工程管理专业外文文献及翻译.docx

工程管理专业外文文献及翻译.docx

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工程管理专业外文文献及翻译

本科毕业设计

外文文献及译文

文献、资料题目：

Changingrolesoftheclients

Architectsandcontractors

ThroughBIM

文献、资料来源：

Engineering,Construction,Archi-

tectualManagement

文献、资料发表（出版）日期：

2010.2

院（部）：

管理工程学院

专业：

班级：

姓名：

学号：

指导教师：

翻译日期：

2012.6.3

外文文献：

Changingrolesoftheclients,architectsandcontractorsthroughBIM

RizalSebastian

TNOBuiltEnvironmentandGeosciences,Delft,TheNetherlands

Abstract

Purpose–Thispaperaimstopresentageneralreviewofthepracticalimplicationsofbuildinginformationmodelling（BIM）basedonliteratureandcasestudies.ItseekstoaddressthenecessityforapplyingBIMandre-organisingtheprocessesandrolesinhospitalbuildingprojects.Thistypeofprojectiscomplexduetocomplicatedfunctionalandtechnicalrequirements,decisionmakinginvolvingalargenumberofstakeholders,andlong-termdevelopmentprocesses.

Design/methodology/approach–ThroughdeskresearchandreferringtotheongoingEuropeanresearchprojectInPro,theframeworkforintegratedcollaborationandtheuseofBIMareanalysed.Throughseveralrealcases,thechangingrolesofclients,architects,andcontractorsthroughBIMapplicationareinvestigated.

Findings–OneofthemainfindingsistheidentificationofthemainfactorsforasuccessfulcollaborationusingBIM,whichcanberecognisedas“POWER”:

productinformationsharing（P）,organisationalrolessynergy（O）,workprocessescoordination（W）,environmentforteamwork（E）,andreferencedataconsolidation（R）.Furthermore,itisalsofoundthattheimplementationofBIMinhospitalbuildingprojectsisstilllimitedduetocertaincommercialandlegalbarriers,aswellasthefactthatintegratedcollaborationhasnotyetbeenembeddedintherealestatestrategiesofhealthcareinstitutions.

Originality/value–ThispapercontributestotheactualdiscussioninscienceandpracticeonthechangingrolesandprocessesthatarerequiredtodevelopandoperatesustainablebuildingswiththesupportofintegratedICTframeworksandtools.Itpresentsthestate-of-the-artofEuropeanresearchprojectsandsomeofthefirstrealcasesofBIMapplicationinhospitalbuildingprojects.

KeywordsEurope,Hospitals,TheNetherlands,Constructionworks,Responseflexibility,Projectplanning

PapertypeGeneralreview

1.Introduction

Hospitalbuildingprojects,areofkeyimportance,andinvolvesignificantinvestment,andusuallytakealong-termdevelopmentperiod.Hospitalbuildingprojectsarealsoverycomplexduetothecomplicatedrequirementsregardinghygiene,safety,specialequipments,andhandlingofalargeamountofdata.Thebuildingprocessisverydynamicandcomprisesiterativephasesandintermediatechanges.Manyactorswithshiftingagendas,rolesandresponsibilitiesareactivelyinvolved,suchas:

thehealthcareinstitutions,nationalandlocalgovernments,projectdevelopers,financialinstitutions,architects,contractors,advisors,facilitymanagers,andequipmentmanufacturersandsuppliers.Suchbuildingprojectsareverymuchinfluenced,bythehealthcarepolicy,whichchangesrapidlyinresponsetothemedical,societalandtechnologicaldevelopments,andvariesgreatlybetweencountries（WorldHealthOrganization,2000）.InTheNetherlands,forexample,thewayabuildingprojectinthehealthcaresectorisorganisedisundergoingamajorreformduetoafundamentalchangeintheDutchhealthpolicythatwasintroducedin2008.

Therapidlychangingcontextpostsaneedforabuildingwithflexibilityoveritslifecycle.Inordertoincorporatelife-cycleconsiderationsinthebuildingdesign,constructiontechnique,andfacilitymanagementstrategy,amultidisciplinarycollaborationisrequired.Despitetheattemptforestablishingintegratedcollaboration,healthcarebuildingprojectsstillfacesseriousproblemsinpractice,suchas:

budgetoverrun,delay,andsub-optimalqualityintermsofflexibility,end-user’sdissatisfaction,andenergyinefficiency.Itisevidentthatthelackofcommunicationandcoordinationbetweentheactorsinvolvedinthedifferentphasesofabuildingprojectisamongthemostimportantreasonsbehindtheseproblems.Thecommunicationbetweendifferentstakeholdersbecomescritical,aseachstakeholderpossessesdifferentsetofskills.Asaresult,theprocessesforextraction,interpretation,andcommunicationofcomplexdesigninformationfromdrawingsanddocumentsareoftentime-consuminganddifficult.Advancedvisualisationtechnologies,like4Dplanninghavetremendouspotentialtoincreasethecommunicationefficiencyandinterpretationabilityoftheprojectteammembers.However,theiruseasaneffectivecommunicationtoolisstilllimitedandnotfullyexplored（DawoodandSikka,2008）.Therearealsootherbarriersintheinformationtransferandintegration,forinstance:

manyexistingICTsyste