学年高中英语unit3ahealthylifeperiodthreelearn.docx
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学年高中英语unit3ahealthylifeperiodthreelearn
PeriodThree LearningaboutLanguage&UsingLanguage
Ⅰ.写出下列单词的汉语意思(共10小题;每题2分,满分20分)
1.appendixn.附录;附件
2.slipperyadj.滑的
3.immuneadj.有免疫力的
4.sexn.性;性别
5.fluidn.流体;液体
6.injectvt.注射
7.spillvi.溢出;洒落;vt.使溢出;使洒落
8.homosexualn.同性恋;adj.同性恋的
9.abortionn.流产;中途失败
10.cigarn.雪茄烟
Ⅱ.写出下列汉语对应的英语单词(共10小题;每题3分,满分30分)
11.illegaladj.不合法的;违法的
12.pilln.药丸;药片
13.robberyn.抢劫;盗窃
14.survivaln.幸存→survivevi.幸存;活下来→survivorn.幸存者;生还者
15.needlen.针;(注射器的)针头
16.maleadj.男性的;雄性的;n.男人;雄性动(植)物→female(反义)adj.女性的;雌性的;n.女人;雌性的动(植)物
17.prejudicen.偏见;成见
18.judgementn.看法;判决;判断→judgev.判决
19.embarrassedadj.尴尬的;陷入困境的→embarrassingadj.令人尴尬的→embarrassv.使尴尬
20.awkwardadj.局促不安的;笨拙的
Ⅲ.写出下列短语(共10小题;每题2分,满分20分)
21.上气不接下气outofbreath
22.不顾;不管;尽管inspiteof
23.下定决心makeupone’smind
24.冒险takerisks/arisk
25.陷入;染上(坏习惯)getinto
26.处境危险;遭受危险atrisk
27.免疫系统immunesystem
28.抵抗疾病fightdisease
29.生存几率chancesofsurvival
30.受感染becomeinfected
Ⅳ.完成句子(共5小题;每题6分,满分30分)
31.YoucanhaveHIVinyourbloodforalongtime,buteventuallyHIVwilldamageyourimmunesystemsomuchthatyourbodycannolongerfightdisease.
在你的血液中,HIV病毒可以长期存在,但是它最终会使你的免疫系统严重受损,以致你的身体不能再抵抗疾病。
32.Donotshareanythingelsethatapersonhasusedwhileinjectingdrugs.
在注射药物时,不要使用别人用过的其他任何东西。
33.Thiswillpreventsexualfluidpassingfromonepersontoanother.
这样就会阻止体液从一个人传到另一个人身上。
34.ItisonlywhenthediseasehasprogressedtoAIDSthatapersonbeginstolooksick.
只有当这种病发展成为艾滋病时,一个人才会开始显出病态。
35.Womenareslightlymorelikelytobecomeinfectedthanmen.
女性感染病毒的可能性比男性稍微大一些。
Ⅰ.True(T)orFalse(F)
1.ItisdangeroustogetclosetoapersonwithAIDS.(F)
2.ItisverylikelythatyouwilldieifyoubecomeinfectedwithHIV.(T)
3.YoucanonlygetHIVfrominjectingdrugs.(F)
4.EvidenceshowsthatmengetAIDSmoreeasilythanwomen.(F)
5.Itcouldbedangeroustohavesexwithoutusingacondom.(T)
6.IfbloodorsexualfluidinfectedwithHIVgetsintosomeone’sbody,thatpersoncouldbecomeinfected.(T)
7.Youshouldn’thugapersonwithHIV/AIDS.(F)
8.ItiseasytotellwhetherapersonhasHIV/AIDS.(F)
Ⅱ.Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.
1.Theword“homosexuals”means“”.
A.peopleonlyattractedbythesamesex
B.peoplewhodon’tcareaboutthemselves
C.peoplewhoareverysexy
D.peoplewhooftenhavesex
答案 A
2.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.
A.HIVisequaltoAIDS
B.HIVisdifferentfromAIDS
C.HIVweakensaperson’simmunesystem
D.peoplecanhaveHIVintheirbloodforquitealongtime
答案 B
3.Inordertostaysafe,you.
A.shouldnotshareneedleswithsomeoneelse
B.havetoavoidusinganythingelsethatthepersonhasusedwhileinjectingdrugs
C.shoulduseacondomifyouhavesexwithanotherone
D.alloftheabove
答案 D
重点词汇
Hefelthehadtomakeuphismindoneverystepinsteadoftakingrisks.
他觉得他不得不每一步都要下定决心,而不能冒险。
takerisks/arisk冒险
※attheriskofdoing...冒着……的风险
atrisk处境危险;遭受危险
※risk(doing)sth.冒险(做)……;冒着……的风险
(1)Arescueworkerriskedhislifesavingtwotouristswhohadbeentrappedinthemountainsfortwodays.(2018·北京)
一位救援人员冒着生命危险救了两名被困在山里两天的游客。
(2)Yourhealthmightbeatriskduetomuchsmoking.由于吸烟过多,你的健康可能受到威胁。
(3)Hejumpedintotheriverattheriskoflosinghislife.他冒着生命危险跳进了河里。
(4)Wedon’twanttoriskbeingcaught(catch)inthetrafficjam.我们不想冒堵车的风险。
Ofcoursethebestwaytodealwiththesedrugsisnottogetintothehabitinthefirstplace!
当然,对付毒品的最好的方法是首先别养成吸毒的习惯!
getinto陷入;染上(坏习惯)
getawaywith逃脱惩罚
getalongwith进展;相处
getdownto开始认真做
getthrough通过;完成getover克服
(1)Whenhegotintotrouble,hisbestfriendhelpedhimout.
当他陷入麻烦时,他最好的朋友帮他走出了困境。
(2)Don’tbetemptedtocheat—you’llnevergetawaywithit.
别想着作弊——对作弊者会严惩不贷。
(3)Howareyougettingalongwithyournewclassmates?
你和你的新同学相处得怎么样?
(4)Themanislookingforawaytogetoverthedifficulty.这个人正在想办法克服困难。
IfyoudevelopAIDS,yourchancesofsurvivalareverysmall.
如果你得了艾滋病,生存的几率很小。
survivaln.[U]幸存;[C]残存物
※survivevt.&vi.生还;残存;比……活得长
surviveon...仅靠……维持生计
survivesb.by...比某人多活……
※survivorn.生存者;残存者;幸存者
(1)Forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvivalishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.(2017·北京)
对于突发性心力衰竭,存活的最好的机会是有人在附近迅速地做CPR。
(2)Sheistheonlysurvivorintheaccident.
她是这起事故中的唯一幸存者。
(3)Millionsofpeoplesurviveonaverylimiteddiet.
数百万人依靠非常有限的食物生存。
(4)Shesurvivedherhusbandbytwentyyears.
她比她的丈夫多活了二十年。
[单句改错]
(5)Luckily,mostofthepassengerssurvivedfromtheterribleaccident.
Beforeyoureadthistext,whatjudgementsdidyoumakeaboutpeoplewithHIV/AIDS?
在读这篇文章之前,你对HIV病毒携带者或者艾滋病患者作什么样的评价?
judgementn.看法;评价;判断;判决
※inone’sjudgement在某人看来
makeajudgement作出判断
※judgev.判定;判断;审判;n.法官;裁判
judgingfrom/by...根据……判断
(1)Thecompanywasfined
4million,followingarecentcourtjudgement.
根据最近的法庭判决,这家公司被罚款400万美元。
(2)Inmyjudgement,thisnewpolicyisverypractical.在我看来,这个新政策是非常实际的。
(3)Theexpertrefusedtomakeajudgementaboutthesituation.这位专家拒绝对形势作出判断。
(4)Judgingfrom/byhiswords,Icouldtellthathewashonest.
根据他的话判断,我知道他是诚实的。
ThensheofferedmeacigaretteandIfeltsoembarrassedandawkward.
然后她递给我一支烟,我感到很尴尬且局促不安。
embarrassedadj.尴尬的;陷入困境的
※be/feelembarrassedtodosth.对做某事感到尴尬
be/feelembarrassedabout/at...对……感到难为情/不知所措
※embarrassvt.使难堪,使尴尬
※embarrassingadj.令人尴尬的
※embarrassmentn.窘迫;尴尬
(1)Myfaceturnedredwithembarrassment.
我因为尴尬脸红了。
(2)Theyoungmanwasembarrassedtoadmit(admit)
cheatinginthetest.
这个年轻人尴尬地承认在测试中作弊了。
(3)Hisspeechwasfollowedbyanembarrassing(embarrass)silence.
他的讲话过后是一阵令人尴尬的沉默。
[高级表达]
(4)Itembarrassedherthatshefelldowninthepresenceoftheguests.
①Whatembarrassedherwasthatshefelldowninthepresenceoftheguests.(主语从句;embarrass)
②Shefelldowninthepresenceoftheguests,whichmadeherembarrassed.(定语从句;embarrassed)
经典句式
ItisonlywhenthediseasehasprogressedtoAIDSthatapersonbeginstolooksick.
只有当这种病发展成为艾滋病时,一个人才会开始显出病态。
本句为强调句型,对when引导的时间状语从句进行强调。
※强调句型的一般式结构为:
Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他。
※强调句型的一般疑问句结构为:
Is/Wasit+被强调部分+who/that+其他?
※强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为:
特殊疑问词+is/wasitthat+其他?
(强调句型的特殊疑问句只能强调特殊疑问词。
)
※判断强调句型的方法:
将强调结构去掉,如果句子仍然正确,则是强调句型,否则就不是。
(1)Itwasthemanthat/whohelpedmeoutwhenIwasintrouble.我处于困境时,是这个人帮助了我。
(2)WasitduringtheSecondWorldWarthathedied?
他是在第二次世界大战期间去世的吗?
(3)Wherewasitthatyoufoundyourlostpen?
你是在哪里找到你丢失的钢笔的?
[单句改错]
(4)ItwasinFrance
IpickedupsomeFrench.
(5)It
thetwinsthathelpedmewithEnglish.
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Duetothewarbetweenthetwocountries,lifehasbecomeastruggleforsurvival(survive).
2.Onceyougetintothehabitofsmoking,youwillfindithardtogetridofit.
3.Somewomenaretooembarrassed(embarrass)toconsulttheirdoctorabouttheproblem.
4.Theyoungmanriskedbeingknocked(knock)downtotakethechildonthebusyroadtosafety.
5.Scientificresearchshowsthatwomentendtosurvivetheirhusbandsby5-10years.
6.—Whoismakingsuchanoise?
—Itmustbethechildren.
Ⅱ.完成句子
7.Youcan’tachieveyourdreameasilywithouttakingrisks/arisk.
不冒险你不可能轻易实现你的梦想。
8.Onceshehasmadeuphermind,nothingwillchangeit.
一旦她下定决心,什么也改变不了。
9.Itwasnotuntilhegothomethatheknewwhathadhappened.
直到他到家以后,他才知道所发生的事。
10.Judgingfrom/bytheexpressiononherface,shemusthavenewsofgreatexcitementtotellus.
从她脸上的表情来判断,她一定有非常令人兴奋的消息要告诉我们。
Ⅲ.课文短文改错
HIVisavirusthatweakenaperson’simmunesystem.YoucanhaveanHIVinyourbloodforalongtime.However,eventualitwilldamageyourimmunesystemsomuchasyourbodycannolongerfightdisease.ThisstageoftheillnesswascalledAIDS.Sofar,almosteveryonewhohasdevelopedAIDSdied.HIVisspreadthroughbloodorthefluidwherecarriesthevirus.Thevirusgetsinsidethebodythroughbreakingskin,orbyinjection.Certainly,scientistswillfindacuretoHIV/AIDSoneday.Butbeforethathappens,youneedtoprotectmyself.
答案
HIVisavirusthat
aperson’simmunesystem.YoucanhaveanHIVinyourbloodforalongtime.However,
itwilldamageyourimmunesystemsomuch
yourbodycannolongerfightdisease.Thisstageoftheillness
calledAIDS.Sofar,almosteveryonewhohasdevelopedAIDS
died.HIVisspreadthroughbloodorthefluid
carriesthevirus.Thevirusgetsinsidethebodythrough
skin,orbyinjection.Certainly,scientistswillfindacure
HIV/AIDSoneday.Butbeforethathappens,youneedtoprotect
.
基础巩固
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.Themostawkward(难堪的)emailmistakeisusuallycommittedinanger.(2017·天津)
2.Ajudgemustbefreefromprejudice(偏见),sohecanmakeajudgementaboutacasecorrectly.
3.Whatdoyouthinkmakeshisplanabortion(中途失败)?
4.Themale(男性)isusuallyphysicallystrongerthanthefemale(女性).
5.Theneedle(针)pierced(刺破)herfingerwhileshewasdoingsomesewing.
6.Ilitacigar(雪茄烟)tocalmmynerves.
7.Hefeltembarrassed(尴尬的)becausehemadeamistake.
8.Alotofsmallcompaniesarehavingtofightforsurvival(生存).
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
9.Inspiteofthetightscheduleofstudy,theactivitiesforstudentstoachievetheirpotentialhaveneverbeencalledoff.
10.I’vegotintothehabitofreadingEnglishaloudinthemorning.
11.Operatetheelectricalappliancefollowingtheinstructionsattachedinthebox,oryou’llbeatrisk.
12.Inherjudgement,hewasnotverygoodathisjob.
13.Whilelistening(listen),thesecretarysetdownaseriesofwhatthemanagersaid.
Ⅲ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
14.Despiteofhergoodsalary,shemeasuredouteverydollarneededforhouseholdexpenses.
15.Don’ttakeitforgranted,andevenanexperiencedclimbercangetintothetrouble.
16.Itistypicalofhimtotake
或
intheexperiment.
17.
fromhisappearance,heseemstobeastrongman.
18.Howdoesthewomanfeelwhen
aboutthepriceofherflat?
Ⅳ.完成句子
19.Heissotiredthathefeelsasifhecouldsleeptheclockaround.
他疲惫至极以至于他觉得好像能睡24小时。
20.Itisillegaltosellalcoholtochildren.
卖酒给儿童是违法的。
21.Muchtoherembarrassment,sherealizedthateverybodyhadbeenlisteningtohersinging.
她意识到大家一直在听她唱歌,感到很不好意思。
22.Hesignedhisnameonthatpaperattheriskofgettingdismissed.
他冒着被解雇的风险在那份文件上签了名。
23.Childrenwholiveinthecountry’sruralareasareverylikelytobepoor.
住在该国乡村地区的孩子很有可能很贫穷。
能力提升
Ⅴ.阅读理解
A
Thehealthbenefitsofsleeparebothvariedandwellknown.Weallneedtohaveenoughsleepsoastobeabletofunctionwellonbothmentalandphysicaltasks.Sleepisprobablythebestbeautytreatmentavailabletoaperson,allowingyoutolookyoungerovernight.Thisisprobablythemostsuperficial(表面的)benefitofsleep.Theotherbenefitsareincrediblyimportant.
Theamountofsleepthatisrequiredvariesfromonepersontoanotherandinmanycasesonepersonisatriskofnotgettingenoughsleep.Itisalltooeasytosettleintoahabitthatdoesn’treallysuityouwhenyourfamilyrequireslesssleepthanyou.Theymaywelltrytogetupquietlyandleaveyourestingalittlelonger.Iftheyaresuccessfulinslipping(溜)outoftheroomandyouremaininthesamestateofsle