英语六级真题听力原文二.docx

英语六级真题听力原文二.docx

《英语六级真题听力原文二.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《英语六级真题听力原文二.docx（5页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

英语六级真题听力原文二

2016年6月英语六级真题听力原文

（二）

D

W:

Nostoppingtosnifftheroses?

M:

Well,I’lldothatinmypersonallife.Sure.Butasabusinessstrategy,I’mafraidthereisnostopping.

M:

Whatexactlyisstrategicinnovationthen?

W:

Strategicinnovationistheprocessofmanaginginnovation,ofmakingsureittakesplaceatalllevelsofthecompany,andthatisrelatedtothecompany’soverallstrategy.

W:

Isee.

M:

So,insteadofinnovationforinnovation’ssakeandnewproductsbeingcreatedsimplybecausethetechnologyisthere,thecompanyculturemustswitchfromthesepointing-timeinnovationstocontinuouspipelineofinnovationsfromeverywhereandeveryone.

W:

Howdidyoualignstrategiesthroughoutthecompany?

M:

Isoonbecameawarethatcampaigningisuseless.Peopletakenonotice.Simplyitcameaboutthroughgoodpracticetricklingdown.Thisbuiltconsent.Peoplecouldseeitwasthebestwaytowork.

W:

Doesinnovationontheskillreallygiveacompetitiveadvantage?

M:

Iamcertainofit,absolutely,especiallyifit’sdifficultforacompetitortocopy.（4）Theriskisofcoursethatinnovationmayfrequentlyleadtoimitation.

W:

Butnotifit’sstrategic?

M:

Precisely.

W:

Thanksfortalkingtous.

M:

Sure.

Questions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

M:

（5）Today,myguestisDaynaIvanovichwhohasworkedforthelasttwentyyearsasaninterpreter.Dayna,welcome.

W:

Thankyou.

M:

Now,I’dliketobeginbysayingthatIhaveonoccasionsusedaninterpretermyselfasaforeigncorrespondent.（6）SoIamfullofadmirationforwhatyoudo,butIthinkyourprofessionissometimesunderrated,andmanypeoplethinkanyonewhospeaksmorethanonelanguagecandoit.

W:

（7）Therearen’tanyinterpretersIknowwhodon’thaveprofessionalqualificationsandtraining.Youonlyreallygetproficientaftermanyyearsinthejob.

M:

Imayberightinsayingyoucandividewhatyoudointotwodistinctmethods—simultaneousandconsecutiveinterpreting.

W:

That’sright.Thetechniquesyouusearedifferent,andalotofinterpreterswillsayoneiseasierthantheother,lessstressful.

M:

Simultaneousinterpreting,puttingsomeone’swordsintoanotherlanguagemoreorlessastheyspeak,soundstomelikethemoredifficult.

W:

Well,actuallyno.（8）Mostpeopleinthebusinesswouldagreethatconsecutiveinterpretingisthemorestressful.Youhavetowaitforthespeakertodeliverquiteachunkoflanguagebeforeyouthenputitintothesecondlanguage,whichputsyourshort-termmemoryunderintensestress.

M:

Youmakenotes,Ipresume.

W:

Absolutely,anythinglikenumbers,names,placeshavetobenoteddown.Buttherestisnevertranslatedwordforword.Youhavetofindawayofsummarizingit,sothatthemessageisthere.Turningeverysinglewordintothetargetlanguagewouldputtoomuchstrainontheinterpreterandslowdownthewholeprocesstoomuch.

M:

But,withsimultaneousinterpreting,youstarttranslatingalmostassoonastheotherpersonstartsspeaking.Youmusthavesomepreparationbeforehand.

W:

Well,hopefullythespeakerswillletyouhaveanoutlineofthetopicadayortwoinadvance.Youhavealittletimetodoresearch,preparetechnicalexpressionsandsoon.

SectionB

Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

（9）Mothershavebeenwarnedforyearsthatsleepingwiththeirnewborninfantisabadideabecauseitincreasestheriskthatthebabymightdieunexpectedlyduringthenight.ButnowIsraeliresearchersarereportingthatevensleepinginthesameroomcanhavenegativeconsequences:

notforthechild,butforthemother.（10）Motherswhosleptinthesameroomastheirinfants,whetherinthesamebedorjustthesameroom,hadpoorersleepthanmotherswhosebabiessleptelsewhereinthehouse:

Theywokeupmorefrequently,wereawakeapproximately20minuteslongerpernight,andhadshorterperiodsofuninterruptedsleep.Theseresultsheldtrueeventakingintoaccountthatmanyofthewomeninthestudywerebreast-feedingtheirbabies.Infants,ontheotherhand,didn’tappeartohaveworsesleepwhethertheysleptinthesameordifferentroomfromtheirmothers.Theresearchersacknowledgethatsincethefamiliestheystudiedwereallmiddle-classIsraelis,it’spossibletheresultswouldbedifferentindifferentcultures.LeadauthorLiatTikotzkywroteinanemailthattheresearchteamalsodidn’tmeasurefathers’sleep,soit’spossiblethattheirsleeppatternscouldalsobecausingthesleepdisruptionsformoms.（11）Rightnow,toreducetheriskofsuddeninfantdeathsyndrome,theAmericanAcademyofPediatricsrecommendsthatmothersnotsleepinthesamebedastheirbabiesbutsleepinthesameroom.TheIsraelistudysuggeststhatdoingsomaybebestforthebaby,butmaytakeatollonmom.

Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

（12）TheUShasalreadylostmorethanathirdofthenativelanguagesthatexistedbeforeEuropeancolonization,andtheremaining192areclassedbyUNESCOasrangingbetween“unsafe”and“extinct”. （13）“Weneedmorefundingandmoreefforttoreturntheselanguagestoeverydayuse,”saysFredNahwooksyoftheNationalMuseumoftheAmericanIndian.“Wearemakingprogressbutmoneyneedstobespentonrevitalisinglanguages,notjustdocumentingthem.”Some40languages,mainlyinCaliforniaandOklahoma,wherethousandsofIndianswereforcedtorelocateinthe19thCentury,havefewerthan10nativespeakers.“Partoftheissueisthattribalgroupsthemselvesdon’talwaysbelievetheirlanguagesareendangereduntilthey’redowntothelasthandfulofspeakers.Butprogressisbeingmadethroughimmersionschools,becauseifyouteachchildrenwhenthey’reyoungitwillstaywiththemasadultsandthat’sthefuture,”saysMr.Nahwooksy,aComancheIndian.SuchschoolshavebecomeamodelinHawaii.Buttheislanders’locallanguageisstillclassedbyUNESCOas“criticallyendangered”becauseonly1,000peoplespeakit.（14）ThedeclineinAmericanIndianlanguageshashistoricalroots:

Inthemid-19thCentury,theUSgovernmentadoptedapolicyofAmericanisingIndianchildrenbyremovingthemfromtheirhomesandculture.Withinafewgenerationsmosthadforgottentheirnativetongues.（15）Anotherchallengetolanguagesurvivalistelevision.IthasbroughtEnglishintohomesandpushedouttraditionalstory-tellingandfamilytimetogether,acceleratingtheextinctionofnativelanguages.

SectionC

Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

GregRosenlosthisjobasasalesmanagernearlythreeyearsagoandisstillunemployed.

“Itliterallyislikesomethinginadream,torememberwhatit’sliketoactuallybeabletogoout,andputinaday’sworkandreceiveaday’spay.”

Atfirst,Rosenboughtgroceriesandmadehousepaymentswiththehelpfromunemploymentinsurance.（16）Itpayslaidoffworkersuptohalfoftheirpreviouswageswhiletheylookforwork.Butnow,thatinsurancehasrunoutforhim,andhehastomaketoughchoices.He’scutbackonmedicationsandhenolongerhelpssupporthisdisabledmother.

Itisadevastatingexperience.

NewresearchsaystheU.S.recessionisnowover,butmanypeopleremainunemployed.Andunemployedworkersfacedifficultodds.

Thereisliterallyonlyonejobopeningforeveryfiveunemployedworkers,sofouroutoffiveunemployedworkershaveactuallynochanceoffindinganewjob.

BusinesseshavedownsizedorshutdownacrossAmerica,leavingfewerjobopportunitiesforthoseinsearchofwork.ExpertswhomonitorunemploymentstatisticshereinBucksCounty,Pennsylvania,sayabout28,000peopleareunemployed,andmanyofthemarejoblessduetonofaultoftheirown.

（17）That’swheretheBucksCountyCareerLinkcomesin.LocaldirectorElizabethWalshsaystheyprovidetrainingandguidancetohelpunemployedworkersfindlocaljobopportunities.

“Sohere’sthejobopening,here’sthejobseeker,matchthemtogetherunderoneroof,”shesays.

ButthelackofworkopportunitiesinBucksCountylimitshowmuchshecanhelp.

RosensayshehopesCongresswilltakeaction.

Thismonthhelaunchedthe99ersUnion,anumbrellaorganizationof18Internet-basedgrassrootsgroupsof99ers.Theirgoalistoconvincelawmakerstoextendunemploymentbenefits.

ButPennsylvaniaStateRepresentativeScottPetrisaysgovernmentssimplydonothaveenoughmoneytoextendunemploymentinsurance.（18）Hethinksthebestwaytohelpthelong-termunemployedistoallowprivatecitizenstoinvestinlocalcompaniesthatcancreatemorejobs.Buttheboostininvestorconfidenceneededfortheplantoworkwilltaketime—timethatRosensaysstillrequireshimtobuyfoodandmakemonthlymortgagepayments.

Rosensayshe’llusethelastofhissavingstotrytohangontothehomeheworkedformorethan20yearstobuy.Butoncethatmoneyisgone,hesayshedoesn’tknowwhathe’lldo.

Questions19to22arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

（19）Earlierthisyear,BritishexplorerPenHadowandhisteamtrekkedforthreemonthsacrossthefrozenArcticOcean,takingmeasurementsandrecordingobservationsabouttheice.

“Well,we’dbeenledtobelievethatwewouldencounteragoodproportion,ofthisolder,thicker,technicallymulti-yearicethat’sbeenaroundforafewyearsandjustgetsthickerandthicker.Weactuallyfoundtherewasn’tanymulti-yeariceatall.”

（20）Satelliteobservationsandsubmarinesurveysoverthepastfewyearshadshownlessiceinthepolarregion,buttherecentmeasurementsshowthelossismorepronouncedthanpreviouslythought.

“We’relookingatroughly80percentlossoficecoverontheArcticOceanin10years,roughly10years,and100percentlossinnearly