英语高三英语阅读理解试题有答案和解析.docx

英语高三英语阅读理解试题有答案和解析.docx

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英语高三英语阅读理解试题有答案和解析

（英语）高三英语阅读理解试题（有答案和解析）

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   Japanhasmadealotofnoiseinrecentyearsaboutremovingthetraditionalviewthatwomenshouldstayathomewhilemengoouttowork.Soitwasshockingwhen,onAugust7th,TokyoMedicalUniversity（TMU）,adistinguishedmedicalschool,admittedmarkingdownthetestscoresoffemaleapplicantstokeeptheratioofwomenineachclassbelow30%.

   Theirdefencewasthatwomenaremorelikelytodropouttomarryandhavechildren.TojudgefemaleapplicantstomedicalschoolpurelyontheiracademicperformancewouldleaveJapanwithashortageofdoctors,theysaid.Theadmissionhascausedoutrage.

   "Doctoringhaslongbeenamalefield.Butitisnottheonlyone.Discriminationiscommoninbanksandtradingfirms,wherestamina（耐力）andloyalty,qualitiessomehowassociatedwithmen,areprized,"saysMariMiura,apoliticalscientistatSophiaUniversity.Allthisembarrassesagovernmentthathaspromisedtomakewomen"shine".Thepolicyseemsbasedontheneedformoreworkersratherthanongenuineconcernforwomen.

   ShinzoAbe,theprimeminister,sayshewantstobringmillionsmorewomenintotheworkforcetomakeupforalabourshortfallcausedbyitsageinganddecliningpopulation.Inthefieldofpolitics,therecordunderMr.Abe'spremiership（首相任期）isdisappointing.Justtwomembersofhis20-strongcabinetarewomen,includingSeikoNoda,inchargeofwomen'srights.Ms.Noda,whomakeslittlesecretofherambitiontobeatMr.Abeinaleadershipcontestnextmonth,hasjustpublishedabookcalled"GrabtheFuture",herpublicdeclarationforpullingJapanintolinewith"globalstandards".Shehasalmostnochanceofwinning.

（1）Accordingtothepassage,whathasarousedthepublic'sshockandrageinJapan?

A. Womenbeingmorelikelytodropoutofschooltomarryandhavechildren.         

B. TMUjudgingfemaleapplicantstomedicalschoolmerelyontheirtestscore.

C. TMUputtingalowergradeonfemaleapplicantstokeepalowpercentageofwomenineachclass.         

D. Japantendingtoabandonthetraditionalviewthatwomenshouldstayathomewhilemengoouttowork.

（2）WhatdoweknowaboutSeikoNoda?

A. Sheisquitelikelytowintheleadershipcontest.         

B. Sheneverfailstoshowherambitioninpublic.

C. SheistheonlyfemalememberinAbe'scabinet.         

D. Hernewlyreleasedbook"GrabtheFuture"isabithit.

（3）Whatdoesthepassagemainlytalkabout?

A. DoctoringhaslongbeenamalefieldinJapan.         

B. Professionslikebankingandtradingaretailoredtomen.

C. ShinzoAbeperformedpoorlyindealingwithlabourshortfall.         

D. DiscriminationagainstwomenincareersinJapanisabigconcern.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）B

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了最近的日本尤其是医药大学对女性性别的歧视，使社会一片哗然，这一性别歧视现象让日本政府陷入窘境。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第一段中的“Soitwasshockingwhen,onAugust7th,TokyoMedicalUniversity（TMU）,adistinguishedmedicalschool,admittedmarkingdownthetestscoresoffemaleapplicantstokeeptheratioofwomenineachclassbelow30%.”在8月7日，当声望卓著的医学院——东京医科大学承认压低了女性申请者的考试分数，以将每个班级中女生的比例维持在30%以下时，社会一片哗然。

故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Ms.Noda,whomakeslittlesecretofherambitiontobeatMr.Abeinaleadershipcontestnextmonth,hasjustpublishedabookcalled‘GrabtheFuture’,herpublicdeclarationforpullingJapanintolinewith‘globalstandards’”可知，野田毫不掩饰她在下个月的竞选中击败安倍的野心。

她刚刚还出版了一本名为《抓住未来》的书，根据她的言行可知，她在公众场合表达自己的雄心，故选B。

（3）考查主旨大意。

通读全文可知，本文主要叙述了最近日本尤其是医药大学对女性性别的歧视，使社会一片哗然，这一性别歧视现象让日本政府陷入窘境，出现了很大的问题。

故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   WhenmysisterMertietoldmeshehadputouttomatoplantslastsummer,Iwasquiteimpressed.

   Sinceshewasagarden-beginner,Mertieresearchedexactlyhowfaraparttospacehertomatoplants;whatkindoffertilizertouse;howtokeepawaythebugs,etc.Oncetheywereplanted,shetookcareofthemdaily,anxiouslyawaitingthejuicytomatoestoappear.But,dayafterday,herplantsweretomato-lesswhileallofherneighborswhohadalsoputouttomatoplantswerealreadyenjoyingthefruitoftheirlabor.

   Frustrated,Mertiegaveinandwenttothemarkettosearchfreshtomatoes.Whilepaying,Mertietoldthefarmerhertroubles.Thefarmerpausedtothinkforamomentandthenasked,"Well,whatkindoftomatoesdidyouplant?

"

   "IthinktheywerecalledBigBoy,"Mertieremembered.

   "Wellthere'syourproblem,"thefarmerexplained."BigBoyandBetterBoytomatoeshavea95-daygrowingperiodwhereasregulartomatoplantsproducefruitinasfewas70days…youjusthavetowaitalittlelongerfortheBigBoys."

   Withthatnewknowledge,Mertiewenthomewithexcitement,knowingtheywouldbeworththewait.

   Thinkingaboutmysister'sgardeningexperience,Ihadtosmile.Shejustdidn'tknowthatBigBoytomatoestooklonger--neitherdidI—butonceshediscoveredthatinformation,shewasnolongerdiscouragedandupsetaboutthelackoftomatoesonherplants.Instead,shewasencouragedandexcitedtoseethemafewweekslater.

   Itmakesmewonderhowmanyofushave"BigBoy"dreamsinourhearts,yetwejustdon'trealizethattheyareofthe"BigBoy"varietysowearediscouragedandwornoutwiththewaitingprocess.Insteadofwaitingwithexcitement,wegiveuponourdreamsandfigurewemusthavedonesomethingwrongtostopthemfromcomingtopass.Frustrated,weseeotherpeople'sdreamscomingtrue,andwewonderwhyourshaven'tyetbeenachieved.

（1）Whatisnotmentionedinthepassagewhengrowingtomatoplants?

A. Usingsuitablefertilizer.                                   

B. Keepingthemwellapart.

C. Wateringthemregularly.                                 D. Controllingpestsonthem.

（2）WhydidMertie'stomatoplantsfailtoproduceattheexpectedtime?

A. Becausetheyweredestroyedbyherneighbors.         

B. Becauseshegrewthewrongkindoftomatoes.

C. Becauseshedidn'tmanagethegardenwell.         

D. Becausetheyrequiredmoretimetoproduce.

（3）Whatdoestheauthorcomparetomatoestointhetext?

A. Goals.                          

B. Experiences.                          

C. Time.                          

D. Imagination.

（4）Whatdoesthetextintendtoshowus?

A. It'sbetterlatethannever.                               

B. Abadbeginningmakesabadending.

C. Successsometimesneedsalittlepatience.         

D. Abirdinthehandisworthtwointhebush.

【答案】

（1）C

（2）D

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了妹妹种西红柿的故事，告诉读者要实现梦想，有时需要耐心等待。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Mertieresearchedexactlyhowfaraparttospacehertomatoplants;whatkindoffertilizertouse;howtokeepawaythebugs,etc.”可知Mertie给她种的西红柿分苗、施肥和控制害虫。

没有提到浇水，故选C。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第五段中的“BigBoyandBetterBoytomatoeshavea95-daygrowingperiodwhereasregulartomatoplantsproducefruitinasfewas70days…youjusthavetowaitalittlelongerfortheBigBoys.”可知Mertie种植的西红柿品种BigBoy比一般西红柿生长需要的时间长，所以还需要一段时间才能成熟。

故选D。

（3）考查推理判断。

根据最后一段中的“Itmakesmewonderhowmanyofushave‘BigBoy’dreamsinourhearts,……Insteadofwaitingwithexcitement,wegiveuponourdreamsand……weseeotherpeople'sdreamscomingtrue,……”可知我们内心有许多梦想，但没有意识到梦想的变化，在等待过程中我们可能遇到挫折后放弃梦想。

作者在文中把西红柿比作了梦想和目标，故选A。

（4）考查推理判断。

妹妹精心种西红柿，但别人的西红柿成熟时自己的不行，当想放弃时才知道西红柿品种不一样，成熟时间不一样。

作者通过这件事告诉我们要实现梦想，有时需要耐心等待。

故选C。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Osaka,Japan—DefendingchampionsChinaliftedtheFIVBWomen'sVolleyballWorldCuptrophy（奖杯）withperfect11straightwinsaftereasingpastArgentina3-0hereonSunday.Withtheireleventhwinatthe2019FIVBVolleyballWomen'sWorldCup,ChinawontheFIVBWomen'sVolleyballWorldCup.

   Thisyear,theWorldCuphasbeenplayedacrossdifferentcities,andTeamChinahadtrainingsessionsevenontravelingdayswhensomeparticipatingteamschosetorestupafteratiringflight."CoachLangfocusesondetailsofthetechniqueinthetrainingsessions,andIfeelourteamhasbecomemorebalanced."CaptainZhuTingsaid.ThisfirmapproachexplainshowChinamanagedtoturnthetableagainsttheUnitedStatesattheWorldCup.Neverquit,especiallyinadversity.That'swhatthespiritofChinesewomen'svolleyballmeans.

   Whentheteamstruggled,Zhuwasalwaysthere,doingwhateverwasneededtocarrytheteamforward.That'swhyshehasbecomeanationalvolleyballicon,justlike"IronHammer"Lang.AsforLang,shetookovertheflagfromherformercoachYuanWeimin,whowasbehindChina'sriseinthebeginning.FromcoachYuantocoachLang,andspiker（主攻手）LangtospikerZhu,theflagbearersmayhavechangedovertime,butthecravingforchampionshipsandthesteelydesireanddeterminationremainthesame.

   Volleyballisateamsportandbehindtheon-courtteamthereisalwaysasupportivecoachingteamandstaff.Laiwasoneofthemembers,shoulderingresponsibilitiesasbothvicedirectorofChina'sVolleyballManagementCenterandasassistantcoach.Apartfromcoordinatingbetweencoachesandplayers,ChinesecoachesandforeigncoachesandsometimeswithinChinesecoaches,shealsohastodochores.DuringRio2016,assistantcoachYuanLingxiheadedforthearena（竞技场）at6ameverydaytofilmthematchesandwouldreturntotheOlympicVillageat2amwhenhewouldstartanalyzingChina'sopponentsandfilereports.TherearemanyLaisandYuansthatarenotknownbythepublic,butwhoremainindispensablefortheteamtoovercomedifficultiesandreachtheirpeak.

（1）WhatdoesthespiritofChinesewomen'svolleyballmeanaccordingtoparagraph2?

A.Beingaspecialteam.

B.Stickingtotheend.

C.Winningeverygame.

D.Traininghardeveryday.

（2）WhydoesZhuTingbecomeanationalvol