辽宁大连理工大学附属高级中学最新 高考英语任务型阅读专题练习及答案.docx

辽宁大连理工大学附属高级中学最新 高考英语任务型阅读专题练习及答案.docx

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辽宁大连理工大学附属高级中学最新高考英语任务型阅读专题练习及答案

辽宁大连理工大学附属高级中学最新高考英语任务型阅读专题练习（及答案）

一、高中英语任务型阅读

1．阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。

   Mostofusprobablydreamedaboutbecominganastronautwhenwewerelittle.Buthowmanyofusactuallybecameone,orareatleastworkingtowardit?

   Theadvice“Alwaysfollowyourdreams”issomethingthatistypicallyeasiersaidthandone.

   Butstill,thisistheonepieceofadvicethatAlyssaCarsonwantstosharewithherpeers.This17-year-oldgirlfromtheUShasbecomeoneofthecandidatesforNASA's2033projecttogotoMars.Ifeverythinggoeswell,Carsonwillbeoneofthefirsthumanbeingstoeversetfootontheredplanet.

   CarsonhasdreamedofgoingtoMarssinceshewasonlythreeyearsold.Watchinganastronaut-themedcartoonandlearningthathumanshaveonlybeentothemoonbutnotMars,Carsondecidedthatshewantedtobethefirstonetodoso.

   Sincethen,shehasworkedhardtowardthisgoal.Attheageof12,CarsonbecamethefirstpersontoattendallthreeNASAspacecamps,andshesatwithrealastronautsinaNASApanel（座谈会）todiscussthefutureofMarsmissions.

   Now17,Carsoniscontinuingwithherspacetrainingwhilestilltakingonherhighschoolworklikea“normal”teenager,exceptthatshestudiesallhersubjectsinfourlanguages–English,French,SpanishandChinese.

   “Idon'tthinkthere'sanythingspecificthatmakesiteasierformeormakesitsomethingthatotherscan'tdo,”CarsonsaidinaninterviewwithUproxxNews.“I'vejustreallyfocusedmyselfonwhatIwanttoaccomplish.”

   AndCarsoniswillingtomakesacrificesforherdream.She'sfullyawareofthedangerofthemissionandthepossibilitythatshemightneverbeabletocomeback.Shealsoacceptsthefactthatshecan'tgetmarriedandstartafamilybecauseanylovedonesleftonEarthmaybeadistractionforherandforthemission.ButCarsonbelievesthatit'sallworthit,summarizingherviewwiththisancientGreekproverbsheoncequoted,“Asocietygrowsgreatwhenoldmenplanttreeswhoseshadetheyknowthey'llneversitin.”

   SoafterallthehardworkthatCarsonhasdoneandallthesacrificesshe'smade,everythingstillboilsdowntothesimplephrase,“followyourdreams”.Andwhilesomepeople'sdreamsmaysoundoutofthisworld,inCarson'scase,theyliterally（毫不夸张地）are.

（1）WhatwillhappentoCarsonin2033ifeverythinggoeswell?

（Nomorethan8words）

（2）WhydidCarsondecidetobethefirstonetogotoMars?

（Nomorethan20words）

（3）HowdoesCarsondifferfromotherstudentsfortheschoolwork?

（Nomorethan10words）

（4）Howdoyouunderstandtheunderlinedsentence?

（Nomorethan20words）

（5）Whatdoyouthinkofthegirl?

Andwhy?

（Nomorethan25words）

【答案】

（1）ShewillsetfootontheMars./ShewillgototheMars.

（2）Becauseofwatchinganastronaut-themedcartoonandlearningthathumanshaveonlybeentothemoonbutnotMars.

（3）Shestudiesallhersubjectsinfourlanguages.

（4）Asocietywillmakeprogressifpeoplemakecontributionswithoutconsideringpersonalbenefits.

（5）Sheisbraveandunselfish,becauseshemaynotreturntotheearthandiswillingtomakesacrificesforherdream.

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个勇敢无私的女孩Carson为了实现自己的梦想不惜牺牲自己的利益。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“This17-year-oldgirlfromtheUShasbecomeoneofthecandidatesforNASA's2033projecttogotoMars.Ifeverythinggoeswell,Carsonwillbeoneofthefirsthumanbeingstoeversetfootontheredplanet.”可知如果一切进展的顺利，Carson在2033年会gotoMars/setfootontheMars。

字数要求是不能超过八个字，所以本题的答案是：

ShewillsetfootontheMars./ShewillgototheMars.

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第四段中的“Watchinganastronaut-themedcartoonandlearningthathumanshaveonlybeentothemoonbutnotMars,Carsondecidedthatshewantedtobethefirstonetodoso.”可知Carson看了一部以宇航员为主题的卡通片，了解到人类只登上过月球，没有登上过火星，于是她决定成为第一个登上月球的人。

字数要求是不能超过二十个字，所以本题的答案是：

Becauseofwatchinganastronaut-themedcartoonandlearningthathumanshaveonlybeentothemoonbutnotMars.

（3）考查细节理解。

根据第六段中的“Now17,Carsoniscontinuingwithherspacetrainingwhilestilltakingonherhighschoolworklikea“normal”teenager,exceptthatshestudiesallhersubjectsinfourlanguages–English,French,SpanishandChinese.”可知Carson用四门语言学习课程，这是她不同于其他学生的地方。

字数要求是不能超过十个字，所以本题的答案是：

Shestudiesallhersubjectsinfourlanguages.

（4）考查语句理解。

Asocietygrowsgreatwhenoldmenplanttreeswhoseshadetheyknowthey'llneversitin.这句话的字面意思是：

当老人知道不能在自己种的树下乘凉却还坚持种树时，这个社会就发展了。

再结合这段内容：

这段主要讲了Carson为了为自己的梦想牺牲自己个人的利益。

所以这句话引申为：

当人们不考虑个人利益而为社会做贡献时，这个社会就发展了。

字数要求是不能超过二十个字，所以本题的答案是：

Asocietywillmakeprogressifpeoplemakecontributionswithoutconsideringpersonalbenefits.

（5）考查推理判断。

文章主要讲述了一个勇敢无私的女孩Carson为了实现自己的梦想不惜牺牲自己的利益。

字数要求是不能超过二十五个字，所以本题的答案是：

Sheisbraveandunselfish,becauseshemaynotreturntotheearthandiswillingtomakesacrificesforherdream.

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，语句理解和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息根据上下文的逻辑关系，结合相关的词汇知识，从而做出正确答案。

2．请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。

   There'sacontradictioninthewaymanyofusbehaveonline:

weknowwe'rebeingwatchedallthetime,anddisapproveofthemonitorbyGoogleandthegovernment.Buttheboundsofwhat'sconsideredtoopersonaltobeuploadedorsharedonlineseemstoshrinkbytheday.

   Icomplainaboutthelackofprivacy,forexample,andyetIwillinglyandroutinelytradeitforconvenience.Inolongerruntheriskofunforeseendelaysonpublictransport;GoogleMapswillinformmeofthefastestroutetomydestination;Inolongerneedtoremembermyfriends'birthdays;Facebookwillurgeme,andinvariablyappealtometopostanupdatetoremindpeopleIexist.AllIhavetodoismakemylocation,habitsandbeliefstransparenttotheirparentcompanieswhenevertheychoosetocheckinonme.

   Sowhat'sgoingon?

“Visibilityisatrap,”explainedtheFrenchphilosopherMichelFoucaultinDisciplineandPunish:

theBirthofthePrison（1975）.Allowingoneselftobewatched,andlearningtowatchothers,isbothattractiveanddangerous.Hetookforexample“Panopticon”,aprisonwhereprisonerswereobservedfromatowermannedbyaninvisibleoccupant.Theprisonerswouldbelieveinthepresenceofthemysteriouswatchman,whetherornotanyonewasactuallyinside,andbehavethemselves.

   AccordingtoFoucault,thedynamicsofthePanopticonaresimilartohowgenerallypeopleself-monitorinsociety.Inthepresenceofever-watchingwitness,peoplepolicethemselves.Theydon'tknowwhattheobserversarelookingfor,orwhatthepunishmentsarefordisobedience（不顺从）.Buttheywillinglyacceptandfollowthisinvisiblediscipline.

   Foucaultclaimedthatsuchmonitoringisworrisome,notjustbecauseofwhatcompaniesandstatesmightdowithourdata,butbecausetheactofwatchingisitselfaterribleexerciseofpower,whichmayinfluencebehaviorwithoutourfullyrealizingit.

   Butsomething'snotrighthere.Whydoestheself-displaycontinuewhenwearesurethatwearewatchedfromeverywhereandnowhere?

   Socialmediaprovidesapublicspacethatoftenoperatesmorelikeaprivateone,wheremanypeopleholdthebeliefthattheretheywon'tsuffertheconsequencesofwhattheysayonline,asifprotectedbytechnology.

   Platowouldbealarmedbythelackofshameonline.Hispointaboutmoralknowledgeisthis:

wealreadyknowtherightwaytoliveajustandfulfillinglife,butareconstantlydistracted（转移）fromthatnobleaim.Forhim,then,shamehelpsusbetruetoourselvesandtopayattentiontothemoralknowledgewithin.Amanwithoutshame,Platosays,isaslavetodesire—formaterialgoods,power,fame,respect.Suchdesire,byitsnature,cannotbesatisfied.

Phenomenon

Whilepeoplehatebeingmonitored,the________ ofprivacyisgraduallybecomingamoreseriousproblem.

Myexperience

Icomplainaboutthelackofprivacybutstillexchangeitforconvenience.

convenience

*I________ onGooglemapsforthefastestroutetoavoiddelaysonpublictransport.

*Facebookwillremindmeofmyfriends'birthdays,andappealtometobeupdated.

cost

Imustmakemy________ informationavailabletorelevantcompanies.

MichelFoucault'sexplanations

Idea:

Visibilityisatrap.

Ananalogy:

*InthePanopticon,prisonersbehavethemselvesjustbecausetheybelievedtheywerewatchedbyan________ watchman.

*Inreallife,thewaypeopleself-monitor________ thedynamicsofthe

Panopticon.Theywillinglyfollowtheinvisiblediscipline.

Worries:

Ourdatamaybe________ andmonitoringmayinfluenceustochangeourbehavior________.

Reasonsforcontraction

Thoughbeingwatched,self-displaycontinuesbecausesomenetizensthinkthattheydon'tneedtotake________ forwhattheysayonline.

Conclusion

*Shameisessentialinleadingajustandfulfillinglife.

*Shamehelpsusstaytruetoourselvesandfocusonour________.

*Shamecan________ usbeingaslavetodesiresforfameandfortune.

【答案】invasion/violation/leak/lack

；depend/rely/count

；private/personal

；invisible

；resembles

；abused/misused

；unconsciously

；responsibility

；morality/moral（s）

；prevent/stop

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，我们所有网上的行为都被监视，虽然网络给我们带来了便利，但隐私的泄露却给我带来了很大的影响。

很多人尽管知道自己的行为被监视，却仍然在网上我行我素，认为自己的行为不会带来严重的后果，文章认为这主要是因为缺少羞耻心。

（1）考查同义转换。

根据第一段中的“There'sacontradictioninthewaymanyofusbehaveonline:

weknowwe'rebeingwatchedallthetime,anddisapproveofthemonitorbyGoogleandthegovernment.”可知当我们上网的时候，我们的行为都收到了监视。

我们的隐私被泄露了，而且这已经成为一个有利于严重的问题。

所以本句要填名词invasion/violation/leak/lack。

（2）考查同义转换。

根据第二段中的“GoogleMapswillinformmeofthefastestroutetomydestination”可知我依靠Google地图可以寻找到最快的路线。

所以句中要填depend/rely/count。

（3）考查同义转换。

根据第二段中的“AllIhavetodoismakemylocation,habitsandbeliefstransparenttotheirparentcompa