10年高考阅读理解历史类17.docx
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10年高考阅读理解历史类17
总题数：
17题
第1题（2011年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（辽宁卷））
题目
ManypeoplebelieveHenryFordinventedtheautomobile（汽车）.ButHenryForddidnotstarttobuildhisfirstcaruntil1896.ThatwaselevenyearsaftertwoGermansdevelopedtheworld'sfirstautomobile.ManypeoplebelieveHenryFord inventedtheproductionlinethatmovedacar'spartstotheworker,insteadofmakingtheworkermovetotheparts.Thatisnottrue,either.ManyfactoryownersusedmethodsofthiskindbeforeFord.WhatHenryForddidwastouseotherpeople's ideasandmakethembetter.Andhemadethewholefactoryamovingproductionline.
Intheearlydaysoftheautomobile,almosteverycarmakerracedhiscars.Itwasthebestwayofgainingpublicnotice.HenryForddecidedtobuildaracingcar.Ford'smostfamousracewashisfirstone.Itwasalsothelastraceinwhichhedrovethecarhimself.
Theracewasin1901,atafieldnearDetroit.Allofthemostfamouscarshadentered,butonlytwowereleft:
theWintonandFord's.TheWintonwasfamousforitsspeed.Mostpeoplethoughttheracewasoverbeforeitbegan.
TheWintontookanearlylead.Buthalfwaythroughtherace,itbegantolosepower.Fordstartedtogain.Andneartheendoftherace,hetookthelead.FordwontheraceanddefeatedtheWinton.HisnameappearedinnewspapersandhebecamewellknownallovertheUnitedStates.Withinweeksoftherace,HenryFordformedanewautomobilecompany.In1903,adoctorinDetroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.
ThatsalewasthebeginningofHenryFord'sdream.Fordsaid:
“Iwillbuildamotorcarforthegreatmassofpeople.Itwillbelargeenoughforthefamily,butsmallenoughforonepersontooperateandcarefor.Itwillbebuiltofthebestmaterials.Itwillbebuiltbythebestmentobeemployed.Anditwillbebuiltwiththesimplestplansthatmodernengineeringcanproduce.Itwillbesolowinpricethatnomanmakinggoodmoneywillbeunabletoownone.”
TheModelTwasacarofthatkind.Itonlycost$850.Itwasasimplemachinethatdriverscoulddependon.DoctorsboughttheModelT.Sodidfarmers.Evencriminals.They considereditthefastestandsurestformoftransportation.AmericanslovedtheModelT.Theywrotestoriesandsongs aboutit.ThousandsofModelT'swerebuiltinthefirstfewyears.
（1）WhatdoweknowaboutHenryFordfromParagraph1?
A．Hemadegooduseofideasfromothers.
B．Heproducedthefirstcarintheworld.
C．Heknewhowtoimproveautoparts.
D．Heinventedtheproductionline.
（2）WhydidHenryFordtakepartinthe1901carrace?
A．Toshowoffhisdrivingskills.
B．Todrawpublicattention.
C．Tolearnaboutnewtechnology.
D．Toraisemoneyforhisnewcompany.
（3）“Thatsale”inParagraph4refersto________.
A．thesellingofFordcarsatreducedprices
B．thesaleofModelTtothemassofpeople
C．thesellingofacartoaDetroitdoctor
D．thesalestargetfortheFordCompany
（4）WhatwasHenryFord'sdreamaccordingtothetext?
A．Producingcarsforaveragecustomers.
B．Buildingracingcarsofsimpledesign.
C．Designingmorecarmodels.
D．Startingmorecompanies.
答案
（1）A
细节理解题。
根据第一段的“WhatHenryForddidwastouseotherpeople'sideasandmakethembetter”．可知，A项符合文意。
（2）B
细节理解题。
根据第二段的“Intheearlydaysoftheautomobile，almosteverycarmakerracedhiscars.Itwasthebestwayofgainingpublicnotice.HenryForddecidedtobuildaracingcar.Ford'smostfamousracewashisfirstone.”可知，B项符合文意。
（3）C
词义猜测题。
由第四段画线部分前的一句“In1903，adoctorinDetroitboughtthefirstcarfromthecompany.”以及画线部分所在的句子可知，C项符合文意。
（4）A
推理判断题。
根据第四段的“ThatsalewasthebeginningofHenryFord'sdream.Fordsaid：
‘Iwillbuildamotorcarforthegreatmassofpeople...nomanmakinggoodmoneywillbeunabletoownone.’”可知，A项符合文意。
第2题（2011年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（江苏卷））
题目
Weknowthefamousones—theThomasEdisonsandtheAlexanderGrahamBells—butwhataboutthelessfamousinventors？
Whataboutthepeoplewhoinventedthetrafficlightandthewindshieldwiper（雨刮器）？
Shouldn'tweknowwhotheyare?
JoanMcLeanthinksso.Infact，McLean，aprofessorofphysicsatMountainUniversityinRange，feelssostronglyaboutthismatterthatshe'sdevelopedacourseonthetopic.Inadditiontolearning“who”invented“what”，however，McLeanalsolikesherstudentstolearntheanswerstothe“why”and“how”questions.AccordingtoMcLean，“Whenstudentslearntheanswerstothesequestions，theyarebetterpreparedtorecognizeopportunitiesforinventingandmoremotivatedtogiveinventingatry.”
Herstudentsagree.OneyoungmanwithapatentforanunbreakableumbrellaiswalkingproofofMcLean'sstatement.“IfIhadnotheardthestoryofthewindshieldwiper'sinvention，”saidTommyLee，aseniorphysicsmajor，“Ineverwouldhavedreamedofturningmybadexperienceduringarainstormintosomethingsoconstructive.”Leeiscurrentlynegotiatingtosellhispatenttoanumbrellaproducer.
So，justwhatisthestorybehindthewindshieldwiper？
Well，MaryAndersoncameupwiththeideain1902afteravisittoNewYorkCity.Thedaywascoldandstormy，butAndersonstillwantedtoseethesights，soshejumpedaboardastreetcar.Noticingthatthedriverwasstrugglingtoseethroughthesnowcoveringthewindshield，shefoundherselfwonderingwhytherecouldn'tbeabuiltindeviceforcleaningthewindow.StillwonderingaboutthiswhenshereturnedhometoBirmingham，Alabama，Andersonstarteddraftingoutsolutions.Oneofherideas，alever（操作杆）ontheinsideofavehiclethatwouldcontrolanarmontheoutside，becamethefirstwindshieldwiper.
Todaywebenefitfromcountlessinventionsandinnovations.It'shardtoimaginedrivingwithoutGarrettA．Morgan'strafficlight.It'sequallyimpossibletopictureaworldwithoutKatherineJ．Blodgett'sinnovationthatmakesglassinvisible.Canyoupicturelifewithoutclearwindowsandeyeglasses?
（1）Bymentioning“trafficlight”and“windshieldwiper”，theauthorindicatesthatcountlessinventionsare______.
A．beneficial，becausetheirinventorsarefamous
B．beneficial，thoughtheirinventorsarelessfamous
C．notuseful，becausetheirinventorsarelessfamous
D．notuseful，thoughtheirinventorsarefamous
（2）ProfessorJoanMcLean'scourseaimsto______.
A．addcolourandvarietytostudents'campuslife
B．informstudentsofthewindshieldwiper'sinvention
C．carryouttherequirementsbyMountainUniversity
D．preparestudentstotrytheirowninventions
（3）TommyLee'sinventionoftheunbreakableumbrellawas______.
A．noteventuallyacceptedbytheumbrellaproducer
B．inspiredbythestorybehindthewindshieldwiper
C．duetohisdreamofbeingcaughtinarainstorm
D．notrelatedtoProfessorJoanMcLean'slectures
（4）Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthispassage?
A．HowtoHelpStudentstoSellTheirInventionstoProducers?
B．HowtoDesignaBuiltinDeviceforCleaningtheWindow?
C．Shouldn'tWeKnowWhoInventedtheWindshieldWiper?
D．Shouldn'tWeDevelopInventionCoursesinUniversities?
答案
（1）B
推理判断题。
根据第一段内容结合下文可推断，作者提到交通信号灯、雨刮器等发明，是想说无数的发明对人类十分有益，虽然它们的发明者没有太大的名气。
（2）D
细节理解题。
根据第二段最后一句可知，JohnMcLean教授开设这门课程的目的就是让学生有足够的准备去尝试自己发明东西。
（3）B
细节理解题。
根据第三段的内容可知，TommyLee发明的“不会折断的雨伞”就是受到了雨刮器背后的故事的激励。
（4）C
主旨大意题。
通读全文可知，文章的第一段就是主题段，特别是第一段最后一句充分体现了作者的心声，接下来的内容都是围绕第一段展开并为第一段服务的。
第3题（2011年普通高等学校夏季招生考试英语（安徽卷））
题目
Thinkaboutthedifferentwaysthatpeopleusethewind.Youcanuseittoflyakiteortosailaboat.Windisoneofourcleanestandrichestpowersources（来源），aswellasoneoftheoldest.Evidenceshowsthatwindmills（风车）begantobeusedinancientIranbackintheseventhcenturyBC.TheywerefirstintroducedtoEuropeduringthe1100s，whenarmiesreturnedfromtheMiddleEastwithknowledgeofusingwindpower.
Formanycenturies，peopleusedwindmillstogrind（磨碎）wheatintoflourorpumpwaterfromdeepunderground.Whenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthelate1800s，peoplelivinginremoteareasbegantousethemtoproduceelectricity.Thisallowedthemtohaveelectriclightsandradio.However，bythe1940swhenelectricitywasavailabletopeopleinalmostallareasoftheUnitedStates，windmillswererarelyused.
Duringthe1970s，peoplestartedbecomingconcernedaboutthepollutionthatiscreatedwhencoalandgasareburnedtoproduceelectricity.Peoplealsorealizedthatthesupplyofcoalandgaswouldnotlastforever.Then，windwasrediscovered，thoughitmeanshighercosts.Today，thereisaglobalmovementtosupplymoreandmoreofourelectricitythroughtheuseofwind.
（1）Fromthetextweknowthatwindmills______.
A．wereinventedbyEuropeanarmies
B．haveahistoryofmorethan2,800years
C．usedtosupplypowertoradioinremoteareas
D．haverarelybeenusedsinceelectricitywasdiscovered
（2）Whatwasanewuseforwindpowerinthelate19thcentury?
A．Sailingaboat.
B．Producingelectricity.
C．Grindingwheatintoflour.
D．Pumpingwaterfromunderground.
（3）Oneofthereasonswindwasrediscoveredinthe1970sisthat______.
A．windpoweriscleaner
B．itisoneoftheoldestpowersources
C．itwascheapertocreateenergyfromwind
D．thesupplyofcoalandgasfailedtomeetneeds
（4）Whatwouldtheauthorprobablydiscussintheparagraphthatfollows?
A．Theadvantagesofwindpower.
B．Thedesignofwindpowerplants.
C．Theworldwidemovementtosaveenergy.
D．Theglobaltrendtowardsproducingpowerfromwind.
答案
（1）C
细节理解题。
根据第二段的“Whenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthelate1800s，peoplelivinginremoteareasbegantousethemtoproduceelectricity.Thisallowedthemtohaveelectriclightsandradio.”可知，C项符合文意。
（2）B
细节理解题。
根据第二段的“Whenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthelate1800s，peoplelivinginremoteareasbegantousethemtoproduceelectricity.”可知，B项符合题目要求。
（3）A
细节理解题。
根据第三段的“peoplestartedbecomingconc
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