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高级口译阅读篇
高级口译阅读篇
主讲:
陈绮
欢迎使用新东方在线电子教材
第一章高口阅读概况
一高口阅读概况
笔译考察:
听力、阅读、翻译
30分钟的阅读题目考核时间
阅读分成两个部分:
即Scection2和Scection5。
Scection2中有四篇文章,题型为选择题,共20道题目。
Scection5共有三篇文章,题型为简答题,共10道题目。
参考资料《英语高级口译全真试题集》
二提高阅读六大准备工作
1、词汇
1)基础8000词
参考资料:
TOEFL词汇
2)新闻词:
back支持
hit变得流行起来
上海新东方学校论坛 阅读攻略版
参考资料:
《单挑》
专业词
topic:
society,politics,law,economy&finance,ethics(bioethics,scientificbreakthrough),terrorism,spaceresearch,artsandliterature,entertainment,etc.
infertility不育症
embryo胚胎
germlinegeneticmanipulation种系基因控制
IVF试管受孕
4)时事词:
annushorribilis 大灾年、恐怖的年份
advergame电玩游戏
5)外来词:
oolong,chic,avant-garde,zeitgeist
a)
2、句子结构:
长句短读
3、文章的结构
句子生来不平等
关键是找到文章的主题和主线
4、出题位置预测
5、选项和题型分析
Scection2常见题型:
细节题:
例子功能题
词义句义理解题
判断题
推断题
主旨题
阅读题解题技巧:
做笔记
第二章真题分析 一
2002年3月section2Questions1~5(全真试题集P95)
重点在于分析文章的主线和枝节信息
第一段
HelenBeasleysaysshedidnotsetouttobecomeasurrogatemother.
HelenBeasley文章开头出现的一个人物
文章中人物的作用:
1、文章的主角Leadingrole
2、议论文中的Example
3、被引用者的话Quotation
东西方新闻报道焦点不同:
西方新闻更愿意暴露社会上尖锐、新奇、有争议的事件。
The26-year-oldlegalsecretaryfromShrewsbury,England,asinglemomwitha9-yearoldson,wasthinkingmoreaboutbecomingapaideggdonor.
eggdonor.卵子捐献者
本句很具体,目的是为了说明第一句话。
WhensheboughtherfirstcomputeranddidsomeresearchontheInternet,thetalesofchildlesscouplesshecameacrossbrokeherheart,shesays,andmadeherthinkofgoingonestepfurther,assome20,000surrogatemomsdoeachyearintheU.S."
本句也非常具体,也是对第一句话的说明和支持。
ThemoreIthoughtaboutit,"shesays,"themoreIthoughtofhappyendings."
本句的目的也是为了证明第一句话所表达的主旨。
注意:
英美一流报刊文章通常是倒三角结构,文章的前三分之一一定会表明文章主旨、核心、线索。
第二段
Six-and-a-halfmonthsafterherfirstsurrogatepregnancybegan,astwinbabieskickinsideher,Beasleycouldnotbemuchfartherfromahappyending.
主句:
Beasleycouldnotbemuchfartherfromahappyending说明这篇文章描述的是一件坏事情。
.
She’smiredinabitterlegalbattlewithCharlesWheelerandMarthaBerman,theSanFranciscoattorneyswhofoundherclassifiedadontheInternetandflewheroverlastMarchforatriptoafertilityclinic.
Mired使……深陷泥潭
本句中有很多具体的描述,这些具体的东西在阅读的时候都可以被忽视,我们只需明确主角陷入了官司中。
PregnantwithonemorebabythanWheelerandBermanwanted,Beasleysays,shehasreceivedonly1,000ofthe20,000theyoriginallyagreedtopayher.
本句中有很多数字,而数字往往是可以被忽略的。
Thefateofthetwinsshe’scarryingbutdoesnotwantorhavelegalrightstowillbedecidedbyaCaliforniacourt,inoneofthemostbizarresurrogacycasesyet.
Bizarre:
奇怪
文章的第二段把案子的背景信息告诉了大家。
第三段:
BeasleyacknowledgestheWheelerandBerman,whohaverefusedtotalktothemedia,madeitclearintheirdiscussionsthattheywantedjustonechild.
What’smore,notesStanfordlawprofessorDeborahRhode,"theirswasaveryextensivecontract.
What’smore:
更有甚者
重要连接词及用法:
Furthermore,moreover,thatis,thatistosay,i.e,also
等递进连接词后面的信息更加重要
StanfordlawprofessorDeborahRhode:
文章中的头衔可以略看
Therewere50clauseprovidingforeverycontingency,"includingthecaseofamultiplepregnancy,arealpossibilitygiventhatthreedonoreggsfertilizedbyWheeler’sspermwereimplantedinBeasley’swomb.
Contingency:
可能性、偶然性
Including的出现说明接下来的文字要列举一系列的内容,这些列举内容都是非常具体的,不太可能成为主题句,在口译阅读中可以略看。
ThecontractrequiredBeasleytohonorthecouple’sdecisionaboutwhethertohaveaselectivereduction,theterminationofoneormorefetusesinamultiplepregnancy.
Fetuses:
胚胎
Still,Beasleysays,"Ididn’trealizetheywouldgosoballistic"overtheideaoftwins.
Ballistic:
勃然大怒
第三段的主题在于What’smore引出的句子中,关键词extensive
特别记录,第三段的很多内容与合同、官司有关。
第四段:
BeasleyclaimsshewouldhavegonethroughwiththeselectivereductionhasWheelerandBermanmadethearrangementsearlyinthepregnancy.
But,asshetellsit,therewasalengthye-mailrowbetweenthetwosidesafterBeasleyreturnedtoEngland:
But关键转折词,异曲同工的词还有however,yet,nevertheless,nonetheless这些词后面的信息很重要
Row在本篇文章的用法:
2.Theword"row"inthesentence"therewasalengthyemailrowbetweenthetwosides"(Para.4)canbereplacedby________.
(A)negotiation磋商(B)argument争吵
(C)communication交流(D)dialogue对话
itwasapettyaffairinwhicheachaccusedtheotherofgoingonvacationwithoutwarning,butittookweekstomediate.
BythetimeWheelerandBermanbookedBeasley’sflighttoCaliforniaforthereduction,itwasweek13ofherpregnancy,shesays.
第四段的关键在于明确文章中的两方人物有争执。
第五段
Atthatstage,Beasleyfeltthatterminatingafetuswaswrong.Plus,thelatedateincreasedtheriskthatbothfetuseswouldbelostintheprocedure.Herhighbloodpressurewasalreadycomplicatingthepregnancy.
Atthatstage:
在那个阶段
以上三句话,是在并列说明一个主题,内容很具体,可以略看
BeasleyclaimsthatWheelerandBerman’slawyer,whodeclinedtocomment,presentedherwithtwooptions:
toterminateonefetusasrequestedorterminatebothandstillgetpaid.
本句也是并列说明,可以略看。
第六段
Unwillingtodoeither,Beasleytriedtocompromiseoptionofseekingotherpotentialparent.
从本句看出,本段开始的内容将是主人公“寻找出路”的地方。
Shesaysbothsidesofferedcandidatesbutfoughtoverwhat-ifanything-thenewcomerswouldpayWheelerandBermanfortheirin-vitrofertilizationanddonor-eggexpenses.
-ifanything-
破折号的作用:
1、解释:
用浅显的语言说明复杂的内容。
2、总结:
前面简单,后面浓缩。
3、分隔:
两个破折号一定是分隔作用,第一个破折号总结、解释前面的内容,后面的破折号就是一个插入的作用。
InBritainthematterwouldhavebeensimpler.There,surrogatemothershavefulllegalrightstothebabiestheybearforatleastthefirstsixweeks.ButsincethecontractwassignedinCalifornia,Beasley,nowlivinginSanDiego,supportedbyherlawyerthere,issuingtoseverthecouple’srightsoverthechildrenandclaimunspecifieddamages.
Britain、California:
地点强对比往往会蕴含着考点
BylastThursdaythebloodwassobadthatBermanhadthemanwhocametoserveherwithpapersthrownoutofherofficebuilding.
Blood:
脾气
本句内容非常具体,不会成为考点。
第七段
Thisverypubicdebaclehassurrogacysupportersprettysteamedtoo."TheonlyvictimsIseeinthiscasearethosebabiesandsurrogateparentingitself,"saysShirleyZager,directoroftheIllinois-basedOrganizationofParentsThroughSurrogacy,herselfasurrogatemother.
ShirleyZager,directoroftheIllinois-basedOrganizationofParentsThroughSurrogacy,herselfasurrogatemother.从语者的经历和头衔可以推测出语者的支持倾向
AccordingtolawprofessorRhode,changesofhearthappeninonly4outofevery10,000legalsurrogatearrangements;however,suchcasesusuallyinvolvethesurrogatemomwantingtokeepheroffspringafterthey’reborn
Andeventhoughtheyhavebeenthroughalottogether,Beasleyhasnosuchplansforthetwins."Financially,emotionally,Idon’thavethemeans,"shesays.Theirhappyendingwillhavetowait.
1.Accordingtothepassages,HelenBeasleybecameasurrogatemothermainlybecause______.
(A)shewantedtohaveadaughterofherown
(B)shelikedtobeavoluntaryeggdonor
(C)shehadmuchsympathyforthosechildlessfamilies
(D)sheneededthemoneyfromsurrogateparenting
答案来源:
WhensheboughtherfirstcomputeranddidsomeresearchontheInternet,thetalesofchildlesscouplesshecameacrossbrokeherheart,shesays,andmadeherthinkofgoingonestepfurther,assome20,000surrogatemomsdoeachyearintheU.S."
本题是细节题,可以从上下文找到答案。
2.Theword"row"inthesentence"therewasalengthyemailrowbetweenthetwosides"(Para.4)canbereplacedby________.
(A)negotiation(B)argument
(C)communication(D)dialogue
3.ItcanbefoundfromthepassagesthatthecontractbetweenBeasleyandWheelerandBerman_____.
(A)wasunfairtothesurrogatemother
(B)wasquitecomprehensiveandacceptedbybothparties
(C)didnotincludeclausesrelatedtomultiplepregnancy
(D)specifiedthereductionofpaymentincaseofmultiplepregnancy
(B)Comprehensive与第三段关键词extensive形成呼应
注意:
类似这样的题目一定优先选择主题相符的答案,这是非常的主题原则。
4.Accordingtothepassage,BeasleyrefusedtoterminateoneofthefetusesoutofallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat____.
(A)herhighbloodpressurewouldleadtodangerinoperation
(B)bothofthetwinfetuseswouldfacetheriskofbeinglost
(C)theterminationwouldbetoolateafterweek13ofherpregnancy
(D)thedecisiontoreducefetuseswascruelandunethical
答案来源第五段
5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?
(A)Beasleyisgoingtokeepthetwinsherself.
(B)Bothsidesareseekingpotentialparents.
(C)Thelawsconcerningsurrogatemotheringaredifferentinthetwocountries.
(D)Thecaseisquiteunusualcomparedwithmostothersurrogatecases.
总结:
答题技巧:
分清主题和细节(数字,例子,引用,etc.),做好笔记
第三章真题分析二
(全真试题集P72)
阅读技巧:
抓主题,具体细节如名人的话、数字、头衔可以跳读。
本篇文章的阅读关键在于抓住主题。
第一段
SupermarketgroupTesco,nowthebiggestretailerintheUK,rangupitsfirst£1bnprofitlastyearandyesterdayclaimedtobethefastestgrowingmajorretailerintheworld.
Now:
时间强对比词。
The700-strongchain,onceregardedasadownmarketpile-it-high-and-sell-it-cheapbusiness,israkinginsalesofnearly£23bnayearandproducingaprofitof£3maday.
Downmarket:
底端市场
pile-it-high-and-sell-it-cheap薄利多销
rakein赚取、获得
OnlyoneUKretailer-MarksSpencer-haseverbreachedthe£1bnbarrierbeforeandMShassincesufferedanaboutt-turninitsfortunes.Inmadeonly£430mlastyear.
aboutt-turn:
大逆转
第二段
Despitecriticismfromconsumergroupsandsomefarmers’representatives,Tesco,whichnowaccountsfor£25ofevery£100spentongroceriesinUK,insisteditwasnotmakingexcessiveprofits.
Despite:
尽管
类似的词although、though、inspite,inspiteof,etc.引导让步状语从句,重点部分在于主句。
ChiefexecutiveTerryLeahysaidthechainwasmakingonlyjustover£3profitfromevery£100purchaseanddeputychairmanDavidReidsaidthegrowthhadbeendrivenby“betterservice,qualityandvalueformoney”.
有具体数字和“牛人”的具体内容可以忽略。
本段只需特别关注关键句insisteditwasnotmakingexcessiveprofits.
第三段