Matlab程序调试相关函数.docx

Matlab程序调试相关函数.docx

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Matlab程序调试相关函数

kyboard:

KEYBOARDInvokekeyboardfromM-file.

KEYBOARD,whenplacedinanM-file,stopsexecutionofthefile

andgivescontroltotheuser'skeyboard.Thespecialstatusis

indicatedbyaKappearingbeforetheprompt.Variablesmaybe

examinedorchanged-allMATLABcommandsarevalid.Thekeyboard

modeisterminatedbyexecutingthecommandRETURN（i.e.typing

thesixlettersR-E-T-U-R-Nandpressingthereturnkey.Control

returnstotheinvokingM-file.

DBQUITcanalsobeusedtogetoutofkeyboardmodebutinthiscase

theinvokingM-fileisterminated.

ThekeyboardmodeisusefulfordebuggingyourM-files.

Seealsodbquit,dbstop,return,input.

ReferencepageinHelpbrowserdockeyboard

dbquit:

Quitdebugmode.

TheDBQUITcommandimmediatelyterminatesdebugmodeandreturns

controltothebaseworkspaceprompt.TheM-filebeingprocessed

isNOTcompletedandnoresultsarereturned.

Seealsodbstop,dbcont,dbstep,dbclear,dbtype,dbstack,dbup,

dbdown,anddbstatus.

ReferencepageinHelpbrowserdocdbquit

dbstop:

Setbreakpoint.

TheDBSTOPcommandisusedtotemporarilystoptheexecutionofanM-file

andgivetheuseranopportunitytoexaminethelocalworkspace.Thereare

severalformstothiscommand.Theyare:

（1DBSTOPinMFILEatLINENO

（2DBSTOPinMFILEatLINENO@

（3DBSTOPinMFILEatLINENO@N

（4DBSTOPinMFILEatSUBFUN

（5DBSTOPinMFILE

（6DBSTOPinMFILEatLINENOifEXPRESSION

（7DBSTOPinMFILEatLINENO@ifEXPRESSION

（8DBSTOPinMFILEatLINENO@NifEXPRESSION

（9DBSTOPinMFILEatSUBFUNifEXPRESSION

（10DBSTOPinMFILEifEXPRESSION

（11DBSTOPiferror

（12DBSTOPifcaughterror

（13DBSTOPifwarning

（14DBSTOPifnaninforDBSTOPifinfnan

（15DBSTOPiferrorIDENTIFIER

（16DBSTOPifcaughterrorIDENTIFIER

（17DBSTOPifwarningIDENTIFIER

MFILEmustbethenameofanM-fileoraMATLABPATH-relativepartial

pathname（seePARTIALPATH.LINENOisalinenumberwithinMFILE,Nisan

integerspecifyingtheNthanonymousfunctionontheline,andSUBFUN

isthenameofasubfunctionwithinMFILE.EXPRESSIONisastringcontaining

aevaluatableconditionalexpression.IDENTIFIERisaMATLABMessage

Identifier（seehelpforERRORforadescriptionofmessage

identifiers.TheATandINkeywordsareoptional.

Theformsbehaveasfollows:

（1StopsatthespecifiedlinenumberinMFILE.

（2Stopsjustafteranycalltothefirstanonymousfunction

inthespecifiedlinenumberinMFILE.

（3As（2,butjustafteranycalltotheNthanonymousfunction.

（4StopsatthespecifiedsubfunctionofMFILE.

（5StopsatthefirstexecutablelineinMFILE.

（6-10As（1-（5,exceptonlystopsifEXPRESSIONevaluatesto

true.EXPRESSIONisevaluated（asifbyEVALinMFILE'sworkspace

whenthebreakpointisencountered,andmustevaluatetoascalar

logicalvalue（trueorfalse.

（11CausesastopinanyM-filefunctioncausingarun-timeerrorthat

wouldnotbedetectedwithinaTRY...CATCHblock.

YoucannotresumeM-fileexecutionafteranuncaughtrun-timeerror.

（12CausesastopinanyM-filefunctioncausingarun-timeerrorthat

wouldbedetectedwithinaTRY...CATCHblock.YoucanresumeM-file

executionafteracaughtrun-timeerror.

（13CausesastopinanyM-filefunctioncausingarun-timewarning.

（14CausesastopinanyM-filefunctionwhereaninfinitevalue（Inf

orNot-a-Number（NaNisdetected.

（15-17As（11-（13,exceptthatMATLABonlystopsonanerrororwarning

whosemessageidentifierisIDENTIFIER.（IfIDENTIFIERisthespecial

string'all',thentheseusesbehaveexactlylike（11-（13.

WhenMATLABreachesabreakpoint,itentersdebugmode.Thepromptchanges

toaK>>and,dependingonthe"OpenM-FileswhenDebugging"settinginthe

Debugmenu,thedebuggerwindowmaybecomeactive.AnyMATLABcommandis

allowedattheprompt.ToresumeM-fileexecution,useDBCONTorDBSTEP.To

exitfromthedebugger,useDBQUIT.

dbclear:

Removebreakpoint.

TheDBCLEARcommandremovesthebreakpointsetbyacorrespondingDBSTOP

command.Thereareseveralformstothiscommand.Theyare:

（1DBCLEARinMFILEatLINENO

（2DBCLEARinMFILEatLINENO@

（3DBCLEARinMFILEatLINENO@N

（4DBCLEARinMFILEatSUBFUN

（5DBCLEARinMFILE

（6DBCLEARifERROR

（7DBCLEARifCAUGHTERROR

（8DBCLEARifWARNING

（9DBCLEARifNANINForDBCLEARifINFNAN

（10DBCLEARifERRORIDENTIFIER

（11DBCLEARifCAUGHTERRORIDENTIFIER

（12DBCLEARifWARNINGIDENTIFIER

（13DBCLEARALL

MFILEmustbethenameofanM-fileoraMATLABPATH-relativepartial

pathname（seePARTIALPATH.LINENOisalinenumberwithinMFILE,andSUBFUN

isthenameofasubfunctionwithinMFILE.IDENTIFIERisaMATLABMessage

Identifier（seehelpforERRORforadescriptionofmessage

identifiers.TheATandINkeywordsareoptional.

Theseveralformsbehaveasfollows:

（1RemovesthebreakpointatlineLINENOinMFILE.

（2RemovesthebreakpointinthefirstanonymousfunctionatlineLINENO

inMFILE.

（3RemovesthebreakpointintheNthanonymousfunctionatlineLINENO

inMFILE.（Usethiswhenthereismorethanoneanonymousfunction

onthesameline.

（4RemovesallbreakpointsinthespecifiedsubfunctionofMFILE.

（5RemovesallbreakpointsinMFILE.

（6ClearstheDBSTOPIFERRORstatementandanyDBSTOPIFERROR

IDENTIFIERstatements,ifset.

（7ClearstheDBSTOPIFCAUGHTERRORstatement,andanyDBSTOPIFCAUGHT

ERRORIDENTIFIERstatements,ifset.

（8ClearstheDBSTOPIFWARNINGstatement,andanyDBSTOPIFWARNING

IDENTIFIERstatements,ifset.

（9ClearstheDBSTOPoninfinitiesandNaNs,ifset.

（10ClearstheDBSTOPIFERRORIDENTIFIERstatementforthespecified

IDENTIFIER.Itisanerrortoclearthissettingonaspecific

identifierifDBSTOPIFERRORorDBSTOPIFERRORALLisset.

（11ClearstheDBSTOPIFCAUGHTERRORIDENTIFIERstatementforthespecified

IDENTIFIER.Itisanerrortoclearthissettingonaspecific

identifierifDBSTOPifcaughterrororDBSTOPifcaughtERRORall

isset.

（12ClearstheDBSTOPIFWARNINGIDENTIFIERstatementforthespecified

IDENTIFIER.Itisanerrortoclearthissettingonaspecific

identifierifDBSTOPIFWARNINGorDBSTOPIFWARNINGALLisset.

（13RemovesallbreakpointsinallM-files,aswellasthosementionedin

（6-（9above.

Seealsodbstep,dbstop,dbcont,dbtype,dbstack,dbup,dbdown,dbstatus,dbquit,error,partialpath,try,warning.

ReferencepageinHelpbrowserdocdbclear

dbcont:

Continueexecution.

TheDBCONTcommandresumesexecutionofanM-filefollowingastopin

executioncausedbyeitheraDBSTOPorDBSTEPcommand.Executionwill

continueuntileitheranotherbreakpointisencountered,anerror

occurs,orMATLABreturnstothebaseworkspaceprompt.

Seealsodbquit,dbstep,dbstop,dbclear,dbtype,dbstack,dbup,dbdown,dbstatus.

ReferencepageinHelpbrowser

docdbcont

dbstatus:

Listallbreakpoints.

DBSTATUS,byitself,displaysalistofallthebreakpointsthedebugger

knowsaboutincludingERROR,CAUGHTERROR,WARNING,andNANINF.

DBSTATUSMFILEdisplaysthebreakpointssetforthespecifiedM-file.MFILE

mustbethenameofanm-filefunctionoraMATLABPATHrelativepartial

pathname（seePARTIALPATH.

DBSTATUS（'-completenames'outputsthe"completename"ofeachfunction.

Acompletenameincludestheabsolutefilenameandtheentiresequenceof

functionsthatnestthefunctioninwhichabreakpointisset.

S=DBSTATUS（...returnsthebreakpointinformationinanM-by-1

structurewiththefields:

name--functionname.

file--fullnameofthefilecontainingbreakpoint（s.

line--vectorofbreakpointlinenumbers.

anonymous--integervector,eachelementofwhichcorrespondstoanelementofthe'line'field.Eachpositiveelementrepresentsabreakpointinthebodyofananonymousfunctiononthatline.Forexample,abreakpointinthebodyofthesecondanonymousfunctiononthelineresultsinthevalue2inthisvector.Ifanelementis0,thebreakpointisatthebeginningoftheline,i.e.,notinananonymousfunction.expression--cellvectorofbreakpointconditionalexpressionstringscorrespondingtolinesinthe'line'field.cond--conditionstring（'error','caughterror','warning',or'naninf'.identifier--whencondisoneof'error','caughterror',or'warning',acellvectorofMATLABMessageIdentifierstringsforwhichtheparticularcondstateisset.Seealsodbstep,dbstop,dbcont,dbclear,dbtype,dbstack,dbup,dbdown,dbquit,error,partialpath,warning.ReferencepageinHelpbrowserdocdbstatusdbstack:

Displayfunctioncallstack.TheDBSTACKcommanddisplaystheM-filefunctionnameandlinenumberwherethebreakpointoccurred,thenameandlinenumberoftheM-filecaller,thecaller'scaller,etc.,untilthetop-mostM-filefunctionisreached.DBSTACK（NomitsfromthedisplaythefirstNframes.Thisisusefulwhenissuingadbstackfromwithin,say,anerrorhandler.DBSTACK（'-completenames'outputsthe"completename"ofeachfunctioninthestack,whichmeanstheabsolutefilenameandtheentiresequenceoffunctionsthatnestthefunctioninthestackframe.Eithernone,one,orbothoftheNand'-completenames'mayappear.Ifbothappear,theorderisirrelevant.[ST,I]=DBSTACKreturnsthestacktraceinformationinanM-by-16

structureSTwiththefields:

file--thefileinwhichthefunctionappears;thisfieldwillbetheemptystringifthereisnofile.name--functionnamewithinthefileline--functionlinenumberThecurrentworkspaceindexisreturnedinI.IfyousteppasttheendofanM-file,thenDBSTACKreturnsanegativelinenumbervaluetoidentifythatspecialcase.Forexample,ifthelastlinetobeexecutedisline15,thentheDBSTACKlinenumberis15beforeyouexecutethatlineand-15afterwards.Seealso