高中英语教材知识梳理必修一 Unit 1.docx
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高中英语教材知识梳理必修一Unit1
必修一
Unit1 Friendship
Ⅰ.单词语境记忆
1.ignoretheiradvice 忽视他们的意见
2.settleanargument解决争端
3.dislikewatchingTV不喜欢看电视
4.mytennispartner我的网球搭档
5.putonyourovercoat穿上你的大衣
6.givemeapracticaltip给我一条实用的建议
7.lethimworkoutdoors让他在户外工作
8.swap/exchangethepenforyourruler用钢笔换你的尺子
Ⅱ.词性转换与派生记忆
1.thundervi.打雷;雷鸣→n.雷;雷声
2.packvi.&vt.捆扎;包装;打行李→n.小包;包裹
3.entireadj.整个的;完全的;全部的→entirelyadv.完全地
4.powern.能力;力量;权力→powerfuladj.强大的;有力的→powerlessadj.无力的;没有能力的
5.dustyadj.积满灰尘的→dustn.灰尘
6.suffervt.&vi.遭受;忍受;经历→sufferingn.折磨;苦难
7.exactlyadv.确实如此;正是;确切地→exactadj.准确的;精确的
8.recovervi.&vt.痊愈;恢复;重新获得→recoveryn.恢复;复苏
9.disagreevi.不同意→agreevi.同意→agreementn.同意;协议
Ⅲ.单词趣味串记
1.Thebreathingiscalmedwhenthemindbecomessteadyandcalm.
当心宁静下来,呼吸也会变得平和。
2.Istheresomethinggoingonoutsideoftennisthat’supsettingyou,orisitjustthatyou’reupsetaboutlosingthematch?
是网球之外的什么事情让你现在感到如此难受,还是你对输掉了比赛本身感到心烦意乱?
3.Asfarasthetoll-freepolicyontheexpresswayisconcerned,whatconcernsusmostisthetrafficjamwhilesomeareconcernedaboutthesafety.就高速公路免费政策而言,我们最关心的是交通堵塞,然而有些人关心的是交通安全。
『联想记忆』
1.dis-否定前缀词小聚
①disagreevi.不同意
②dislikevt.不喜欢
③disappearvi.消失
④disabilityn.残疾;无能
⑤discouragevt.使气馁
⑥disobeyvt.不服从
2.合成名词(adj.+n.)一览
①highwayn.公路;大路
②blackboardn.黑板
③greenhousen.温室
④deadlinen.最后期限
3.表示负面情绪的形容词集锦
①upset不安的;心烦的
②anxious焦虑的
③annoyed恼火的;生气的
④depressed消沉的;沮丧的
⑤frustrated失意的;挫败的
⑥pessimistic悲观的
⑦blue沮丧的;悲观的
⑧down情绪低落的
4.“感谢”家族
①gratefuladj.感激的
②gratituden.感激
③appreciatev.感激
④appreciationn.感激
⑤thankv.&n.感谢
⑥thankfuladj.感谢的
『短语背诵』
1.addup 合计
2.calm(...)down(使)平静下来;(使)镇定下来
3.beconcernedabout关心;挂念
4.gothrough经历;经受;完成;仔细检查
5.setdown记下;放下;登记
6.aseriesof一连串的;一系列;一套
7.onpurpose故意地;有目的地
8.atdusk在黄昏时刻
9.facetoface面对面地
10.nolonger/not...anylonger不再……
11.get/betiredof对……厌烦
12.pack(sth)up将(东西)装箱打包
13.getalongwith与……相处;进展
14.fallinlove相爱;爱上
15.joinin加入
『词块积累』
1.makealistof列出
2.walkthedog遛狗
3.cheatintheexam考试作弊
4.growcrazyabout对……变得狂热
5.stayawake醒着
6.haveagoodlookat好好看一看
7.fartoomuchlight太多光线
8.godownstairs下楼
9.everythingtodowithnature
和自然有关的一切事物
10.havetroublewithsth/indoingsth
做某事有困难
11.givesbsomeadvice给某人一些建议
12.keepadiary写日记
1.Whilewalkingthedog,youwerecarelessanditgotlooseandwashitbyacar.
在遛狗的时候,你不小心松了手,结果狗被一辆汽车撞了。
2.Sheandherfamilyhidawayfornearlytwenty-fivemonthsbeforetheywerediscovered.
她与家人躲藏了将近二十五个月之后才被发现。
3.Iwonderifit’sbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道这是不是因为我长久无法出门的缘故,我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂热。
4.ItwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenightfacetoface.这是我一年半以来第一次目睹夜晚。
5.Shefounditdifficulttosettleandcalmdowninthehidingplace,becauseshewasconcernedaboutwhethertheywouldbediscovered.她发现在藏身之地很难安身和安静下来,因为她担心会被人发现。
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1.SinceLiMingsettled(定居)here,hehasgotalongwellwithhisneighbours.
2.Theseaiscalm(平静的)andcleartoday,soweshouldgoforalongwalkonthebeach.
3.Childrenshouldspendmoretimetakingexerciseoutdoors(在户外)andlesstimewatchingTVathome.
4.Olderpeopleareeasilyforgottenorignored(忽视)inacountryliketheUSA.
5.Fathersometimesgoestothegymwithusalthoughhedislikes(不喜欢)goingthere.
6.AtfirstIdisagreed(不同意)withhissuggestion,butlaterIchangedmymindandagreed.
7.Afterstayinginhospitalforamonthheisrecovering(康复)fromaheartattack.
8.Theoldkingreturnedtopower(权力)aftertenyears’banishment.
9.Thefirmisworkingonanewproductincombinationwithseveraloverseaspartners(伙伴).
10.Shestoodintheruins,hairloose(松散的),waitingforherpunishment.
Ⅱ.词性变化练习
1.Thedoctorshadgivenherupbutshemadeanexcellentrecovery(recover).
2.Neverbeforehasourcountrybeensopowerful(power)asitistoday.
3.Allthefurnitureisdusty(dust);Iguesstheroomhasbeenemptyforalongtime.
4.It’shardtosayexactly(exact)howmanyJewshesavedduringtheSecondWorldWar.
5.Ourparentsareconcernedaboutourhealth.AsfarasI’mconcerned,weshouldtalkwiththemandtellthemourconcerns.(concern)
6.Afewpeopleagreedwhilemostpeopledisagreed,sonoagreementwasmade.(agree)
7.Theoldmanwentthroughalotofsufferingsintheolddays.What’sworse,hesufferedfromheartattackwhenhewasinhiseighties.(suffer)
8.Theentirevillagewasdestroyed.Itnowlooksentirelydifferentfromthepreviousone.(entire)
Ⅲ.选词填空
addup,gettiredof,gothrough,getalongwith,setdown,fallinlovewith,aseriesof,onpurpose
1.Duringtheinterview,thereporteraskedmea__series__ofquestions.
2.I’llliveinShanghai,becauseIwenttoShanghailastyearandfell__in__love__withit.
3.Ifyouadd__upallthenumbers,you’llfindyouhavemademoreprogress.
4.Havinggot__tired__ofstayingindoorsfordays,wearelongingtogooutandrelaxourselves.
5.Sinceweallliveunderoneroof,weshouldlearnhowtoget__along__withoneanother.
6.Aftergoingthroughalotofthingsinmylife,Idecidetoset__downmyfeelingsonpaper.
7.Shesometimesdoesthingson__purposejusttoannoyme.
8.Youmustremember:
Almosteveryonehadgone__throughmanydifficultiesbeforetheysucceeded.
Ⅳ.补全句子
1.While__climbing__the__mountain,weenjoyedthewarmsunshineandabeautifulview.
爬山时,我们享受到了温暖的阳光和美丽的风景。
2.Ifyoumissthischance,itmaybeyearsbefore__you__get__another__one.
如果你错过了这次机会,可能需要很多年你才能再获得一次。
3.It__was__his__continuous__efforts__thatcausedChinatochangegradually.
正是他的不懈努力使得中国逐渐发生了变化。
4.Icanhonestlysayit__was__the__first__time__thatIhadexperienced“hopelessness”.
我可以诚实地说,这是我第一次感到什么是绝望。
5.Withthedevelopmentofsociety,Ithink__it__important__to__learn__English__well.
随着社会的发展,我认为学好英语很重要。
核心要点突破
1.upsetadj.心烦意乱的;不安的;不适的vt.使不安;使心烦;打翻
(1)beupsetabout/over/atsth为某事烦心/难过
beupsettodosth对做某事感到不安/难过
(2)Whatupsetssbis...让某人心烦的是……
Itupsetssbtodosth/that...让某人心烦的是……
单句语法填空/句型转换
①Shewasupsetto__know(know)thatherapplicationforthepositionwasrefused.
②Shewasupsetthathehadleftwithoutsayinggoodbye.
③Idon’tknowenoughwordsandmygrammarisalsopoor,whichupsetsme.
→It__upsets__me__that__I__don’t__know__enough__words__and__my__grammar__is__also__poor.(it作形式主语)
→What__upsets__me__is__that__I__don’t__know__enough__words__and__my__grammar__is__also__poor.(what引导主语从句)
[佳句背诵]Peoplesometimesfeelveryupsetatwhethertheyshouldvotethosewhoarebetterorwhoaremorefamiliartothem.(2016·江苏高考书面表达)
人们有时会对他们是否应该投票给那些更优秀的人或者他们更熟悉的人感到非常不安。
[名师指津]
(1)upset充当形容词时常用作表语,不能作定语。
(2)upset的过去式和过去分词形式仍为upset;其现在分词形式为upsetting。
2.concernvt.(使)担忧;涉及;关系到n.担心;关注;(利害)关系
(1)show/expressconcernabout/for对……表示关心
(2)concernedadj.担心的;关注的;相关的
beconcernedabout/for担心……;关心……
as/sofaras...beconcerned就……而言;依……之见
单句语法填空
①Thepresidentexpressedgreatconcernabout/forthetrafficincident.
②Presentatthemeetingwereheadmastersoftheschoolsconcerned(concern).
[佳句背诵]AsfarasI’mconcerned,themoreyoupractisepaper-cutting,thebetteratityouwillbecome.(2017·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达)
就我个人而言,你剪纸练习得越多,你就会越擅长它。
[名师指津]形容词concerned作前置定语时,意为“关心的,挂念的,担心的”;作后置定语时,意为“相关的;有关的”。
例如:
aconcernedlook“关切的神情”;theauthoritiesconcerned“有关当局”。
3.powern.能力;力量;权力;动力
(1)inpower 当权
cometo/intopower掌权;上台
doall/everythinginone’spowertodosth竭尽全力做某事
(2)powerfuladj.强大的;有影响/感染力的;有势力的
单句语法填空
①Thoughhehasbeeninpowerfortwoyears,hehasn’tfoundaneffectivesolutiontothecountry’seconomicproblems.
②Oneofthepowerful(power)actionsthegovernmenthastakenistoknockdowntheillegalbuildingstorestorethebeautyofthecity.
[佳句背诵]We’lldoeverythinginourpowertohelpyou,butyoumustgetpreparedtomeetallkindsofdifficulties.(2017·天津高考书面表达)
我们将竭尽全力帮助你,但你必须做好迎接各种困难的准备。
[名师指津]表示“竭尽全力做某事”的表达还有:
①do/tryone’sbesttodosth
②makeeveryefforttodosth
③sparenoefforttodosth
4.settlevi.安家;定居;停留vt.使定居;安排;解决
(1)settlein/settleintosth适应(新家、工作、环境等)
settledown定居;平静下来;专心于
settledownto(doing)sth认真着手做某事
(2)settlern.移民;殖民者
单句语法填空
①They’dliketoseeherdaughtersettledown,getmarriedandhavekids.
②Havingsettledintoabeautifulvillage,hesettleddowntohisresearch.
[佳句背诵]Ifyoudoubleyourefforts,Ithink,theproblemscanbesettledinnotime.(浙江高考书面表达)
我认为,如果你付出双倍的努力,问题就会立刻解决。
[名师指津]短语settlein/into中,in为副词,into为介词;settleinBeijing在北京定居
5.suffervt.&vi.遭受;忍受;经历
(1)sufferpain/defeat/hardship/damage遭受痛苦/失败/艰难/破坏
sufferfrom受……折磨;患……病
(2)sufferingn.痛苦;苦恼;让人痛苦的事
单句语法填空
①TeenagerswhoareaddictedtotheInternetaremorelikelytosufferfromdepression.
②Theoldmanissaidtohavegonethroughvarietiesofsufferings(suffer)duringthewar.
[佳句背诵]Thereisnodenyingthatourearthissufferingseveredamage.(江苏高考书面表达)
不可否认,我们的地球正遭受着严重的破坏。
[名师指津]suffervt.“遭受,蒙受”,其后常接pain,loss,defeat,poverty,hunger,punishment,hardship,damage等名词作宾语;suffervi.后常接from,表示“受……之苦;患某种疾病”。
6.recovervi.&vt.痊愈;恢复;重新获得
(1)recoverfrom 从……中恢复
recoveroneself镇定下来
(2)recoveryn.恢复;复苏;痊愈
makearecoveryfrom从……中恢复
单句语法填空
①Shesoonrecoveredherself(she)andstoppedcrying.
②Eventhoughhewashurtseriouslyinthecaraccident,hefinallyrecoveredfromit.
→Eventhoughhewashurtseriouslyinthecaraccident,hefinallymadearecovery(recover)fromit.
[佳句背诵]Ifyouplease,I’dliketogotheretogetherwithyouinAugustwhenIhaverecovered.(北京高考书面表达)
如果你愿意,我想在8月份康复后和你一起去。
7.addup合计;把……加起来
addsthtosth 把……加到/进……里
addupto加起来共计/达(不用于被动语态)
addto增加;增添(多用于抽象意义)
addthat...补充说……
单句语法填空
①Pleaseaddallthefiguresup,andyouwillgetthetotal.
②Asisknowntoall,goodfriendsaddhap