宾语从句讲义及习题课后作业无答案精选教育文档.docx
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宾语从句讲义及习题课后作业无答案精选教育文档
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。
在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。
有些形容词(afraid,sure,glad等)之后也可以带宾语从句。
一、引导词
1.从句为陈述句,常选择引导词that或将that省略,直接与主句相连。
2.从句为一般疑问句,常选择引导词if或whether。
3.从句为特殊疑问句,常选择what,when,where,which,who,how等疑问代词、疑问副词作引导词。
二.时态
当主句为现在时或将来时,宾语从句的时态一般不受主句的时态所影响.
当主句为过去时
①从句用一般过去时或过去进行时表示与主句谓语动词动作同时发生
②从句过去完成时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之前
③从句谓语用过去将来时表示该动作发生在主句谓语动作之后
④如果从句是一个客观真理,那么从句的时态不根据主句的时态而变化
三.语序
当宾语从句的引导词是who,which,what,when,where,how,why等表疑问时,不能按正常语序安排,要用陈述语序。
但也有部分口语提问例外
E.G:
What'sthematter?
What'swrongwithyou?
四.whether和if区别
whether和if都可以引导宾语从句,表示“是否”,在口语或间接引语中两者可以互换使用。
如:
Iwonderif/whetherIcangetsomeadvicefromyou.
Askhimwhether/ifhecancome.
但在有些情况下,whether和if的用法有一定区别。
1.whether引导的从句常可以与连词or或ornot直接连用,而if一般不能。
如:
正:
Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.
误:
Letmeknowifyoucancomeornot.
2.当宾语从句提到句首时,只能用whether引导,而不能用if。
如:
正:
Whetheritistrueornot,Ican’ttell.
误:
Ifitistrueornot,Ican’ttell.
3.whether可以引导带to的不定式,if则不能。
如:
正:
Idon’tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.
误:
Idon’tknowiftoacceptorrefuse.
4.whether及其引导的成分可放于介词之后,作介词的宾语,但if不能。
如:
正:
IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings.
误:
IworryaboutifIhurtherfeelings.
时间满分得分二次评价
1.Acomputercanonlydo _____youhaveinstructedittodo.
A.how B.after C.what D.when
2.Marywroteanarticleon_____theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.
A.why B.what C.who D.that
3.Theshopkeeperdidnotwanttosellfor________hethoughtwasnotenough.
A.where B.how C.what D.which
4.Thewayhediditwasdifferent________wewereusedto.
A.inwhich B.inwhat C.fromwhat D.fromwhich
5.Hespokeproudlyofhispartinthegame,withoutmentioning_____histeammateshaddone.
A.what B.which C.why D.while
6.Noonecanbesure______inamillionyears.
A.whatmanwilllooklikeB.whatwillmanlooklike
C.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike
7.Thebosswentuptoask_____.
A.whatthematterwas B.what’sthematterC.whatwasthematter D.whatthematteris
8.Themanagerenteredtheofficeandwashappytolearnfourfifthsofthetickets________.
A.wasbookedB.hadbeenbookedC.werebookedD.havebeenbooked
9.Wewereallsurprisedwhenhemadeitclearthathe_____officesoon.
A.leavesB.wouldleave C.hadleftD.hadbeenaway
10.—Doyouworkinthelabeveryafternoon?
—No,butsometimesIwishI_________.
A.havetimeB.hadtimetodoC.havetimetoD.hadtimeto
11.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat________inmynewjob.
A.expected B.toexpect C.tobeexpecting D.expects
12.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows________.
A.itwhattodowith B.whattodoitwithC.whattodowithit D.todowhatwithit
13.Themotherdidn’tknow_____toblameforthebrokenglassesasithappenedwhileshewasout.
A.who B.when C.how D.what
学习态度:
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做题规范:
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知识掌握:
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THAT的特殊用法
一、that用于引导宾语从句时通常可省略,尤其在口语中。
而that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时一般不能省略。
如:
Hetoldme(that)themeetinghadbeenputoff.
Thatourvolleyballteamhadbeatentheirspleasedeveryoneofus.
Theproblemwithbuildingthefactoryisthatwearelackofmoney.
Wordcamethathehasrecoveredfromthebaddisease.
that引导宾语从句时在以下几种情况中不能省略:
1.宾语从句为多个并列句时,前面分句的that可以省略,但最后一个分句的引导词that不能省略。
如:
Hetoldme(that)hehadenteredauniversityinNanjingandthathewasenjoyingthecollegelifethere.
2.宾语从句本身为一个复合句且复合句中的从句位于主句前时,that不能省略。
HesaidthatifIwentthere,hewouldgotoo. Shebelievesthatwhattheteachersaysmustberight.
3.主句与宾语从句加入了插入语时。
Hesaid,inhisopinion,thatitwastooearlyformiddleschoolstudentstocarrycell-phones.
4.that引导的宾语从句后置,用形式宾语it代替时。
Chinahasmadeitcleartotheworldthatitisstronglyagainstterrorism.
5.跟在介词but,besides,except等后引导宾语从句时。
Yourcompositionisverygoodexceptthatthereareafewmistakes.
二、当that引导的宾语从句后接有补足语时,也习惯将从句后置,而用形式宾语it代替。
即句型:
主语+think/consider/find…+it+补足语(形容词或名词)+that宾语从句。
如:
WeallthinkitgreatfunthatwelearnEnglishinMr.Hu’sclass.
Mr.Greenconsidersitimportantthatstudentsshouldformgoodhabitsoflearning.
三、doubt作动词时其后的宾语从句及作名词时其后的同位语从句只能用that来引导。
如:
Wedon’tdoubtthatheisfitforthisjob.
ThereisnodoubtthatweChinesearedeterminedtostopTaiwanfrombeingseparatedfrommainland.
时间满分100得分二次评价
1.Thepooryoungmanisreadytoaccept________helphecanget.
A.whichever B.howeverC.whatever D.whenever
2._____hashelpedtosavethedrowninggirlisworthpraising.
A.Who B.Theone C.Anyone D.Whoever
3.I’dappreciate_______ifyouwouldliketoteachmehowtousethecomputer.
A.that B.it C.this D.you
4.—Idon’tthinkyoucouldhavebeenusedtothequickpaceoflifewhilestudyingintheUSA______you?
—______.Ithoughtofreturningtoourcountryatonetime.
A.had;Yes B.do;Yes C.have;No D.were;No
5.Withhisworkcompleted,thebusinessmansteppedbacktohisseat,feelingpleased_______hewasamanofaction.
A.which B.that C.what D.whether
6.Idon’tknow___________ornot.
A.whetherheisathome B.ifheisathome
C.thatheisathome D.whetherisheathome
7.Thisdependson_________theweatherisfine.
A.which B.whether C.if D.that
8.Theteacheraskedthenewstudent________classhewasin.
A.which B.where C.if D.that
9.Idon’tknow________Mr.Greenwillcometoseeus.He’llhelpuswithourEnglish.
A.why B.when C.how D.where
10.--Becareful!
Don’tbreakthebottles.Doyouhear______Isaid?
David?
--Yes,Mum
A.what B.that C.why D.if
11.---Doyouknow_______MrBlack’saddressis?
---HemayliveatNO.18orNo.19ofBridgeStreet.I’mnotsureof______.
A.where,which B.where,what C.what,which D.what,where
12.Thereisnotmuchdifferencebetweenthetwo.Ireallydon’tknow_____.
A.whatshouldIchoose B.whichIshouldchoose
C.whichshouldIchoose D.whatIshouldchoose
时间满分得分二次评价
(1) Didyoufindout______?
A.shewaslookingforwhosechild B.whosechildwasshelookingfor
C.whosechildsheislookingfor D.whosechildshewaslookingfor
(2) Areyouinterestedin_____?
A.howdidhedoit B.hedidithow C.howhedidit D.hehowdidit
(3) Idon’tknow_____.Canyoutellme?
A.howthetwoplayersareold B.howoldarethetwoplayers
C.thetwoplayersarehowold D.howoldthetwoplayersare
(4) ---Whatdidthescientistsay?
---Hesaidhewonderedif_____intospacebyspaceshiponeday.
A.hehadtofly B.hecouldfly C.canhefly D.couldhefly
(5) Excuseme,sir.Couldyoutellme____?
A.Wherethebanknearest B.whereisthenearestbank
C.wherethenearestbankis D.thenearestbankiswhere
(6)SheaskedTom________withhiscar?
A.whatthematterwas B.whatthematteris
C.whatwasthematter D.whatisthematter
(1)It’s7:
30.Ican’tbelieveyou___cookingdinneryet,Sally.
A.haven’tstarted B.didn’t C.don’tstart D.hadn’tstarted
(2) TheteachertoldusyesterdaythatDecember25____ChristmasDay.
A.is B.was C.hasbeen D.willbe
(3) Theteachersaidthattheearth_______roundthesun.
A.goes B.go C.went D.willgo
(4) We’dliketotellyouthatyou______theexam.
A.havepassed B.hadpassed C.pass D.willpass
(5) “Couldyoutellme______?
”“Yes.They____tothelibrary.”
A.wherearethetwins,havebeen B.wherewerethetwins,havebeen
C.wherethetwinsare,havegone D,wherethetwinswere,havegone
(6) Ourfathersaidthathe______anewcomputernextweek.
A.willbuy B.havebought C.wouldbuy D.buys
(7) Ihearthathe______toBeijingyesterday.
A.goes B.willgo C.went D.havegone
(1).Idon’tthinkheisright,__________?
A.isn’the B.ishe C.doI D.don’tI
(2).Hebelievessheisright,__________?
A.doesn’the B.doeshe C.isshe D.isn’tshe
(3).Ithoughtthathedislikedplayingfootball,__________?
A.didn’the B.didhe C.didI D.didn’tI
(4).Ifind_____importantthatwepracticeEnglisheveryday.
A.it B.this C.that D.what
1.Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedthenicegift.
A.howtheywereexcited B.howexcitedtheywere
C.howexcitedwerethey D.theywerehowexcite
2.—Whatdidyouparentsthinkaboutyourdecision?
—Theyalwaysletmedo________IthinkIshould.
A.when B.that C.how D.what
3.Pleaseremindme_________hesaidhewasgoing.Imaybeintimetoseehimoff.
A.where B.when C.how D.what
4.Marywroteanarticleon theteamhadfailedtowinthegame.
A.whyB.whatC.whoD.that
5.SomeoneisringingthedoorbellGoandsee________.
A.whoishe B.whoheis C.whoisit D.whoitis
6.——Wehaven’theardfromJaneforalongtime.
——Whatdoyouconsider_______toher?
A.washappening B.tohappen C.hashappened D.happening
7.Wehaven’tsettledthequestionof__________itisnecessaryforhimtostudyabroad.
A.if B.whereC.whether D.that
8.—Couldyoudomeafavour?
—Itdependson__________itis.
A.which B.whicheverC.what D.whatever
9.Youcanonlybesureof____youhaveatpresent;youcannotbesureofsomething____youmightgetinthefuture.
A.that;what