高考英语语法复习教案被动语态的时态.docx

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高考英语语法复习教案被动语态的时态.docx

高考英语语法复习教案被动语态的时态

2019-2020年高考英语语法复习教案-被动语态的时态

只有及物动词才有被动语态,不及物动词加介词也可构成被动语态,宾语变成了主语,主语是动作的承受者:

1.一般现在时(am/is/are+done):

Youarewantedonthephone.

TheGreatWallofChinaisknownallovertheworld.

2.一般过去时(was/were+done):

Thecitywasliberatedin1948.

Iwasaskedtodothiswork.

3.一般将来时(willbedone):

Theywillbeinvitedtotheparty.

Thematterwillbediscussedatthenextmeeting.

4.现在进行时(am/is/are+beingdone):

Thecarisbeingrepaired.

Thequestionisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.

5.现在完成时(have/hasbeendone):

Thebridgehasalreadybeenbuilt.

ThisstoryhasbeentranslatedintoEnglish.

6.过去将来时(wouldbedone):

Hesaidthatthetreeswouldbeplanted.

7.过去进行时(was/werebeingdone):

Themachinewasbeingpaintedthen.

8.过去完成时(hadbeendone):

Theworkhadbeenfinishedbeforedark.

9.带情态动词的被动语态(canbedone):

Thisbikemustnotbeputhere.

Canitbefinishedintwohours?

10.带不定式的被动语态:

Themurdererwassuretobepunished.

Theflowerswanttobewatered.

高考新剖析

1.MyparentshavepromisedtoetoseemebeforeI

__________forAfrica.[xx年高考辽宁卷]

A.haveleftB.leaveC.leftD.willleave

2.Progress__________sofarverygoodandwearesurethatthe

workwillbefinishedontime.[xx年高考全国卷Ⅱ]

A.wasB.hadbeenC.hasbeenD.willbe

B

C

3.Thisisthefirsttimewe__________afilminthecinematogether

asafamily.[xx年高考陕西卷]

A.seeB.hadseenC.sawD.haveseen

4.Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?

Theweatherreport__________,

andIwanttolisten.[xx年高考湖南卷]

A.isbroadcastB.isbeingbroadcast

C.hasbeenbroadcastD.hadbeenbroadcast

5.—Hi,Terry,canIuseyourputerforawhilethisafternoon?

—Sorry.__________.[xx年高考江苏卷]

A.It’srepairedB.Ithasbeenrepaired

C.It’sbeingrepairedD.Ithadbeenrepaired

6.—HaveyouknownDrJacksonforalongtime?

—Yes,sinceshe__________theChineseSociety.

[xx年高考全国卷Ⅰ]

A.hasjoinedB.joins

C.hadjoinedD.joined

D

B

C

D

7.—Whatisthepriceofpetrolthesedays?

—Oh,it__________sharplysincelastmonth.

[xx年高考江西卷]

A.israisedB.hasrisen

C.hasarisenD.isincreased

8.—YouspeakverygoodFrench!

—Thanks.I__________FrenchinSichuanUniversityforfour

years.[xx年高考四川卷]

A.studiedB.studyC.wasstudyingD.hadstudied

9.Thehotelwasn’tparticularlygood,butI__________inmany

worsehotels.[xx年高考北京卷]

A.wasstayingB.stayedC.wouldstayD.hadstayed

10.Accordingtotheliteraryreview,Shakespeare__________his

characterslivethroughtheirlanguageinhisplays.

[xx年高考福建卷]

A.willmakeB.hadmadeC.wasmakingD.makes

B

A

D

D

11.He__________footballsregularlyformanyyearswhenhewas

young.[xx年高考天津卷]

A.wasplayingB.played

C.hasplayedD.hadplayed

12.Inrecentyearsmanyfootballclubs__________asbusinessto

makeaprofit.[xx年高考上海卷]

A.haverunB.havebeenrun

C.hadbeenrunD.willrun

13.Cathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassat

SunshineSchool,whereshe__________Englishforayear.

A.studiesB.studied

CisstudyingD.hasbeenstudying

14.—Ihavegotaheadache.

—Nowonder.You__________infrontofthatputertoolong.

A.workB.areworking

C.havebeenworkingD.worked

B

B

D

C

15.—Tom,youdidn’tetothepartylastnight.

—I__________,butIsuddenlyrememberedIhadhomework

todo.

A.hadtoB.didn’t

C.wasgoingtoD.wouldn’t

精题新探究

1.Putawayeverythingandputthemwheretheywerebeforeor

thelibrarian__________you.

A.willpunishB.punishes

C.ispunishingD.willhavepunished

2.Judy__________me,butshewasillandcouldn’te.

A.metB.wasgoingtomeet

C.hadmetD.wouldmeet

3.—WhydidwenotseeTomatMary’sbirthdaypartylastnight?

—Itwassaidthathe__________ill.

A.hadbeenB.wasC.hasbeenD.is

C

A

B

B

4.Thebodyguardexaminedthehousecarefullyandthenfound

thatastrangeobject__________totheceiling.

A.hadbeenfixedB.wasbeingfixed

C.hadfixedD.wasfixing

5.Myparents__________inHongKong.Theywerebornthere

andhaveneverlivedanywhereelse.

A.liveB.livedC.werelivingD.willlive

6.Everyoneofyoumustputeverybookwherethey__________

justnowandleaveimmediately.

A.takeawayB.weretakenaway

C.aretakenawayD.tookaway

7.Beingpopularwithcustomers,theproducts__________well

andmaybe__________intwomonths.

A.sell;selloutB.aresold;sellout

C.sell;willbesoldoutD.aresold;willbesoldout

A

A

B

C

8.TheterribleearthquakeattackedsomeareasofSichuan

ProvinceontheafternoonofMay12,xx,which__________.

A.hadnotbeenexpectedB.isnotexpected

C.didn’texpectD.wasnotexpecting

9.Accordingtotherule,anyone_________toenterthesecret

sciencelabwithoutthepermissionofProfessorWang.

A.willforbidB.forbids

C.hasbeenforbiddenD.isforbidden

10.WhiletheWorldTradeCenterhasfallen,worldeconomy

it__________createcontinues.

A.helpedB.hadhelped

C.helpsD.ishelping

11.—Sinceyouhaveyourownbike,whyusemine?

—Somethingiswrongwithmineandit__________bymyfather.

A.isbeingrepairedB.wasbeingrepaired

C.isrepairingD.hasrepaired

A

D

A

A

12.SinceIcameheretwoyearsago,greatchanges__________in

thefactoryandmanypeoplewanttoeheretopayavisit.

A.havebeentakenplaceB.hadbeentakenplace

C.havetakenplaceD.aretakingplace

13.Imust__________immediatelybecauseIhavegotahighfever

andIamafraidIcan’tfinishtheworkontime.

A.replaceB.bereplacing

C.bereplacedD.havereplaced

14.Althoughalloftheapples__________,noneofthem

__________good.

A.havebeentasted;tasteB.havebeentasted;aretasted

C.havetasted;tasteD.havetasted;aretasted

15.Thesekindsofflowers__________welliftheyareplantedin

theplace.

A.havegrowB.willbegrown

C.aregrownD.willgrow

C

A

D

C

 

2019-2020年高考英语语法复习精讲精练-主谓一致

在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。

寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。

(一)语法一致原则:

语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。

1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。

如:

Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm./TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy./Whathesaidisveryimportantforusall./Thechildrenwereintheclassroomtwohoursago./Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.

注意:

由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。

如:

WhatIboughtwerethreeEnglishbooks./WhatIsayanddois(are)helpfultoyou.

2、由连接词and或both…and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。

如:

LucyandLilyaretwins./SheandIareclassmates./Theboyandthegirlweresurprisedwhentheyheardthenews./BothsheandheareYoungPioneers.

注意:

①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。

如:

Thewriterandartisthase.;/②由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no,each,everymorethana(an),manya(an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。

如:

Everystudentandeveryteacherwasintheroom../Noboyandnogirllikesit.

3、主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,besides,including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。

如:

MrGreen,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,hasetoChina./NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground./She,likeyouandTom,isverytall.

4、either,neither,each,every或no+单数名词和由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。

如:

Eachofushasanewbook./Everythingaroundusismatter.

注意:

①在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。

如:

Neitherofthetextsis(are)interesting.②若noneof后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。

如:

Noneofushas(have)beentoAmerica.

5、在定语从句时,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。

如:

Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard./Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.

6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。

这些词有family,class,crowd,mittee,population,audience等。

如:

ClassFourisonthethirdfloor./ClassFourareunabletoagreeuponamonitor.

注意:

people,police,cattle等名词一般都用作复数。

如:

Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild.

7、由“alotof,lotsof,plentyof,therestof,themajorityof+名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。

如:

Therearealotofpeopleintheclassroom./Therestofthelectureiswonderful./50%ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.

注意:

anumberof“许多”,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;thenumberof“…的数量”,主语是number,谓语用单数。

8、在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。

如:

Thereesthebus./Onthewallaremanypictures./Suchistheresult./Sucharethefacts.

(二)逻辑意义一致原则:

逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致(因有时主语形式为单数,但意义为复数;有时形式为复数,但意义为单数)。

1、what,who,which,any,more,all等代词可以是单数,也可是复数,主要靠意思来决定。

如:

Whichisyourbag?

/Whichareyourbags?

/Allisgoingwell./AllhavegonetoBeijing.

2、表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式,这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体,如:

Thirtyminutesisenoughforthework.

3、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式,其谓语动词通常用单数形式。

如:

“TheArabianNights”isaninterestingstory-book.

4、表数量的短语“oneandahalf”后接复数名词作主语时,其谓语动词可用单数形式(也可用复数。

如:

Oneandahalfapplesis(are)leftonthetable.

5、算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常作单数看待,其谓语动词采用单数形式。

如:

Twelvepluseightistwenty./Fifty-sixdividedbyeightisseven.

6、一些学科名词是以–ics结尾,如:

mathematics,politics,physics以及news,works等,都属于形式上是复数的名词,实际意义为单数名词,它们作主语时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。

如:

Thepaperworkswasbuiltin1990./Ithinkphysicsisn’teasytostudy.

7、trousers,glasses,clothes,shoes,等词作主语时,谓语用复数,但如果这些名词前有a(the)pairof等量词修饰时,谓语动词用单数。

如:

Myglassesarebroken./Thepairofshoesunderthebedishis.

8、“定冠词the+形容词或分词”,表示某一类人时,动词用复数。

(三)就近一致原则:

在英语句子中,有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。

1、当两个主语由either…or,neither…nor,whether…o

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