高中英语人教版 选修105 阶段质量检测 b卷 能力素养提升 含答案.docx

高中英语人教版 选修105 阶段质量检测 b卷 能力素养提升 含答案.docx

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高中英语人教版选修105阶段质量检测b卷能力素养提升含答案

B卷　能力素养提升

【说明】　本试卷满分120分，考试时间100分钟

Ⅰ.阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

A

Overtheyears,therecommendationsofmyfriendPhiliphaveledmetoworkwiththreeofmyfavoriteclients（客户）.Iamcertainthatmyrelationshipswiththesethreeclientshavehelpedmemeetmanyotherwonderfulpeople.Needlesstosay,IowePhilipalot.Withouthim,theserelationshipswouldn’thavehappened.

Philipisbright,friendly,andinspiring.Sometimeshisideaspayoffinahugeway.Heisverysuccessful.Butthisbrilliant,creative,friendlymanhasabitofdifficultywhenitcomestosmallcommitments.Theselittlebehaviorsareannoyingthings—lastminutecancellations,missedphonecalls,andthelike.Whiletheydotroublemylifealittlebit,it’snothingreallymajorthatwouldmakemebackoutoftherelationship.Philipalwaysapologizesfortheseminordefects.Ialwaysaccepthisapology.WhenItakeallthegoodthingsandweighthemagainstthetimeshe’sletmedown,heissofaraheadthathegetsa“lifetimepass”.And,Itellhimso.WhenIdo,hefeelsgoodandIfeelbetterforforgivinghim.Tothisday,wearefriends.IamhisfriendbecausewhenIconsidersomeone’sactions,Iaskmyself,“AmIbetterofforworseoffbecauseofhavingthispersoninmylife？

”

WithPhilip,theanswerhasalwaysbeen,andwillalwaysbe,inhisfavor.PhiliphasbeensuchagoodfriendandhavinghiminmylifehasbeensuchagoodthingthatIamgrateful.Thiswillalwaysoverride（忽略）anyofhis“negative”behaviors.That’salifetimepass.Howmanypeopledoyouhaveinyourlifetowhomyouhavegivenalifetimepass?

Isthenumberhighorlowinyouropinion?

Mostpeoplewantahighernumber.

语篇解读：

本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了“我”的朋友Philip的优缺点以及他在“我”的生活中所起的作用。

1．WhydoesthewriterowePhilipalot?

A．BecausePhiliphasnevertroubledhimasagoodfriend.

B．BecausePhiliphassolvedmanyofhisannoyingproblems.

C．BecausePhiliphashelpedhimmeetmanywonderfulpeople.

D．BecausePhiliphasofferedhimmanygoodideasthatworkwell.

解析：

选C　细节理解题。

根据第一段第一、二句“Overtheyears,therecommendations...meetmanyotherwonderfulpeople.”可知，因为Philip，“我”遇到了许多极棒的人。

故答案选C。

2．WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribePhilip?

A．Everydoghasitsday.

B．Allthatglittersisnotgold.

C．Therearespotsevenonthesun.

D．Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.

解析：

选C　推理判断题。

A项意为“凡人都有得意日”；B项意为“闪光的不都是金子”；C项意为“人无完人”；D项意为“患难之交才是真朋友”。

根据第二段中的“Philipisbright...missedphonecalls,andthelike.”可知，Philip有优点也有缺点。

由此可推知，人无完人。

故答案选C。

3．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“defects”inPara.2mean?

A．Praisethatyougivetosomeoneforsomethingtheyhavedone.

B．Afaultoralackofsomethingthatmeansthatsomethingisnotperfect.

C．Somethingthatyouweartochangeyourappearanceandhidewhoyouare.

D．Averystrongfeelingthatalmostmakesyousick,causedbysomethingunpleasant.

解析：

选B　词义猜测题。

根据第二段“Theselittlebehaviorsareannoyingthings—lastminutecancellations,missedphonecalls,andthelike.”以及本词所在的句子可知，他总是为这些小缺点道歉。

所以defect意为“瑕疵，缺点”。

故答案选B。

4．What’sthebesttitleforthetext?

A．ThanksandApologizes

B．AHigherNumberforMostPeople

C．AGoodFriend’sNegativeBehaviors

D．MyFriendPhilipandtheLifetimePass

解析：

选D　标题归纳题。

纵观全文可知，文章主要讲述了“我”的朋友Philip在“我”的生活中所起的作用。

D项概括了文章主旨。

故答案选D。

B

Hybridcars（混合动力车）arecarsthatrunonpetrolandelectricity.Theyhaveasmallstandardpetrolengineandabatteryelectricmotortoprovideelectricpower.

Therearesomedifferencesbetweendifferentmodelsofhybridcars,butthegeneralprincipleisthatthecarrunsonpetrol,andtheelectricmotorkicksinwhenadditionalpowerisrequired,forexample,whengoinguphilloraccelerating.Insomehybridcarsthepetrolengineturnsitselfoffwhennotneeded,forexamplewhenthecarhasstoppedattrafficlights,keepingonlytheelectricenginerunning.

Conventionalcarshavelargeenginestodealwithdrivinguphillandaccelerating.Hybridcarshavemuchsmallerpetrolengines,improvedbyelectricmotorswhenneeded,sotheyuselesspetrol.Anotherwaythatfuelconsumptioniscutisbyasystemof“regenerative（再生的）braking”.Theelectricmotorisusedtoslowdownthecar,ratherthanconventionalbrakes.Theenergyproducedbyslowingthecarischangedintoelectricalpower,whichisautomaticallystoredinthebattery.Ineffect,thebatteryrechargeswhenyoubrake.Inconventionalcarstheenergyproducedwhenbrakingiswasted.

In1928,FerdinandPorschebuiltanexperimentalhybridcar.Thefirstmassproducedhybridcar,theToyotaPrius,cameoutinJapanattheendof1997.However,hybridcarsbecameavailableintheUSAonlyin1999.Astheyuselessfuel,hybridcarsarecheapertorun.Therearealsomanyvoicesinplacetoencouragepeopletobuythem.Insomecountries,hybridcarownerspayalowerrateoftax,anddon’thavetopayoncertainroads.Insomecities,hybridcarsareallowedtoparkforfree.

语篇解读：

本文是一篇科普说明文。

文章介绍了以汽油和电为动力的混合动力车，它是一种节约能源的汽车。

5．Hybridcarsconsumelessenergythanconventionalcarsbecausehybridcarshave________.

A．largeenginestodealwithaccelerating

B．conventionalbrakestoslowdownthecar

C．noenergyconsumptionwhenstopping

D．electricpowertoassistwhenneeded

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

根据第三段第二句“Hybridcarshavemuchsmaller...uselesspetrol.”可知，混合动力车必要时有电力支持，所以消耗较少的能源。

6．Inregenerativebraking,________.

A．theconventionalbrakesareusedtoslowdownthecar

B．energywastedinconventionalcarsisstoredinthebattery

C．thebatterychargesitselfwhenthecarisaccelerating

D．thepetrolengineisusuallyturnedoffautomatically

解析：

选B　细节理解题。

根据第三段可知，混合动力车用电动马达减速而不是用传统的刹车，电动马达降低车速时产生的电能会被自动储存在电池里，而传统汽车浪费了刹车时产生的能量，由此可知B项表述正确。

7．Fromthelastparagraphwecanlearnthathybridcars________.

A．willgainmorepopularity

B．werefirstavailableintheUSA

C．freetheirownersfromtax

D．arefreetoparkanywhereinthecity

解析：

选A　推理判断题。

根据最后一段中的“Astheyuselessfuel,hybridcars...forfree.”可推知，使用混合动力车有很多好处，所以混合动力车会很受欢迎。

8．Themainpurposeofthistextisto________.

A．showhowhybridcarsslowdown

B．encouragepeopletobuyhybridcars

C．informpeopleofakindofenergysavingcar

D．explainwhyhybridcarsuselessenergy

解析：

选C　写作意图题。

本文主要介绍了一种节约能源的车——混合动力车，故应选择C。

C

Completethefollowingsentence：

“Yougotothelibrarytocheckout...？

”Theobviousansweris“books”．Butaharderquestionmightbe,“Whatdowemeanby’books’？

”Nowadays,electronicbooks,or“ebooks”，havebecomemoreandmorepopularinAmericansociety.

ThebiggestonlinebooksellerAmazon,forexample,recentlyannouncedthatlessthanfouryearsafterintroducingthemtoitscatalog,itisnowsellingmoreelectronicversionsofitsbooktitlesthanprintedones.

Lastweek,PewInternetProjectreleasedasurveyabouttheuseofebooksbylibrarycustomers.Itfoundthat12%ofAmericansaged16andolderwhoreadebookssaytheyhadborrowedatleastonefromalibrarywithinthepastyear.Butthesurveyfoundthatthebroaderpublic,including58%ofthosewhohavelibrarycardsand53%ofpeoplewhoownelectronicbookreaders,arenotawarethattheycanfindandcheckoutebooksfrompubliclibraries,eventhoughthreequartersofthelibrariesofferthatservice.

PewInternetProjectdirectorLeeRainienotedthatebookborrowingisbecomingmorepopularatthesametimethatpublishers,whoaresellingplentyofebooksandfewerhardcopyeditions,areworriedthatfreeebookcheckoutsatthelibrarywillhurtsales.InFebruary,forexample,thebigpublisherPenguinBooksstoppedsupplyingnewebooksandaudiobookstolibraries.PenguinjustreachedanagreementtoresumesupplyingonebiglibrarysysteminNewYorkCitybutnotuntilsixmonthsafternewtitlesarereleased.Thatway,thosewhowantthelatestbookswillhavetobuythem.

Sothingsarealittlemurky（阴暗的）inthelibraryworldwhenitcomestoelectronicbooks.Moreandmorecustomerswantthem,butpublishersaregivingthelibrariesahardtimeaboutofferingthem.Demandisnottheproblem.Supplymaysoonbe.

9．Whatisthefunctionofthetwoquestionsinthefirstparagraph?

A．Tointroducethetopicofthepassage.

B．Tostressthepopularityofebooks.

C．Toshowwhattheauthorcaresabout.

D．Toremindusofthechangeatthelibrary.

解析：

选A　推理判断题。

从第一段的两个问题和文章的内容可知，通过第一段的两个问题，作者引出了自己即将在文章中讨论的话题，故选A项。

10．AccordingtoParagraph2,whatcanweknowaboutAmazon?

A．Ithassoldebooksforfiveyears.

B．Itsebooksarecheaperthanprintedbooks.

C．Ithasthebestebooksamongalllibraries.

D．Itsebookssellbetterthanprintedbooks.

解析：

选D　细节理解题。

从第二段中的“itisnowsellingmoreelectronicversionsofitsbooktitlesthanprintedones”可知它的电子书比纸质书畅销。

11．WeknowfromthesurveydonebyPewInternetProjectthat________.

A．fewlibrarycustomersknowhowtoreadebooks

B．thepromotionaleffortatebookreadersisnotbigenough

C．librarycustomersshouldberemindedabouttheebookservice

D．morelibrarycardsshouldbeofferedtoreadersfreeofcharge

解析：

选C　细节理解题。

从第三段的内容可知，很多人还不知道他们可以在图书馆里借阅电子书，因此图书馆应该多推广电子书的借阅，故选C项。

12．WhydidPenguinBooksNOTsupplynewebookstolibraries?

A．Becausetheyarenotallowedtoofferebooks.

B．Becausetheywantedtoincreasethesalesofprintedbooks.

C．Becausetheydidn’twanttheirebookstobecopied.

D．Becausetheirproductswerenotwelcomedthere.

解析：

选B　细节理解题。

从第四段的“freeebookcheckoutsatthelibrarywillhurtsales”和“Thatway,thosewhowantthelatestbookswillhavetobuythem.”这两句话可知，PenguinBooks停止向图书馆提供电子书是为了保证纸质书的销售，故选B项。

D

Youknowhowwonderfulyouare,andyouknowthatothersknowhowwonderfulyouare,butwhatdoyoudowhenadmirationcrossesoverthelineintojealousy（嫉妒）?

Formostteenstherewillcomeadaywhenyourealizethatoneofyourfriendsisjealousandthatthis