Unit 1新视野大学英语第三版.docx
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Unit1新视野大学英语第三版
Unit1FreshStart
TextATowardaBrightFutureforAll
Beforereading
BeforereadingTextA,youmayneedtoknowthefollowingthingstohelpyouwithabetterunderstanding.
Americanhighereducation
IntheUnitedStates,studentscanchoosetogotocollegeafterhighschool.（Theycanalsochoosetogostraighttotheworkforceafterhighschool.）Theyhavetheoptionofattendingatwo-yearcommunitycollegebeforeapplyingtoafour-yearuniversity.Admissiontocommunitycollegeiseasier,tuitionislower,andclasssizesareoftensmallerthanatauniversity.Communitycollegestudentscanearnanassociatedegreeandtransferuptotwoyearsofcoursecreditstoauniversity.
Collegeanduniversitystudentsneedtopaytuition,butmanyearnscholarshipsorreceiveloans.Althoughadmissionspoliciesvaryfromoneuniversitytoanother,mostdetermineadmissionbasedonseveralcriteria,includingastudent'shighschoolcourseofstudy,highschoolGradePointAverage（GPA）,participationinextracurricularactivities,SAT（ScholasticAssessmentTest）orACT（AmericanCollegeTesting）examscores,awrittenessay,andpossiblyapersonalinterviewwitharepresentativefromtheadmissionsoffice.
MoststudentsintheUnitedStatestaketheSATReasoningTestortheACTduringtheirfinalyearofhighschool.EachuniversitysetsaminimumSATorACTscorethatastudentmustachieveinordertogainadmission.Thesearestandardizedquantitativeexaminations.TheSATtestscriticalreading,mathematics,andwritingskills.TheACTtestsEnglish,mathematics,reading,sciencereasoning,andincludesanoptionalwritingtest.
Extracurricularactivitiesmayincludescholasticclubs,athleticteams,studentgovernment,andphilanthropicclubs.Voluntaryparticipationinthesekindsofactivitiesisanindicationthatastudenthaslearnedvaluablelifelessons,suchasteamwork,leadership,orcivicresponsibility.
Universitystudentspursuingabachelor'sdegreearecalled"undergraduates";studentspursuingamaster'sordoctoraldegreearecalled"graduatestudents".Mostuniversitiesgiveundergraduatestudentsaliberaleducation,whichmeansstudentsarerequiredtotakecoursesacrossseveraldisciplinesbeforetheyspecializeinamajorfieldofstudy.Graduateandprofessionalprograms,suchasmedicineorlaw,arespecialized.Alldegreeprogramsrequirestudentstocompleteaminimumnumberofcredithoursbeforegraduating.
Selectionforadmissiontoagraduateprogramisbasedonseveralcriteria.Theseincludecompletionofabachelor'sdegree,thestudent'sundergraduatecourseworkandGPA.Studentsarealsoexpectedtowriteanessayaspartoftheirapplicationortosubmitawritingsample.Mostmaster'sprogramsrequirestudentstohaveaminimumscoreontheGraduateRecordExamination（GRE）,whichtestsverbalreasoning,quantitativereasoning,criticalthinking,andanalyticalwritingskills.
Studentscontinuetotakecoursesatthegraduatelevel.Afinalthesisisrequiredformostmaster'sprograms.Doctoralstudentstakecoursesuntiltheyhaveearnedenoughcredithourstoattempttheirqualifyingexaminations.Theseareusuallytakenoverseveraldaysandoftenincludeawrittenandoralcomponent.Afterdoctoralstudentspasstheirqualifyingexams,theyareadvancedtocandidacyandcanbeginwritingtheirdissertation.Beforethedegreeisgiven,thecompleteddissertationmustbeorallydefendedbeforethecandidate'sfacultycommittee.
VeraWang
VeraWang（王薇薇,1949-）isaChinese-Americanfashiondesigner.ShewasbornandraisedinNewYorkCity.Whiletrainedasafigureskaterinhighschool,sheeventuallyearnedadegreeinarthistoryfromSarahLawrenceCollegein1971.Butacareerinfashionwasherdream.Sheworkedasaseniorfashioneditorfor Voguemagazinefor15years.In1985,sheleft Vogue andjoinedRalphLaurenasadesigndirectorfortwoyears.In1990,sheopenedherowndesignsaloninNewYork,andfeaturedhertrademarkbridalgowns.Wanghasmadeweddinggownsformanycelebritiesandpublicfigures,suchasJenniferLopez（珍妮弗•洛佩兹）,SharonStone（莎朗•斯通）andChelseaClinton（切尔西•克林顿）.
Detailedstudyofthetext
Para.1.Goodafternoon!
Aspresidentoftheuniversity,Iamproudtowelcomeyoutothisuniversity. Yourachievementisthe triumph ofyearsofhardwork,bothofyourownandofyourparentsandteachers. Hereattheuniversity,we pledge tomakeyoureducationalexperienceasrewardingaspossible.
下午好！
作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。
你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。
在这所大学里，我们承诺将使你们学有所成。
1.Yourachievementisthetriumphofyearsofhardwork,bothofyourownandofyourparentsandteachers.（Para.1）
Meaning:
Yourenteringthisuniversityisanimportantsuccess.Thissuccessisduetomanyyearsofyourhardwork,andmanyyearsofyourparents’andteachers’hardwork.
triumphn.
animportantvictoryorsuccessafteradifficultstruggle
（尤指苦战后获得的）胜利，成功，成就
Winningthechampionshipwasagreatpersonaltriumphforthisyoungtennisplayer.
赢得冠军对这个年轻的网球运动员来说是很大的个人成就。
这座桥是现代工程的一大成就。
翻译Thebridgeisatriumphofmodernengineering.
Themostimportantthinginlifeisnotthetriumphbutthestruggle.Theessentialthingisnottohaveconqueredbuttohavefoughtwell.生活中最重要的事情不是胜利，而是奋斗；不是征服，而是努力拼搏。
——PierredeCoubertin（皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦）
v.Ifsomeoneorsomethingtriumphs,theygaincompletesuccess,control,orvictory,oftenafteralongordifficultstruggle成功;获胜;得胜
Allherlife,Kellyhadstuckwithdifficulttasksandchallenges,andtriumphed.
凯莉一生经历了各种艰巨的任务与挑战，她都一一成功应对了
正义终将得胜。
翻译Justicetriumphsintheend.
2.Hereattheuniversity,wepledgetomakeyoureducationalexperienceasrewardingaspossible.（Para.1）
Meaning:
Hereattheuniversity,wepromisetomakeyoureducationalexperienceasworthwhileaspossible.
rewarding:
a.givingyousatisfaction,pleasure,orprofit值得的；有意义的；有回报的
Ourjourneytotheorphanagewasaveryrewardingexperience.我们的孤儿院之行非常有意义。
pledge
vt.
makeaformal,usu.public,promisethatyouwilldosth.发誓；作保证
Thenewpresidentpledgedtocuttaxesandincreaseemployment.
新总统承诺要削减税收、增加就业。
汤姆保证决不泄密。
翻译Tompledgednevertotellthesecret.
Philippledgessupportandofferstohelpinanywaythathecan.菲利普保证给予支持，并主动提出尽其所能提供帮助。
n.
[C]（fml.）aseriouspromiseoragreement,esp.onemadepubliclyorofficially
（尤指公开或正式作出的）誓言，誓约；保证
Allthecandidateshavegivenpledgesnottoraisetaxesiftheyareelected.
所有的候选人都保证如果他们当选，他们不会提高税收。
Andaswewalk,wemustmakethepledgethatweshallmarchahead.
当我们行动时,我们必须保证勇往直前.
Wordformationnote:
形容词后缀-ing
1.-ing加在某些及物动词后，构成形容词，主要用于表示事物的性质或特征，或某物或某事给人的感觉、情感、印象等。
这类词包括:
welcoming,charming,discouraging,disgusting,frightening,alarming,surprising等。
例如：
awelcomingsmile热情的微笑
acharminghouseontheoutskirtsofthetown在城镇郊外的一栋漂亮的房子
analarmingincreaseinhousingprice房价的惊人增长
Asurprisingnumberofmenstaybachelors.有相当多的男子仍然是单身。
2.-ing加在不及物动词之后，构成形容词，表示某事或某人仍然处于某种状态。
例如：
arecurringproblem反复出现的问题
hisagingmother他那日渐苍老的母亲
Heworehishairintheprevailingfashion.他的头发理的是当时盛行的发型。
Q1.Whatareyourexpectationsofcollegeeducation?
Q2.Howwillyoumakethemostofthismarvelousopportunityandexcitingnewexperience?
Q3.Whatwillyoudotoensurethatthejourneyyoubeginatthisuniversitytodayleadsyoutowardabrightandsuccessfulfuture?
Para.2Inwelcomingyoutotheuniversity,Iamremindedofmyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotographmymomtookofmydadandme. "Pose naturally,"Mominstructedus. "Wait!
"saidDad,"Let'stakeapictureofmehandinghimanalarmclock." Theclockwokemeupeverymorningincollege. Itisstillonmyofficedesk.
在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。
妈妈吩咐我们：
“姿势自然点。
”“等一等,”爸爸说，“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。
”在大学期间，那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。
至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。
3.Inwelcomingyoutotheuniversity,Iamremindedofmyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotographmymomtookofmydadandme.（Para.2）
Meaning:
WhenIamwelcomingyoutothisuniversity,somethingIrememberismyownhighschoolgraduationandthephotomymomtookofmydadandme.
remindsb.ofsb./sth.
1makesb.remembersb.thattheyknoworsth.thathappenedinthepast
使某人想起某人或某事
Thisstory reminds meofmychildhood.这个故事让我想起了我的童年。
ThesongalwaysremindsmeofourholidayinMexico.
那首歌总让我想起我们在墨西哥的那次假期。
2beverysimilartosb.orsth.else使某人想起（相似的）人或事
Nancywastallandslim,andremindedmeofmycousinSarah.
翻译：
南希身材高挑，让我想起了我的表妹萨拉。
Pattern:
remind...of...某物或某人使...想起...（of后加名词或动名词）
remindsbaboutsth提醒某人做某事
Don'tforgettoremindheraboutthedinnerparty.记住提醒她不要忘了宴会。
pose
vi.
sitorstandsomewheresothatsb.cantakeaphotographofyouorpaintapictureofyou
（为照相或画像而）摆姿势
Pleasesitstillwhileyouposeforyourphoto.你摆好姿势拍照时请坐着别动。
Theleadersposedbrieflyforphotographsbeforeenteringtheconferenceroom.
领导们进入会议室之前匆匆地摆个姿势拍照。
vt.
createadifficultordangeroussituation造成，导致（困难或危险）
Thiscouldposeathreattojobsinthecoalindustry.
这可能会给煤炭产业的就业造成威胁。
我们很高兴的得知化工厂的事故没有对环境构成威胁。
翻译：
Weareverygladtohearthattheincidentinthechemicalplantposesnothreattotheenvironment.
Hisillhealthposesseriousproblemsforthefuture.他身体不好，对将来造成严重的隐患。
Banditssometimesposedifficultiesforthepolice.匪徒有时给警察带来许多麻烦.
vt.
putforwardfordiscussion提出
WhenIfinallyposedthequestion,‘Why?
'hemerelyshrugged.
当我最后问“为什么”时，他只是耸了耸肩。
Thecontinuingincreaseinpopulationnumbersposessomeawkwardquestionsforthegovernment.人口数字的不断增长给政府提出了一些棘手的问题。
Para.3.Letmesharewithyousomethingthatyoumaynotexpect. Youwillmissyourold routines andyourparents'reminderstoworkhardand attain yourbest. Youmayhavecriedtearsofjoytobefinallyfinishedwithhighs
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