大学英语四科大四级模拟题 2.docx

大学英语四科大四级模拟题 2.docx

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大学英语四科大四级模拟题2

大学英语四级模拟试卷

PartI.ReadingComprehension（40%）

Directions:

Thereare4readingpassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions.ForeachquestiontherearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethebestanswertoeachquestion.

Passage1

Everycountrytendstoacceptitsownwayoflifeasbeingnormaloneandtopraiseorcriticizeothersastheyaresimilartoordifferentfromit.Andunfortunately,ourpictureofthepeopleandthewayoflifeofothercountriesisoftenadistortedone.Hereisagreatargumentinfavoroftravelingabroadandlearningforeignlanguages.Itisonlybytravelingorlivinginacountryandgettingtoknowitsinhabitantsandtheirlanguagethatonecanfindoutwhatacountryanditspeoplearelike.Andhowdifferenttheknowledgeonegainsthiswayfrequentlyturnsouttobefromthesecond-handinformationgatheredfromothersources!

Howoftenwefindthattheforeignerswhomwethoughttobesuchdifferentpeoplefromourselvesarenotverydifferentafterall.

Differencesbetweenpeoplesdo,ofcourse,existand,onehopes,willalwayscontinuetoexist.Theworldwillbeadullplaceindeedwhenallthedifferentnationalitiesbehaveexactlyalike,andsomepeoplemightsaythatwearerapidlyapproachingthisstateofaffairs.WithalmostthewholeofWesternEuropebelongingtotheEuropeanEconomicCommunity（EEC）andtheincreasingstandardizationthisbringsabout,plusthemuchgreaterrapidityandeaseoftravel,theremightseemsometruthinthis—atleastasfarasEuropeisconcerned.Howeverthismaybe,atlestthegreatereaseoftraveltodayhasrevealedtomorepeoplethaneverbeforethattheEnglishmanorFrenchmanorGermanisnotsomedifferentanimalfromthemselves.

1.Thepassageismostlyconcernedwiththeissueof____.

A.advantagesoftheEEC

B.attitudestowardsothercountries

C.learningforeignlanguages

D.differencesamongpeople

2.Accordingtotheauthor,____.

A.ourknowledgeofotherculturesarealwayswrong

B.readingbooksaboutothercountriesisthesafestwayofunderstandingtheirpeoples

C.therearemoresimilaritiesthandifferencesamongdifferentpeople

D.therearemoredifferencesthansimilaritiesamongdifferentpeople

3.SomepeoplethinkthatEuropeanpeoplesareidentifyingthemselveswitheachotherbecauseofthefollowingEXCEPT_____.

A.theestablishmentoftheEEC

B.thegreaterrapidityandeaseoftravel

C.theincreasingstandardization

D.therapidindustrialization

4.Theclause“Howeverthismaybe”suggeststhat____.

A.theauthorisgoingtointroduceanewidea

B.theauthorisabouttoavoidanyconclusion

C.theauthorisabouttogiveuphisownpointofview

D.theauthorwillsticktohisownpointofview

5.Thepassageseemstoattachimportanceto____.

A.thegreatereaseoftravelnowadaysthanbefore

B.theuncontrollabletendencytoidentification

C.thesimilaritiesintermsofwayoflifebetweendifferentcultures

D.thedifferencesbetweenEuropeanpeoplesandothernations

Passage2

Themoretimescientistsspenddesigningcomputersthemoretheymarvelatthehumanbrain.Tasksthatbaffle（难住）themostadvancedsupercomputer—recognizingaface,readingahandwrittennote—arechild’splayforthe3-poundorgan.Mostimportant,unlikeanyconventionalcomputer,thebraincanlearnfromitsmistakes.Researchershavetriedforyearstoprogramcomputerstoimitatethebrain’sabilities,butwithoutsuccess.Nowagrowingnumberofdesignersbelievetheyhavetheanswer:

ifacomputeristofunctionmorelikeapersonandlesslikeanover-growncalculatoritmustbebuiltmorelikeabrain,whichdistributesinformationacrossavastinterconnectedwebofnervecells,orneurons.

Conventionalcomputersfunctionbyfollowingachainlikesequenceofdetailedinstructions.Althoughveryfast,theirprocessorscanperformonlyonetaskatatime.Thisapproachworksbestinsolvingproblemsthatcanbebrokendownintosimplerlogicalpieces.Theprocessorsinaneural-networkcomputer,bycontrast,formanetworkmuchlikethenervecellsinthebrain.Sincetheseartificialneuronsareinterconnected,theycanshareinformationandperformtasksatthesametime.Thistwo-dimensionalapproachworksbestatrecognizingpatterns.

Insteadofprogramminganeural-networkcomputertomakedecisions,itsmakertrainsittorecognizepatternsinanysolutiontoaproblembyrepeatedlyfeedingexamplestothemachine.

Neuralnetworkscomeinallshapesandsizes.Untilnowmostexistedassoftwaresimulations（模拟品）becauseredesigningcomputerchipstookalotoftimeandmoney.Byexperimentingwithdifferentapproachesthroughsoftwareratherthanhardware,scientistshavebeenabletoavoidcostlymistakes.

6.Itcanbeinferredfromthefirstparagraphthatthemostadvancedsupercomputer____.

A.canrecognizeafaceandreadahandwrittennote

B.canlearnfromitsmistakes

C.weighonly3pounds

D.cannotdistributeinformationacrossaninterconnectedwebofnervecells

7.WhatisNOTtrueofaconventionalcomputer?

A.Itmustbeprogrammedbeforeitworks.

B.Itcanonlysolveoneproblematatime.

C.Itisgoodatsolvingoneproblematatime.

D.Itistrainedtorecognizepatternsinsteadofmakingdecisions.

8.Themainfeatureofaneural-networkcomputeristhat____.

A.itsprocessorsactasaninterconnectedwebofneutrons

B.itisprogrammedtomakedecisions

C.itsnetworksareofallshapesandsizes

D.itsneuronsareartificial

9.Theexpression“thistwo-dimensionalapproach”inthesecondparagraphrefersto____.

A.theconventionalcomputerandtheneuralcomputer

B.makingdecisionsandrecognizingpatterns

C.sharinginformationandperformingtasks

D.thecomputerandthehumanbrain

10.Scientistsusesoftwareratherthanhardwareintheirexperimentsbecause____.

A.itcanavoidredesigningcomputerchips

B.itcansavealotoftimeandmoney

C.itcanavoidmakingmistakes

D.itismorelikethehumanbrain

Passage3

Teenagerswhohavedonewellinhighschoolareusuallyconfidentandcollege-bound—buttheyarenotthemajority.Manyoftheirpeershavenotyetlearnednecessarysurvivalskillsorexperiencedanyfeelingofachievement.Theylackboththejobskillsandthesophisticationthatareneededtofindworkinatightjobmarket.Theirsagging（消沉的）self-imageisnotimprovedwhentheyarerejectedbyprospectiveemployerswhohaveneitherthetimenorthebudgettotrainrawrecruits.

Todaybusinessandindustryareengagedinmyriadmysteriousmachinations（谋划）thatchallengetheunderstandingofeventhebrightestadult.Nowonderyoungpeople,freshoutofseniorgovernmentclass,arelost!

Somehighschoolsacknowledgestudents’needsbyofferingworkexperienceandcareerobservationandexplorationprograms.Oftentheshyest,leastsuccessfulstudentswillnotevenapply.Formany,approachingthefirstrung（梯级）ofthecareerladderisthemostdifficultstepintheentirelifetimecareerprocess.Statisticsshowthattheunemploymentrateforyoungadultsistwotothreetimeshigherthantheratefortheremainderofthepopulation.

WalterWilliams,whoteachesatTempleUniversity,favorsalowerminimumageandwageforteenagers.Hemaintainssuchchangeswouldincreaseemploymentfortheyoung,especiallyminorities,allowingthemtostepupontothefirstrungofthecareerladderandgainbadlyneededworkexperience.Suchservicesasmovieusheringandcarhoppingmightbereinstated（恢复）withouttakingjobsawayfromolderpeople.

11.Accordingtotheauthor,mosthighschoolteenagers______.

A.areconfidentB.arestupid

C.lackconfidenceD.lackfinancialsupport

12.Theword“peers”inline2,paragraph1means_____.

A.childrenB.parents

C.noblemenD.equals

13.Atthebeginningofthesecondparagraph,theauthortriestoconvincethereaderthat_____.

A.teenagersarenottoblameforthepresentsituation

B.youngpeoplearenotdoingwellinsomehighschools

C.thereissomethingwrongwiththegovernment’spolicies

D.adultsarecertainlyclevererthanteenagers

14.Theauthorbelievesthat______.

A.youngpeopleshouldtakefirmstepstostarttheircareers

B.youngpeopleshouldhelptheadultswhenevertheycan

C.highschoolgraduatesshouldchoosetogotocollegefirst

D.unemploymentshouldbedoneawaywithinthiscountry

15.WalterWilliamsthinksthat_____.

A.youngpeopleallneedtoearnsomepocketmoney

B.somejobssuittheyoungonly

C.onlystudentswithworkexperiencearesuitableforcollegeeducation

D.youngpeopleallneedsomeworkexperience

Passage4

Thereisnoquestionthatthepooraresicker.Unfortunately,therearenonationwidemortality（死亡率）statisticsbyincome.Oneofthebeststudieshasbeenarecentcomparisonofpovertyandnon-povertyareasinChicago（Thisdoesnotpermitreallyfineanalysis,becauseofthelimitationsofareacomparisons）.Crudemortalityinpovertyareaswasonlythreepercenthigherthaninnon-povertyarea;butthepeopleinpovertyareasareyounger,andifithadbeenpossibletocomputeage-specificrates,thedifferenceswouldbemuchgreater.Differentials（差异）ininfantmortalitywereverylarge—75percenthigherinpovertythaninnon-povertyareas.Inbothcases,thedifferencesbetweenwhiteandnonwhitewereevenmoresubstantialthanbetweenpovertyandnon-povertyareas.

Theclearestandbestevidenceofpoorerhealthamongthepooristobefoundinstudiesofdaysofdisabilityperpersonperyear,wheredifferencesoftheorderoftwo-to-onearefound.Thoseinfamilieswithincomeofunder$2,000ayearhave29restrictedactivitydaysaye