浙江高考英语冲刺限时训练 10.docx
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浙江高考英语冲刺限时训练10
第10节 热点话题
(一)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2018·江西质检)
Competitionoccursnaturallybetweenlivingbeingswhichcoexistinthesameenvironment.Inmodernsocietythereisagreatdealofargumentaboutcompetition.Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisresponsibleforsocialprogressandprosperity(繁荣).Otherssaythatcompetitionisbad;thatitsetsonepersonagainstanother;thatitleadstounfriendlyrelationshipbetweenpeople.
Ihavetaughtmanychildrenwhoheldthebeliefthattheirselfworthreliedonhowwelltheyperformedattennisandotherskills.Forthemplayingwellandwinningareoftenlifeanddeathaffairs.Intheirsinglemindedpursuit(追求)ofsuccess,thedevelopmentofmanyotherhumanqualitiesissadlyforgotten.
However,whilesomeseemtobelostinthedesiretosucceed,otherstakeanoppositeattitude.Inaculturewhichvaluesonlythewinnerandpaysnoattentiontotheordinaryplayers,theystronglyblamecompetition.Amongthemostvocalareyoungsterswhohavesufferedundercompetitivepressuresfromtheirparentsorsociety.
Teachingtheseyoungpeople,Ioftenobserveinthemadesiretofail.Theyseemtoseekfailurebynottryingtowinorachievesuccess.Bynottrying,theyalwayshaveanexcuse:
“Imayhavelost,butitdoesn’tmatterbecauseIreallydidn’ttry.”Whatisnotusuallyadmittedbythemselvesisthebeliefthatiftheyhadreallytriedandlost,thatwouldmeanalot.Suchalosswouldbeameasureoftheirworth.Clearly,thisbeliefisthesameasthatofthetruecompetitorswhotrytoprovethemselves.Botharebasedonthemistakenbeliefthatone’sselfrespectreliesonhowwelloneperformsincomparisonwithothers.Bothareafraidofnotbeingvalued.Onlyasthisbasicandoftentroublesomefearbeginstodissolve(缓解)canwediscoveranewmeaningincompetition.
1.Whichisthemainpointofthispassage?
A.Competitionisaninterestingexperienceinone’slife.
B.Competitionishelpfultosetupselfrespect.
C.Competitionisharmfultopersonalqualitydevelopment.
D.Differentopinionsaboutcompetitionamongpeople.
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。
第一段中提到“Inmodernsocietythereisagreatdealofargumentaboutcompetition.”;由第二段起,作者以自己的学生为例,具体阐述了人们对竞争的不同看法。
故文章的中心为D选项。
2.Whydosomepeoplevaluecompetitionhighly?
A.Theythinkitmakesnationsbecomerich.
B.Theythinkithelpstoimprovepeople’sabilities.
C.Theythinkithasthedutytopushsocietyforward.
D.Theythinkitmakesnationsmorecompetitive.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。
由第一段第三句“Somevalueithighly,believingthatitisresponsibleforsocialprogressandprosperity(繁荣).”可知,一些人非常重视竞争,他们认为竞争担负着社会进步和繁荣的责任。
故C选项正确。
3.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedphrase“themostvocal”inParagraph3?
A.Thosewhostronglyblamecompetition.
B.Thosewhovaluecompetitionhighly.
C.Thosewhowantsuccessverymuch.
D.Thosewhofailmanytimes.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。
由第三段第二、三句可知,在一个只重视胜利者而对那些普通参赛者不加关注的文化中,一些人强烈指责竞争。
那些遭受父母或社会施加的压力的青少年们就在此列。
由此可知,该画线词指的是那些责备竞争的人们。
故A选项正确。
4.Whatcanweknowaboutcompetition?
A.Itcandetermineone’sachievement.
B.Itswinningshouldbecomealifeanddeathmatter.
C.Itshouldbeencouragedinallcountriesintheworld.
D.Itariseswhenagoalcannotbeshared.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。
由最后一段最后两句可知,竞争的根源在于人们害怕不受重视。
只有当人们为了共同目标努力,而不是担心个人是否受重视时,那么,人们才可以在竞争中发现新的意义。
由此可以推知,当人们没有共同目标,只为个人努力时,竞争就出现了。
故D选项正确。
B
(2018·山西平遥中学一模)
Aftershoppingfordealsinstoreson“BlackFriday”,oronlineon“CyberMonday”,Americansandpeopleworldwidearepreparingfornewlypopular“GivingTuesday”.Startingin2012,nowtheglobaleventthatiscelebratedannuallyontheTuesdayafterThanksgivingisthebrainchildof92ndStreetY,aculturalcenterinNewYorkCityandUnitedNationsFoundation.
Asthenameindicates,GivingTuesdayismeanttorestartthecharitableseasonandthereforeobservedbyraisingfundsforlocalnonprofitsandschools,organizingfoodandclothingdrives,andconductingrandomactsofkindness.In2015,700,000peoplefrom71countriescametogethertodonate
116.7millionincash.Anadditional
1.08millionwasspentongifts.
Whiletheeasiestwaytoparticipateisbydonatingtoyourfavoritecharity,thisdaycanbecelebratedinmanyotherwaystoo.Youcangivebackbyvolunteeringatyourlocalshelterorfoodbank,orevenbydonatingblood.Ifallelsefails,apurchasefromthegrowingnumberoforganizationsthatgiveaportionoftheirsalestocharitywilldothetrick.
Butperhapsthebestwaytocelebratethedayisbyhelpingthosenearestanddearesttoyou.Assistafamilymemberwithasimplechorelikefoldinglaundry,cookingdinner,orevenreadingtoayoungersibling.Nomatterwhatyoudo,besuretoshareyourgooddeedsonsocialmediaandinspireotherstocelebrateGivingTuesdayaswell!
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。
GivingTuesday是一个全民性的活动,在假期里做慈善捐助,类似于“黑色星期五”和“网络星期一”那样的节日购物的形式。
GivingTuesday的目的是鼓励各地的人们,为了一个简单的目的——帮助他人——而汇聚起来。
5.Whichofthefollowinghastheshortesthistory?
A.CyberMonday.B.GivingTuesday.
C.BlackFriday.D.ThanksgivingDay.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。
根据文章第一段中的“Aftershoppingfordealsinstoreson‘BlackFriday’,oronlineon‘CyberMonday’,Americansandpeopleworldwidearepreparingfornewlypopular‘GivingTuesday’.Startingin2012...”再结合常识可知,GivingTuesday这个节日的历史最短。
故选B。
6.What’sthemainpurposeof“GivingTuesday”?
A.Topersuademorepeopletoshoponline.
B.TomakeThanksgivingDayenjoyable.
C.Toencouragemorepeopletodocharities.
D.Togetvoluntaryworkbetterknown.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。
根据文章第二段首句“Asthenameindicates,GivingTuesdayismeanttorestartthecharitableseasonandthereforeobservedbyraisingfundsforlocalnonprofitsandschools,organizingfoodandclothingdrives,andconductingrandomactsofkindness.”可知,GivingTuesday的主要目的是鼓励人们做慈善。
故选C。
7.Whydoestheauthoradvisesharinggooddeedsonsocialmedia?
A.Todonatemoneytolocalschools.
B.Tokeeparecordofone’sexperience.
C.Tohelppeoplemakenewfriends.
D.TomakeGivingTuesdaymorepopular.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。
根据文章最后一段最后一句“Nomatterwhatyoudo,besuretoshareyourgooddeedsonsocialmediaandinspireotherstocelebrateGivingTuesdayaswell!
”可知,作者建议将自己的善行分享到社交媒体上,让更多的人参与到此活动中,使之更流行。
故选D。
8.Whichsectionofawebsitedoesthetestprobablycomefrom?
A.Business.B.Lifestyle.
C.Education.D.Culture.
答案 D
解析 文章出处题。
根据全文大意可知,文章主要介绍了一个全民性慈善活动的节日GivingTuesday,故可以推测该文章选自网站上的文化部分的内容。
故选D。
Ⅱ.完形填空
(2018·云南高三毕业班统一检测)
“Elsa,it’syou!
”Itwasthefouryearold’ssurprisebirthdayparty,andherfavoriteDisneycharacter,ElsafromFrozen,had9.Thetwo10begantosingthemovie’sbigsong,“LetItGo”,andweresoon11byfourotherfairytaleprincesses.Youwouldswearyouwerecelebratingatthemost12placeonearth.
Butthiswasn’tDisneyWorld.Itwasacancercenteratachildren’s13inNewYork.Andtheprincesseswerecollegestudentswho14for“AMomentofMagic”,anonprofitorganizationwhosemissionistoliftthespiritsof15children.
Itall16withafamilymovienightfeaturingFrozen.Maggie,now23,17thatsheandElsahadmatchingblondhairandbigblueeyes.MaggieandherfriendKyleethenwere18anewcommunityprojecttoworkon,ideallyonewithkids.Thatsparkeda(n)19—dressingupasDisneyprincessesandvisitingyoungpatients.“It’snicetogivethekidsinhospital20togetsomemagic,”saysMaggie.
In2015,after21
2,000onaGoFundMepagetopayfor22andtravelexpenses,MaggieandKyleegavetheirfirst23.TheydressedasElsaandhersister,Anna,tothescreaming24ofthegirlsandblushingsmilesfromtheboys.Theyspentnearlythreehourssingingsongs,takingpictures,andtravelingfromonebedsidetothenext25theyhadvisitedandchattedwitheveryoneofthefifty26.“Toseethekidsbelieveinme,mycharacter...Itwaslifechanging,”saysMaggie.
Ofcourse,aprincesscannotworksomanymiraclesatonetime,27MaggieandKyleerecruited(招募)theirpeers.Today,“AMomentofMagic”has400volunteersfrom11collegesanda28kingdomoffans.Thesegirlsgiveyoungpatientsthemomentofimagination,freedom,andhappinessofdreaming.
语篇解读 Maggie和Kylee带着给生病的孩子们带来快乐的初衷,创立了一个志愿者组织AMomentofMagic,并且不断招募志愿者,希望帮助更多的孩子。
9.A.leftB.arrived
C.stoppedD.escaped
答案 B
解析 leave离开;arrive到达;stop停止;escape逃脱。
此处指她最喜欢的迪士尼人物到来了,下一句中的“Thetwobegantosing”给了提示。
故选B。
10.A.noisilyB.curiously
C.anxiouslyD.excitedly
答案 D
解析 noisily吵闹地;curiously好奇地;anxiously焦虑地;excitedly兴奋地。
根据下一句中的“youwerecelebratingatthemostplaceonearth”可知,这是令人兴奋的聚会,所以此处应是兴奋地唱最喜欢的歌。
故选D。
11.A.joinedB.organized
C.dismissedD.praised
答案 A
解析 join参加;organize组织;dismiss开除,解散;praise表扬。
此处指又有四个童话公主加入到聚会。
故选A。
12.A.frighteningB.magical
C.primitiveD.distant
答案 B
解析 frightening令人恐惧的;magical有魔力的;primitive原始的;distant遥远的。
根据上文涉及的迪士尼角色和童话公主参加聚会,下文中的“AMomentofMagic”可知,是在最有魔力的地方庆祝聚会。
故选B。
13.A.campusB.reserve
C.hospitalD.community
答案 C
解析 campus校园;reserve保护区;hospital医院;community社区。
根据cancercenter和下文的visitingyoungpatients及thekidsinhospital可知,故事发生在儿童医院。
故选C。
14.A.volunteeredB.voted
C.waitedD.studied
答案 A
解析 volunteer自愿;vote选举;wait等待;study学习。
根据下文中的anonprofitorganization可知,参加表演的是大学生志愿者,自愿参加“AMomentofMagic”活动。
故选A。
15.A.abandonedB.generous
C.sickD.wellbehaved
答案 C
解析 abandoned被抛弃的;generous慷慨的;sick生病的;wellbehaved彬彬有礼的。
根据本段中的“acancercenter”和下文中的thekidsinhospital可知,这个非盈利组织的任务是使生病的孩子们快乐。
故选C。
16.A.endedB.settled
C.movedD.began
答案 D
解析 end结束;settle定居;move移动;begin开始。
这个活动开始于以《冰雪奇缘》为主体的家庭电影之夜,与开头的庆祝活动相呼应。
故选D。
17.A.stressedB.noticed
C.concludedD.admitted
答案 B
解析 stress强调;notice注意到;conclude结束,下结论;admit承认。
此处指Maggie注意到她和Elsa都有一头金发和蓝色的大眼睛,指注意到她们的相似性。
故选B。
18.A.searchingforB.catchingup
C.cheeringforD.makingup
答案 A
解析 searchfor寻找;catchup赶上;cheerfor为……喝彩;makeup弥补,组成。
此处指Maggie和Kylee寻找能帮助孩子的公益项目。
故选A。
19.A.suggestionB.principle
C.ideaD.picture
答案 C
解析 suggestion建议;pr