托福写作方法+素材库+举例子.docx
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托福写作方法+素材库+举例子
为了帮助大家高效备考托福,熟悉托福写作技巧,为大家带来托福写作技巧:
写变量型文章的方法一文,希望对大家托福备考有所帮助。
托福写作技巧:
变量型
为什么要写变量型文章?
什么样的文章适合写成变量型?
例:
Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?
Lifetodayiseasierandmorecomfortablethanitwaswhenyourgrandparentswerechildren.
Structure
Duetotheprogressoftechnology,manythingsindailylifearemucheasierandmoreconvenientthaninthepast.
However,progressdoesnotonlymakeourlifeeasier,anditalsomakessurvivingharderinmanyways.
段落扩展示例
However,progressdoesnotonlymakeourlifeeasier,anditalsomakessurvivingharderinmanycases.
Explanation
Examplesand/ordetails
Explanation:
Advancedtechnologyallowspeopletolivelonger,sothatanincreasingpopulationconsumesthelimitednaturalresourcesonthisplanet.
Examplesanddetails:
Thisgivesraisetomanyproblemslikestarvation,unemployment,andevenwarsforresourceslikewaterandpetroleum.Therecentwarsinourworldhadmanythingstodowithsuchresourcesandwarstakeawaypeople’slivesanddestroyhappinessandhope.(Tobecontinued)
Examplesanddetails:
Unfortunately,sinceourtechnologyisnotadvancedenoughtocreateresources,suchconflictsareunlikelytobefinishedandtheymaybecomemoreseriousinthefuture.Also,theincreasingpopulationmakesourcitiesmuchmorecrowdedthaninthepast,andgraduatesfromcollegesanduniversitieshaveslimmerchangestogetgoodjobsaswellbecausetherearetoomanyofthembutsolimitedpositions.Suchproblemsareallcreatedbytechnologicalprogressandpeopleinthepastdidnotneedtofacethematall.
真题解析
Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?
Ajobwithahighsalarybutlittlevacationtimeisbetterthanajobwithalowsalarybutmuchvacationtime.
Structure
Mostyoungpeopleandmiddle-agedpeoplecaremuchmoreabouthowmuchtheyearnthanabouttheleisuretime.
Foragedpeople,themainpurposetohavejobsisnolongertomakemoney,andtheymayneedmorevacationtimeinsteadofhighersalaries.
ParagraphDeveloping
Topicsentence:
Youngpeoplearewillingtosacrificesomeorevenalloftheirleisuretimeformoremoneybecausethattheyallwishtoliveavividlife.
Subpoint1:
desireformoney
Subpoint2:
sacrificevacationtime
Subpoint1:
Formostyoungpeople,moneyisneededeverywhere.Boysarefascinatedwiththelatestdigitalproductsandevenautomobiles,andgirlsareaddictedtofashionableclothesandmakeups.Plus,theyhangoutwithfriendsandhavedinnerswithpeopleatworkfrequently.Thatrequiresmuchexpenseaswell.Withoutmoney,youngpeopleareunlikelytofeelhappyandsatisfied.
Subpoint2:
Asforvacationtime,youngpeoplereallydonotcareaboutitverymuch,fortheyhavemanyotherchoicestogetrelaxedortohavefun.Theycangetoverandfeelenergeticagainbyhavingagoodsleepatnight,andtheycanwatchmoviesorgoshoppingorplayvideogameswithfriendsafterwork.
Conclusion:
Thatiswhywhattheyexpectthemostfromtheirjobsistheincomebutnotvacations.
素材库如下
Overexploitation
Aspeciesthatfacesoverexploitationisonethatmaybecomeseverelyendangeredorevenextinctduetotherateinwhichthespeciesisbeingused.Unrestrictedwhalingduringthe20thcenturyisanexampleofoverexploitation,andthewhalingindustrybroughtmanyspeciesofwhalestoextremelylowpopulationsizes.Whenseveralwhalespecieswerenearlyextinct,anumberofnations(includingtheUnitedStates)agreedtoabidebyaninternationalmoratoriumonwhaling.Duetothismoratorium,somewhalespecies,suchasthegreywhale,havemaderemarkablecomebacks,whileothersremainthreatenedorendangered.
Duetothetradeinanimalparts,manyspeciescontinuetosufferhighratesofexploitation.Eventoday,therearedemandsforitemssuchasrhinohornsandtigerbonesinseveralareasofAsia.Itisherethatthereexistsastrongmarketfortraditionalmedicinesmadefromtheseanimalparts.
MoreFactors
Disease,pollution,andlimiteddistributionaremorefactorsthatthreatenvariousplantandanimalspecies.Ifaspeciesdoesnothavethenaturalgeneticprotectionagainstparticularpathogens,anintroduceddiseasecanhavesevereeffectsonthatspecie.Forexample,rabiesandcaninedistempervirusesarepresentlydestroyingcarnivorepopulationsinEastAfrica.Domesticanimalsoftentransmitthediseasesthataffectwildpopulations,demonstratingagainhowhumanactivitieslieattherootofmostcausesofendangerment.Pollutionhasseriouslyaffectedmultipleterrestrialandaquaticspecies,andlimiteddistributionsarefrequentlyaconsequenceofotherthreats;populationsconfinedtofewsmallareasduetoofhabitatloss,forexample,maybedisastrouslyaffectedbyrandomfactors.
(T44travelwithacompanionortravelalone)
TravelSoloorwithaCompanion
Whetheryoushouldtravelaloneorwithagroupprimarilydependsuponyourpersonality. Iwillbrieflydescribeeachoption, listingtheprosandcons,tohelpyoudecidewhichtravelstyleisthebestforyou.
TravelingSolo
Pros:
Meetandinteractwithmorepeople
Goingwhereyouwanttogo,whenyouwanttogo,withwhomeveryouwanttogowith
Allowsyoutofindyourowntraveltechniques(asopposedtogoingwithatourgroup)
Forcesyoutoassertyourindependence
Cons:
Travelingalonecanbeintimidating(吓人的,令人生畏的)
Mustovercomeanyshynessyoumayhaveinordertomeetotherpeople
Decidingwhereyouwanttogoandwhattodoonceyouarethererequiresmoreeffortonyourpartthanlettingsomeoneelsemakeallormostofthedecisions
Forcesyoutoassertyourindependence(thiscanbeeitheraprooracondependingonwhetherornotyouthinkbeingindependentis:
(1)importantand
(2)possibleforyourlevelofemotionalgrowth)
FYI:
ItraveledsoloduringmythreemonthtriptoEuropeandIhadanexcellenttime. Iwouldn'twanttotravelanyotherway. KeepinmindthatthisadviceiscomingfromsomeonewhoisrelativelyshyandhadnevertraveledanywherealonebeforegoingtoEurope.
Travelingwithacompanionorcompanions
Pros:
Youalwayshavesomeonetotalkto/consultwith
Youcansharefood,clothing,toiletries,accommodations,etc.(savingroominyourpackandsometimesmoney)
Youwillhavesomeonetoshareyourmemorieswith(andtakeyourpictureinfrontoftheEiffelTower)
Youmayforgealifelongfriendship/friendshipswithyourtravelcompanion(s)
Cons:
Beingwiththesameperson/people24/7canbeveryannoying(youcouldloseyourfriendshipoverthis)
Dependingonsomeoneelsecanberisky--peoplecanflakeoutonyou(takeallyourmoney, abandonyou,etc.)
Memoriesofyourtripmayturnouttobenightmares(constantfightingoverwheretogoandwhattosee,etc.)
Travelingasgroupmaymakeitmoredifficulttomeetotherpeoplebecausegroupstendtobepronetoexclusivityandcanbeintimidatingtoothertravelers
(T45getupearlyinthemorningandstarttheday'swork,orgetuplaterinthedayandworkuntillateatnight)
Itiswelltobeupbeforedaybreak,forsuchhabitscontributetohealth,wealth,andwisdom.(Aristotle)
Earlyriser早起的人
Whygetupearly?
I’dsaythemainreasonisthatyou’llhavealotmoretimetodothingsthataremoreinterestingthansleeping.
Again,I’vegainedabout10-15hoursperweekdoingthis.Thatextratimeisverynoticeable.By6:
30am,I’vealreadyexercised,showered,hadbreakfast,andI’matmydeskreadytogotowork.Icanputinalotofhourseachdayofproductivework,andI’musuallydonewithworkby5:
00pm(andthatincludespersonal“work”likeemail,payingbills,pickingupdaughterfrompreschool,etc).Thisgivesme5-6hoursofdiscretionarytimeeveryeveningforfamily,leisureactivities,Toastmasters,reading,journaling,etc.Andbestofall,Istillhaveenergyduringthistime.Havingtimeforeverythingthat’simportanttomemakesmefeelverybalanced,relaxed,andoptimistic.
Thinkaboutwhatyoucoulddowiththatextratime.Evenanextra30minutesperdayisenoughtoexercisedaily,readabookortwoeachmonth,maintainablog,meditatedaily,cookhealthyfood,learnamusicalinstrument,etc.Asmallamountofextratimeeachdayaddsuptosignificantamountsoverthecourseofayear.30minutesadayis182.5hoursinayear.That’smorethanamonthofworkingfull-time(40hoursperweek).Doubleitifyousave60minutesaday,andtripleitifyousave90minutesaday.Formethesavingswasabout90minutes/day.That’slikegettingafreebonusyeareverydecade.I’musingthistimetodothingsthatIpreviouslydidn’thavethetimeandenergytodo.It’swonderful.
46开头可以些:
Thefunnythingisthatpeopleoveremphasizewhichqualitiesaparentshouldhaveandhowtodefineagoodparent;atthesametime,however,weoverlooktheissueofchildren,includingthegoodqualitiesthatasonoradaughtershouldhave.Inthisessay,Iwilldiscusssomeofthevirtuesachildmusthave.
47在大公司工作的好处:
(1)workingonalargejob;
(2)enjoyingagoodopportunitytolearnconstantly(Becausethecompanyissolarge,Ihavetheopportunitytoworkonseveraldifferenttypesofprojectswithdifferentequipmentrequirements–Iamconstantlylearningonthejob.)(3)flexibletimescheduling,lessgossips,freeworkingenvironment;(4)diversity.
(T51takingrisksorchancesVScarefulplanning)
Risk:
Youmayworryabouttherisksofinvesting,buttherealriskisthatyouwilloutliveyourmoney.
Twokindsoffinancialrisksare:
Theriskoflosingyourmoneyifyouact
Theriskoflosingmoneyifyoudon'tact
Takeadvantageofthreesecretsofsuccessfulinvestors
1.Startassoonaspossible
2.