全国职称英语等级考试全真模拟题 理工类A级1.docx

全国职称英语等级考试全真模拟题 理工类A级1.docx

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全国职称英语等级考试全真模拟题理工类A级1

全国职称英语等级考试全真模拟题理工类A级

（一）

第一部分：

词汇选项（第1~15题，每题1分，共15分）

下面共有15个句子，每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请从每个句子后面所给的4个选项中选择1个与划线部分意义最相近的词或短语。

答案一律涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

1.Thatproblemissecondarytotheonenowfacingus.

A）lessimportantthan

B）laterthan

C）betterthan

D）moreexcitingthan

2.Itisdifficulttoassesstheimportanceofthedecision.

A）comment

B）report

C）discuss

D）evaluate

3.Youmusttrytowipeoutthememoryofthesehorribleevents.

A）unfair

B）strange

C）terrible

D）unusual

4.HespokeinsuchapleasantmannerthatIfeltateasewithhimatonce.

A）confident

B）relaxing

C）formal

D）comfortable

5.Heworkedsohardthateventuallyhefellill.

A）finally

B）recently

C）then

D）surely

6.Hethoughtitbettertobeginworkingimmediately.

A）recently

B）atonce

C）early

D）rapidly

7.Shealwaysfindsfaultwitheverything.

A）simplifies

B）examines

C）evaluates

D）criticizes

8.Shehasasteadyincome.

A）sharp

B）continuous

C）general

D）relative

9.,Sometimesitisadvisabletobookhotelsinadvance.

A）easy

B）profitable

C）wise

D）possible

10.Thereasonfortheirunusualbehaviorremainsapuzzle.

A）statement

B）game

C）mystery

D）fact

11.Theydepictedthethrillingsituationtousingreatdetail.

A）praises

B）writes

C）imitates

D）describes

12.WilliamFaulkner’sstoriesreflecthisMississippiupbringing.

A）show

B）cover

C）visit

D）appear

13.AccordingtotheAmericanRedCross,bloodandplasmadonorsareurgentlyneededafternaturaldisastersorothercatastrophes.

A）typically

B）desperately

C）tentatively

D）conceivably

14.DumpedwastemightcontaminateWatersupplies.

A）delay

B）destroy

C）decrease

D）pollute

15.Afterlisteningtothetestimony,themembersofthejurydeliveredtheirverdict.

A）foreman

B）decision

C）crossexamination

D）sentence

第二部分：

阅读判断（第16~22题，每题1分，共7分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。

如果该句提供的是正确信息，请在答题卡上把A涂黑；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请在答题卡上把B涂黑；如果该句的信息在文章中没有提及，请在答题卡上把C涂黑。

GreenRoofResearch

　　Theconceptofgreenroofsisbasicallyaboutgrowingplantsonroofs，thushelpingtoreplacethegreenfootprintthathadbeendestroyedduetotheconstructionofthebuilding.Greenroofsarethemostprevalent（流行）inGermany，whichiswidelyregardedastheleaderingreenroofresearch.

　　Thegreenroofsthatareusedthesedayscanbeclassifiedas'extensive'and

　　'intensive'systems.Extensivegreenroofsusemosses，grassesandherbs，whicharetoleranttodroughts.TheseplantsdonotReedmuchmaintenance.canbegrowninalayerofsubstrate（土层）thatcanbeasshallowasl.5inches，andgenerallyareinaccessibletothepublic.Incontrast,awiderangeofspeciesofplantsaregrownonintensivegreenroofs，suchasshrubs（灌木）andeventrees，whichrequiredeepersubstratelayers，andareusuallygrownonflatroofs.Theyneedintensivemaintenance,andareusuallyareasthatresembleparkswhichareaccessibletopeople.

　　Thereareseveralbenefitsofadoptinggreenrooftechnologies.Apartfromtheobviouspsychologicalandaesthetic（美学的）benefitsofgarden-likeenvironmentssurroundingyou，someofthecommoneconomicandecologicalbenefitsare：

areductionintheconsumptionofenergy；airandwaterpurification；recoveringgreenspaces；andthemitigation（缓解）oftheheatislandeffectinurbanareas.

　　Thegreenroofresearchthatiscurrentlyongoingisfocusedonevaluatingthespeciesofplantsthataresuitabletobegrownonroofs，themethodsofpropagation（繁殖）aswellasestablishment，nutrient（养料）andwaterrequirement，substrates，andthequantityandqualityofwaterrunoff.Theevaluationcriteriaofplantspeciesare：

atwhatratetheycanbeestablished：

theircapacitytowithstandinvasiveweeds：

toleranceofcoldandheat:

toleranceofdroughtconditions:

capacityofpersistenceandsurvival.

　　Anumberofexperimentsarebeingconductedonroofplatformsimulationsatvariousresearchcenters.Thesesitesaregenerallyoutfittedwithequipment，whichareusedtomeasuretemperaturesatdifferentdepthsofthegrowingsubstrates,andtherateandvolumeoftherunoffofstormwatersfromeachoftheplatforms.

　　Greenrooftechnologyisrepresentativeofacompletelynewmarketforlandscapecontractors.Andallroofsthatcurrentlyexistandthefutureonestobeconstructedarethepotentialmarket-amarketthatistoohugetobeoverlooked.

　　16Itisestimatedthataround10percentoftheflatroofsinGermanyaregreen.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　17Germanpeoplepreferextensivegreenroofsystemstointensiveones.

ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　18Smallplantslikegrassesandherbsaregrownwidelyonintensivegreenroofs.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　19Greenroofisanecologicallysoundstrategyofspreadinggreeninurbanareas.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　200neofthebenefitsofgreenroofsisthereductionoftheheatislandeffectincities.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　210nefocus；nthegreenroofresearchistheevaluationofsuitableplantspecies.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

　　22Althoughgreenrooftechnologycancreateagarden-likeenvironment，itspotentialmarketisrathersmall.

　　ARightBWrongCNotmentioned

第三部分：

概括大意与完成句子（第23~30题，每题1分，共8分）

阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有2项测试任务：

（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2，3，5，6段每段选择1个正确的小标题；

（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中选择4个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。

请将答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

MoreThan8HoursSleepTooMuchofaGoodThing

　　Althoughthedangersoftoolittlesleeparewidelyknown，newresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewhosleeptoomuchmayalsosuffertheconsequences．

　　InvestigatorsattheUniversityofCaliforniainSanDiegofoundthatpeoplewhoclockup9or10hourseachweeknightappeartohavemoretroublefallingandstayingasleep，aswellasanumberofothersleepproblems，thanpeoplewhosleep8hoursanight．Peoplewhosleptonly7hourseachnightalsosaidtheyhadmoretroublefallingasleepandfeelingrefreshedafteranight’ssleepthan8-hoursleepers．

　　Thesefindings,whichDLDanielKripkereportedinthejournalPsychosomaticMedicine,demonstratethatpeoplewhowanttogetagoodnight’srestmaynotneedtosetaside。

morethan8hoursanight．Headdedthat“itmightbeagoodidea'’forpeoplewhosleepmorethan8hourseachnighttoconsiderreducingtheamountoftimetheyspendinbed,butcautionedthatmoreresearchisneededtoconfirmthis．

　　Previousstudieshaveshownthepotentialdangersofchronicshortagesofsleep一forinstance,onereportdemonstratedthatpeoplewhohabituallysleeplessthan7hourseachnighthaveahigherriskofdyingwithinafixedperiodthanpeoplewhosleepmore．

　　Forthecurrentreport，Kripkereviewedtheresponsesof1，004adultstosleepquestionnaires，inwhichparticipantsindicatedhowmuchtheysleptduringtheWeekandwhethertheyexperiencedanysleepproblems．Sleepproblemsincludedwakinginthemiddleofthenight，arisingearlyinthemorningandbeingunabletofallbacktosleep，andhavingfatigueinterferewithday-to-dayfunctioning．

　　KriDkefoundthatpeoplewhosleptbetween9and10hourseachnightweremorelikelytoreportexperiencingeachsleepproblemthanpeoplewhoslept8hours．Inaninterview,Kripkenotedthatlongsleepersmaystruggletogetrestatnightsimplybecausetheyspendtoomuchtimeinbed．Asevidence，headdedthatonewaytohelpinsomniaistospendlesstimeinbed．“Itstandstoreasonthatifapersonspendstoolongatimeinbed,thenthey’llspendahigherpercentageoftimeawake．”hesaid．

　　23.Paragraph2___.

　　24.Paragraph4___.

　　25.Paragraph5___.

　　26.Paragraph6___.

　　A.Keprike’sresearchtool

　　B.DangersofHabitualshortagesofsleep

　　C.CriticismonKripke’sreport

　　D.Awayofovercominginsomnia

　　E.Sleepproblemsoflongandshortsleepers

　　F.Classificationofsleepproblems

　　27.Togetagoodnight’srest，peoplemaynotneedto___.

　　28.Longsleepersarereportedtobemorelikelyto___.

　　29.Oneofthesleepproblemsiswakinginthemiddleofthenight，unableto___.

　　30.Onesurveyshowedthatpeoplewhohabitually___eachnighthaveahigherriskofdying．

　　Afallasleepagain．

　　Bbecomemoreenergeticthefollowingday

　　Csleeplessthan7hours

　　Dconfirmthoseseriousconsequences

　　Esuffersleepproblems

　　Fsleepmorethan8hours

第四部分：

阅读理解（第31~45题，每题3分，共45分）

下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道题，每题后面有4个选项。

请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从4个选项中选择1个最佳答案涂在答题卡相应的位置上。

第一篇AntsHaveBigImpactonEnvironmentas“EcosystemEngineers”

　　ResearchbytheUniversityofExeter1hasrevealedthatantshaveabigimpactontheirlocalenvironmentasaresultoftheiractivityas“ecosystemengineers”andpredators.Thestudy,publishedintheJournalofAnimalEcology,foundthatantshavetwodistincteffectsontheirlocalenvironment.

　　Firstly,throughmovingofsoilbynestbuilding2activityandbycollectingfoodtheyaffectthelevelofnutrientsinthesoil.Thiscanindirectlyimpactthelocalpopulationsofmanyanimalgroups,fromdecomposerstospeciesmuchhigherupthefoodchain.

　　Secondly,theypreyonawiderangeofotheranimals,includinglargerpreywhichcanbeattackedbyvastnumbersofantworkers.

　　DirkSanders,anauthorofthestudyfromtheuniversity'sCentreforEcologyandConservation,said:

“Antsareveryeffectivepredatorswhichthriveinhugenumbers.They'realsoveryterritorial3andveryaggressive,defendingtheirresourcesandterritoryagainstotherpredators.Allofthismeanstheyhaveastronginfluenceontheirsurroundingarea.”

　　“Inthisresearch,westudiedforthefirsttimehowbigthisimpactisandthesubtletiesofit.Whatwefoundisthatdespitebeingpredators,theirpresencecanalsoleadtoanincreaseindensit