高考英语语法复习教案被动语态的时态.docx
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高考英语语法复习教案被动语态的时态
2019-2020年高考英语语法复习教案-被动语态的时态
只有及物动词才有被动语态,不及物动词加介词也可构成被动语态,宾语变成了主语,主语是动作的承受者:
1.一般现在时(am/is/are+done):
Youarewantedonthephone.
TheGreatWallofChinaisknownallovertheworld.
2.一般过去时(was/were+done):
Thecitywasliberatedin1948.
Iwasaskedtodothiswork.
3.一般将来时(willbedone):
Theywillbeinvitedtotheparty.
Thematterwillbediscussedatthenextmeeting.
4.现在进行时(am/is/are+beingdone):
Thecarisbeingrepaired.
Thequestionisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.
5.现在完成时(have/hasbeendone):
Thebridgehasalreadybeenbuilt.
ThisstoryhasbeentranslatedintoEnglish.
6.过去将来时(wouldbedone):
Hesaidthatthetreeswouldbeplanted.
7.过去进行时(was/werebeingdone):
Themachinewasbeingpaintedthen.
8.过去完成时(hadbeendone):
Theworkhadbeenfinishedbeforedark.
9.带情态动词的被动语态(canbedone):
Thisbikemustnotbeputhere.
Canitbefinishedintwohours?
10.带不定式的被动语态:
Themurdererwassuretobepunished.
Theflowerswanttobewatered.
高考新剖析
1.MyparentshavepromisedtoetoseemebeforeI
__________forAfrica.[xx年高考辽宁卷]
A.haveleftB.leaveC.leftD.willleave
2.Progress__________sofarverygoodandwearesurethatthe
workwillbefinishedontime.[xx年高考全国卷Ⅱ]
A.wasB.hadbeenC.hasbeenD.willbe
B
C
3.Thisisthefirsttimewe__________afilminthecinematogether
asafamily.[xx年高考陕西卷]
A.seeB.hadseenC.sawD.haveseen
4.Wouldyoupleasekeepsilent?
Theweatherreport__________,
andIwanttolisten.[xx年高考湖南卷]
A.isbroadcastB.isbeingbroadcast
C.hasbeenbroadcastD.hadbeenbroadcast
5.—Hi,Terry,canIuseyourputerforawhilethisafternoon?
—Sorry.__________.[xx年高考江苏卷]
A.It’srepairedB.Ithasbeenrepaired
C.It’sbeingrepairedD.Ithadbeenrepaired
6.—HaveyouknownDrJacksonforalongtime?
—Yes,sinceshe__________theChineseSociety.
[xx年高考全国卷Ⅰ]
A.hasjoinedB.joins
C.hadjoinedD.joined
D
B
C
D
7.—Whatisthepriceofpetrolthesedays?
—Oh,it__________sharplysincelastmonth.
[xx年高考江西卷]
A.israisedB.hasrisen
C.hasarisenD.isincreased
8.—YouspeakverygoodFrench!
—Thanks.I__________FrenchinSichuanUniversityforfour
years.[xx年高考四川卷]
A.studiedB.studyC.wasstudyingD.hadstudied
9.Thehotelwasn’tparticularlygood,butI__________inmany
worsehotels.[xx年高考北京卷]
A.wasstayingB.stayedC.wouldstayD.hadstayed
10.Accordingtotheliteraryreview,Shakespeare__________his
characterslivethroughtheirlanguageinhisplays.
[xx年高考福建卷]
A.willmakeB.hadmadeC.wasmakingD.makes
B
A
D
D
11.He__________footballsregularlyformanyyearswhenhewas
young.[xx年高考天津卷]
A.wasplayingB.played
C.hasplayedD.hadplayed
12.Inrecentyearsmanyfootballclubs__________asbusinessto
makeaprofit.[xx年高考上海卷]
A.haverunB.havebeenrun
C.hadbeenrunD.willrun
13.Cathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassat
SunshineSchool,whereshe__________Englishforayear.
A.studiesB.studied
CisstudyingD.hasbeenstudying
14.—Ihavegotaheadache.
—Nowonder.You__________infrontofthatputertoolong.
A.workB.areworking
C.havebeenworkingD.worked
B
B
D
C
15.—Tom,youdidn’tetothepartylastnight.
—I__________,butIsuddenlyrememberedIhadhomework
todo.
A.hadtoB.didn’t
C.wasgoingtoD.wouldn’t
精题新探究
1.Putawayeverythingandputthemwheretheywerebeforeor
thelibrarian__________you.
A.willpunishB.punishes
C.ispunishingD.willhavepunished
2.Judy__________me,butshewasillandcouldn’te.
A.metB.wasgoingtomeet
C.hadmetD.wouldmeet
3.—WhydidwenotseeTomatMary’sbirthdaypartylastnight?
—Itwassaidthathe__________ill.
A.hadbeenB.wasC.hasbeenD.is
C
A
B
B
4.Thebodyguardexaminedthehousecarefullyandthenfound
thatastrangeobject__________totheceiling.
A.hadbeenfixedB.wasbeingfixed
C.hadfixedD.wasfixing
5.Myparents__________inHongKong.Theywerebornthere
andhaveneverlivedanywhereelse.
A.liveB.livedC.werelivingD.willlive
6.Everyoneofyoumustputeverybookwherethey__________
justnowandleaveimmediately.
A.takeawayB.weretakenaway
C.aretakenawayD.tookaway
7.Beingpopularwithcustomers,theproducts__________well
andmaybe__________intwomonths.
A.sell;selloutB.aresold;sellout
C.sell;willbesoldoutD.aresold;willbesoldout
A
A
B
C
8.TheterribleearthquakeattackedsomeareasofSichuan
ProvinceontheafternoonofMay12,xx,which__________.
A.hadnotbeenexpectedB.isnotexpected
C.didn’texpectD.wasnotexpecting
9.Accordingtotherule,anyone_________toenterthesecret
sciencelabwithoutthepermissionofProfessorWang.
A.willforbidB.forbids
C.hasbeenforbiddenD.isforbidden
10.WhiletheWorldTradeCenterhasfallen,worldeconomy
it__________createcontinues.
A.helpedB.hadhelped
C.helpsD.ishelping
11.—Sinceyouhaveyourownbike,whyusemine?
—Somethingiswrongwithmineandit__________bymyfather.
A.isbeingrepairedB.wasbeingrepaired
C.isrepairingD.hasrepaired
A
D
A
A
12.SinceIcameheretwoyearsago,greatchanges__________in
thefactoryandmanypeoplewanttoeheretopayavisit.
A.havebeentakenplaceB.hadbeentakenplace
C.havetakenplaceD.aretakingplace
13.Imust__________immediatelybecauseIhavegotahighfever
andIamafraidIcan’tfinishtheworkontime.
A.replaceB.bereplacing
C.bereplacedD.havereplaced
14.Althoughalloftheapples__________,noneofthem
__________good.
A.havebeentasted;tasteB.havebeentasted;aretasted
C.havetasted;tasteD.havetasted;aretasted
15.Thesekindsofflowers__________welliftheyareplantedin
theplace.
A.havegrowB.willbegrown
C.aregrownD.willgrow
C
A
D
C
2019-2020年高考英语语法复习精讲精练-主谓一致
在英语句子里,谓语受主语支配,其动词必须和主语在人称和数上保持一致,这就叫主谓一致。
寻其规律,大致可归纳为三个原则,即语法一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致原则。
(一)语法一致原则:
语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。
1、以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式;主语为复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
如:
Hisfatherisworkingonthefarm./TostudyEnglishwellisnoteasy./Whathesaidisveryimportantforusall./Thechildrenwereintheclassroomtwohoursago./Readinginthesunisbadforyoureyes.
注意:
由what引导的主语从句,后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式,但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时,主句的谓语动词用复数形式。
如:
WhatIboughtwerethreeEnglishbooks./WhatIsayanddois(are)helpfultoyou.
2、由连接词and或both…and连接起来的合成主语后面,要用复数形式的谓语动词。
如:
LucyandLilyaretwins./SheandIareclassmates./Theboyandthegirlweresurprisedwhentheyheardthenews./BothsheandheareYoungPioneers.
注意:
①若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时,它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。
如:
Thewriterandartisthase.;/②由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no,each,everymorethana(an),manya(an)修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。
如:
Everystudentandeveryteacherwasintheroom../Noboyandnogirllikesit.
3、主语为单数名词或代词,尽管后面跟有with,togetherwith,except,but,like,aswellas,ratherthan,morethan,nolessthan,besides,including等引起的短语,谓语动词仍用单数形式;若主语为复数,谓语用复数形式。
如:
MrGreen,togetherwithhiswifeandchildren,hasetoChina./NobodybutJimandMikewasontheplayground./She,likeyouandTom,isverytall.
4、either,neither,each,every或no+单数名词和由some,any,no,every构成的复合不定代词,都作单数看待。
如:
Eachofushasanewbook./Everythingaroundusismatter.
注意:
①在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词(或代词)”作主语时,其谓语动词也可用复数。
如:
Neitherofthetextsis(are)interesting.②若noneof后面的名词是不可数名词,它的谓语动词就要用单数;若它后面的名词是复数,它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。
如:
Noneofushas(have)beentoAmerica.
5、在定语从句时,关系代词that,who,which等作主语时,其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。
如:
Heisoneofmyfriendswhoareworkinghard./Heistheonlyoneofmyfriendswhoisworkinghard.
6、如果集体名词指的是整个集体,它的谓语动词用单数;如果它指集体的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。
这些词有family,class,crowd,mittee,population,audience等。
如:
ClassFourisonthethirdfloor./ClassFourareunabletoagreeuponamonitor.
注意:
people,police,cattle等名词一般都用作复数。
如:
Thepolicearelookingforthelostchild.
7、由“alotof,lotsof,plentyof,therestof,themajorityof+名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。
如:
Therearealotofpeopleintheclassroom./Therestofthelectureiswonderful./50%ofthestudentsinourclassaregirls.
注意:
anumberof“许多”,作定语修饰复数名词,谓语用复数;thenumberof“…的数量”,主语是number,谓语用单数。
8、在倒装句中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。
如:
Thereesthebus./Onthewallaremanypictures./Suchistheresult./Sucharethefacts.
(二)逻辑意义一致原则:
逻辑意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致(因有时主语形式为单数,但意义为复数;有时形式为复数,但意义为单数)。
1、what,who,which,any,more,all等代词可以是单数,也可是复数,主要靠意思来决定。
如:
Whichisyourbag?
/Whichareyourbags?
/Allisgoingwell./AllhavegonetoBeijing.
2、表示“时间、重量、长度、价值”等的名词的复数作主语时,谓语动词通常用单数形式,这是由于作主语的名词在概念上是一个整体,如:
Thirtyminutesisenoughforthework.
3、若英语是书名、片名、格言、剧名、报名、国名等的复数形式,其谓语动词通常用单数形式。
如:
“TheArabianNights”isaninterestingstory-book.
4、表数量的短语“oneandahalf”后接复数名词作主语时,其谓语动词可用单数形式(也可用复数。
如:
Oneandahalfapplesis(are)leftonthetable.
5、算式中表示数目(字)的主语通常作单数看待,其谓语动词采用单数形式。
如:
Twelvepluseightistwenty./Fifty-sixdividedbyeightisseven.
6、一些学科名词是以–ics结尾,如:
mathematics,politics,physics以及news,works等,都属于形式上是复数的名词,实际意义为单数名词,它们作主语时,其谓语动词要用单数形式。
如:
Thepaperworkswasbuiltin1990./Ithinkphysicsisn’teasytostudy.
7、trousers,glasses,clothes,shoes,等词作主语时,谓语用复数,但如果这些名词前有a(the)pairof等量词修饰时,谓语动词用单数。
如:
Myglassesarebroken./Thepairofshoesunderthebedishis.
8、“定冠词the+形容词或分词”,表示某一类人时,动词用复数。
(三)就近一致原则:
在英语句子中,有时谓语动词的人称和数与最近的主语保持一致。
1、当两个主语由either…or,neither…nor,whether…o