults
B.researchers
C.students
D.monitors
47.A.functions
B.disorders
C.variations
D.abilities
48.A.Bytheway
B.Insomecases
C.Onthecontrary
D.Asaresult
49.A.independent
B.distinguished
C.unstable
D.extended
50.A.education
B.experience
C.involvement
D.difficulty
51.A.racingup
B.showingup
C.takingup
D.keepingup
52.A.impressive
B.insignificant
C.positive
D.unhealthy
53.A.smooths
B.follows
C.dulls
D.destroys
54.A.endure
B.relieve
C.increase
D.inherit
55.A.betweenanimals
B.inhumans
C.withsociety
D.ofimportance
SectionB
Directions:
Readthefollowingthreepassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.
(A)
Iliveinasecond-floorflatwithanancienttreerightonthecornerofthehouse.Houseandtreehavebeenhere,sidebyside,forwelloveracentury.Noonereallyknowshowoldthetreeis,butitwasalreadytherewhenbuildersstartedonthehouseatthebeginningofthe1900s.
Itwasstillratheryoungandflexiblebackthen,soiteasilywelcomedthenewstructureintoitspath.itbentandadjusteditselftomakeroom,andtofindthespacetogrowbigandstrongandwise.Whichmeansthatsomehundredyearslater,thesolid,strongbranchesofthetreereacharoundtwofullsidesofmyhome.It’scoveredin
mass(苔藓),whichis,inturn,crawlingwithallsortsofinseets.Ihaveneverseentheinsects,bytheway,Ijust
knowthatthey’retherebecauseofallthebirdstryingtopickthemout.Theyarealwayshoppingaround,lookingforthisandthatandsingingsongs.
IfeellikeIhavebecomepartoftheecosystem.WhenI’meatingbreakfastormakingdinnerinthekitchen,Icanlookoutandseeabirdhoppingaroundskillfully,gatheringitsownmealwhileItendtomine.WhenI’msitting
inthelivingroom,readingordrinkingtea,Icansuddenlyfindmyselffacetofacewithanotherbird.We’llbestaring
ateachotherand,aftersometime,decidewecanbothcarryonwithourbusiness.Livingsidebyside.EvenasIwritethis--thelargewindowsopentoalovely,softevening-