Unit 1新视野大学英语第三版.docx

1、Unit 1新视野大学英语第三版Unit 1 Fresh StartText A Toward a Bright Future for AllBefore readingBefore reading Text A, you may need to know the following things to help you with a better understanding.American higher educationIn the United States, students can choose to go to college after high school. (They c

2、an also choose to go straight to the workforce after high school.) They have the option of attending a two-year community college before applying to a four-year university. Admission to community college is easier, tuition is lower, and class sizes are often smaller than at a university. Community c

3、ollege students can earn an associate degree and transfer up to two years of course credits to a university. College and university students need to pay tuition, but many earn scholarships or receive loans. Although admissions policies vary from one university to another, most determine admission ba

4、sed on several criteria, including a students high school course of study, high school Grade Point Average (GPA), participation in extracurricular activities, SAT (Scholastic Assessment Test) or ACT (American College Testing) exam scores, a written essay, and possibly a personal interview with a rep

5、resentative from the admissions office. Most students in the United States take the SAT Reasoning Test or the ACT during their final year of high school. Each university sets a minimum SAT or ACT score that a student must achieve in order to gain admission. These are standardized quantitative examin

6、ations. The SAT tests critical reading, mathematics, and writing skills. The ACT tests English, mathematics, reading, science reasoning, and includes an optional writing test.Extracurricular activities may include scholastic clubs, athletic teams, student government, and philanthropic clubs. Volunta

7、ry participation in these kinds of activities is an indication that a student has learned valuable life lessons, such as teamwork, leadership, or civic responsibility.University students pursuing a bachelors degree are called undergraduates; students pursuing a masters or doctoral degree are called

8、graduate students. Most universities give undergraduate students a liberal education, which means students are required to take courses across several disciplines before they specialize in a major field of study. Graduate and professional programs, such as medicine or law, are specialized. All degre

9、e programs require students to complete a minimum number of credit hours before graduating.Selection for admission to a graduate program is based on several criteria. These include completion of a bachelors degree, the students undergraduate coursework and GPA. Students are also expected to write an

10、 essay as part of their application or to submit a writing sample. Most masters programs require students to have a minimum score on the Graduate Record Examination (GRE), which tests verbal reasoning, quantitative reasoning, critical thinking, and analytical writing skills.Students continue to take

11、 courses at the graduate level. A final thesis is required for most masters programs. Doctoral students take courses until they have earned enough credit hours to attempt their qualifying examinations. These are usually taken over several days and often include a written and oral component. After do

12、ctoral students pass their qualifying exams, they are advanced to candidacy and can begin writing their dissertation. Before the degree is given, the completed dissertation must be orally defended before the candidates faculty committee.Vera WangVera Wang (王薇薇, 1949- ) is a Chinese-American fashion

13、designer. She was born and raised in New York City. While trained as a figure skater in high school, she eventually earned a degree in art history from Sarah Lawrence College in 1971. But a career in fashion was her dream. She worked as a senior fashion editor forVogue magazine for 15 years. In 1985

14、, she leftVogueand joined Ralph Lauren as a design director for two years. In 1990, she opened her own design salon in New York, and featured her trademark bridal gowns. Wang has made wedding gowns for many celebrities and public figures, such as Jennifer Lopez (珍妮弗洛佩兹), Sharon Stone (莎朗斯通) and Chel

15、sea Clinton (切尔西克林顿).Detailed study of the text Para.1. Good afternoon!As president of the university, I am proud to welcome you to this university.Your achievement is thetriumphof years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers.Here at the university, wepledgeto make your educ

16、ational experience as rewarding as possible.下午好！ 作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。 你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。 在这所大学里，我们承诺将使你们学有所成。1. Your achievement is the triumph of years of hard work, both of your own and of your parents and teachers. (Para. 1)Meaning: Your entering this university is an impo

17、rtant success. This success is due to many years of your hard work, and many years of your parents and teachers hard work.triumph n.an important victory or success after a difficult struggle（尤指苦战后获得的）胜利，成功，成就Winning the championship was a great personal triumph for this young tennis player. 赢得冠军对这个年

18、轻的网球运动员来说是很大的个人成就。这座桥是现代工程的一大成就。翻译The bridge is a triumph of modern engineering.The most important thing in life is not the triumph but the struggle. The essential thing is not to have conquered but to have fought well.生活中最重要的事情不是胜利，而是奋斗；不是征服，而是努力拼搏。Pierre de Coubertin（皮埃尔德顾拜旦）v. If someone or somet

19、hing triumphs, they gain complete success, control, or victory, often after a long or difficult struggle成功; 获胜; 得胜All her life, Kelly had stuck with difficult tasks and challenges, and triumphed.凯莉一生经历了各种艰巨的任务与挑战，她都一一成功应对了正义终将得胜。翻译Justice triumphs in the end.2. Here at the university, we pledge to m

20、ake your educational experience as rewarding as possible. (Para. 1)Meaning:Here at the university, we promise to make your educational experience as worthwhile as possible.rewarding:a. giving you satisfaction, pleasure, or profit 值得的；有意义的；有回报的Our journey to the orphanage was a very rewarding experie

21、nce. 我们的孤儿院之行非常有意义。pledge vt.make a formal, usu. public, promise that you will do sth. 发誓；作保证The new president pledged to cut taxes and increase employment. 新总统承诺要削减税收、增加就业。汤姆保证决不泄密。翻译Tom pledged never to tell the secret.Philip pledges support and offers to help in any way that he can. 菲利普保证给予支持，并主动

22、提出尽其所能提供帮助。n.C (fml.) a serious promise or agreement, esp. one made publicly or officially （尤指公开或正式作出的）誓言，誓约；保证All the candidates have given pledges not to raise taxes if they are elected. 所有的候选人都保证如果他们当选，他们不会提高税收。And as we walk, we must make the pledge that we shall march ahead.当我们行动时,我们必须保证勇往直前.Wo

23、rd formation note:形容词后缀-ing1. -ing加在某些及物动词后，构成形容词，主要用于表示事物的性质或特征，或某物或某事给人的感觉、情感、印象等。这类词包括: welcoming, charming, discouraging, disgusting, frightening, alarming, surprising等。例如：a welcoming smile 热情的微笑a charming house on the outskirts of the town 在城镇郊外的一栋漂亮的房子an alarming increase in housing price 房价的惊

24、人增长A surprising number of men stay bachelors. 有相当多的男子仍然是单身。2. -ing加在不及物动词之后，构成形容词，表示某事或某人仍然处于某种状态。例如：a recurring problem 反复出现的问题his aging mother 他那日渐苍老的母亲He wore his hair in the prevailing fashion. 他的头发理的是当时盛行的发型。Q1. What are your expectations of college education?Q2. How will you make the most of t

25、his marvelous opportunity and exciting new experience?Q3. What will you do to ensure that the journey you begin at this university today leads you toward a bright and successful future?Para.2 In welcoming you to the university, I am reminded of my own high school graduation and the photograph my mom

26、 took of my dad and me.Posenaturally, Mom instructed us.Wait! said Dad, Lets take a picture of me handing him an alarm clock.The clock woke me up every morning in college.It is still on my office desk.在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。 妈妈吩咐我们：“姿势自然点。” “等一等,”爸爸说，“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。” 在大学期间，那个闹钟每天早晨叫

27、醒我。 至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。3. In welcoming you to the university, I am reminded of my own high school graduation and the photograph my mom took of my dad and me. (Para. 2)Meaning:When I am welcoming you to this university, something I remember is my own high school graduation and the photo my mom took of my

28、 dad and me.remind sb. of sb./sth.1 make sb. remember sb. that they know or sth. that happened in the past 使某人想起某人或某事This storyremindsme of my childhood. 这个故事让我想起了我的童年。The song always reminds me of our holiday in Mexico. 那首歌总让我想起我们在墨西哥的那次假期。2 be very similar to sb. or sth. else 使某人想起（相似的）人或事Nancy wa

29、s tall and slim, and reminded me of my cousin Sarah. 翻译：南希身材高挑，让我想起了我的表妹萨拉。Pattern:remind.of. 某物或某人使.想起. (of后加名词或动名词)remind sb about sth 提醒某人做某事Dont forget to remind her about the dinner party.记住提醒她不要忘了宴会。posevi.sit or stand somewhere so that sb. can take a photograph of you or paint a picture of yo

30、u（为照相或画像而）摆姿势Please sit still while you pose for your photo.你摆好姿势拍照时请坐着别动。The leaders posed briefly for photographs before entering the conference room. 领导们进入会议室之前匆匆地摆个姿势拍照。vt.create a difficult or dangerous situation 造成，导致（困难或危险）This could pose a threat to jobs in the coal industry. 这可能会给煤炭产业的就业造成威

31、胁。我们很高兴的得知化工厂的事故没有对环境构成威胁。翻译：We are very glad to hear that the incident in the chemical plant poses no threat to the environment. His ill health poses serious problems for the future. 他身体不好，对将来造成严重的隐患。Bandits sometimes pose difficulties for the police. 匪徒有时给警察带来许多麻烦.vt. put forward for discussion提出W

32、hen I finally posed the question, Why? he merely shrugged. 当我最后问“为什么”时，他只是耸了耸肩。The continuing increase in population numbers poses some awkward questions for the government. 人口数字的不断增长给政府提出了一些棘手的问题。Para.3. Let me share with you something that you may not expect.You will miss your oldroutinesand your parents reminders to work hard andattainyour best.You may have cried tears of joy to be finally finished with high s