外研版选择性必修二 Unit 4 Part Ⅲ Developing ideas.docx

外研版选择性必修二 Unit 4 Part Ⅲ Developing ideas.docx

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外研版选择性必修二Unit4PartⅢDevelopingideas

PartⅢ　Developingideas

TheWordsThatChangedANation

Onagreyafternoonon19November1863，atall，thinmanmountedaplatforminafieldinGettysburg，Pennsylvaniaandbegantospeak.Theplacewasthesiteofarecentbattle

（1）wherethousandsofsoldiershaddied.ThemanwasAbrahamLincoln，PresidentoftheUnitedStatesofAmericaandhewasthereinmemoryofthesoldierswhohaddied.Thespeechhegavewasjust268wordslongandlastedtwominutes.Butthisaddresstothecrowdchangedthemindsofhispeopleandhelpedshapeanation.

Atthattime，Americawasbitterlydivided.Fortwoyears，itspeoplehadbeendeepinacivilwarbetweentheslave-owningConfederateSouthernStatesandthe“free”NorthernStatesoftheUnion.TheworstbattlelastedthreedaysandtookplaceatGettysburgin1863.TheUnionsidewon，butatagreatcost.Over50，000soldierswerekilledorwounded，andpeoplelosthopeandpurpose.Whatwasallthissufferingfor?

Lincolnunderstoodthefeelingsofthecivilianpeople.Hisspeechgavethemhope，beliefandareasontolooktothefuture.Hegavethemanewvisionof

（2）whattheUnitedStatesofAmericashouldbe，（3）basedontheidealssetdownbyitsFoundingFathers87yearsbefore.Itwas（4）whatthesoldiershaddiedfor.Nowitwasuptothelivingtoremove（5）notonlythedivisionsbetweenNorthandSouth，buttheboundariesbetweenblackandwhite，andworkstepbysteptowardstheequalityofhumankind.

（6）Fourscoreandsevenyearsagoourfathersbroughtforth，uponthiscontinent，anewnation，conceivedinLiberty，anddedicatedtothepropositionthatallmenarecreatedequal.

Nowweareengagedinagreatcivilwar，（7）testingwhetherthatnation，oranynation，soconceived，andsodedicated，canlongendure.Wearemethereonagreatbattlefieldofthatwar.Wehavecometodedicateaportionofitasafinalrestingplaceforthose（8）whoheregavetheirlives（9）thatthatnationmightlive.Itisaltogetherfittingandproperthatweshoulddothis.

Butinalargersense，wecannotdedicate—wecannotconsecrate—wecannothallowthisground.Thebravemen，livinganddead，（10）whostruggledhere，haveconsecrateditfaraboveourpoorpowertoaddordetract.Theworldwilllittlenote，norlongremember，（11）whatwesayhere，butcanneverforgetwhattheydidhere.Itisforus，theliving，rathertobededicatedheretotheunfinishedwork（12）whichtheyhave，thusfar，sonoblycarriedon.Itisratherforustobeherededicatedtothegreattaskremainingbeforeus—（13）thatfromthesehonoreddeadwetakeincreaseddevotiontothatcause（14）forwhichtheyheregavethelastfullmeasureofdevotion—thatweherehighlyresolve（15）thatthesedeadshallnothavediedinvain；（16）thatthisnationshallhaveanewbirthoffreedom；and（17）thatthisgovernmentofthepeople，bythepeople，forthepeople，shallnotperishfromtheearth.

（“TheGettysburgAddress”byAbrahamLincoln）

（1）where引导定语从句，修饰先行词battle。

（2）what引导宾语从句，作介词of的宾语。

（3）basedon...为过去分词短语作状语。

（4）what引导表语从句。

（5）notonly...but（also）...连接两个并列宾语。

（6）broughtforth，conceived，dedicatedto为并列谓语。

（7）testingwhether...为现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随。

（8）who引导定语从句，修饰先行词those。

（9）that引导定语从句，修饰先行词theirlives。

（10）who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词bravemen。

（11）what引导宾语从句，作remember的宾语。

（12）which引导定语从句，修饰先行词theunfinishedwork。

（13）that是sothat的省略形式，引导目的状语从句。

（14）forwhich引导定语从句，修饰先行词cause。

（15）～（17）这三个that引导的是宾语从句。

①addressn.演说；演讲；住址；地址

②shapevt.决定……的形成；影响……的发展

③bitterlyadv.极其；非常

④visionn.想像；幻象；视力；视野

⑤idealn.理想

⑥setdown制订

⑦upto由……决定

⑧scoren.约20个

⑨propositionn.主张；观点

⑩fittingadj.适合（某场合）的；恰当的

⑪strugglevi.&n.斗争；拼搏；努力

⑫notev.注意；留意

⑬thusfar迄今为止

⑭carryon继续；参与

⑮resolvevt.决心；决定

StepⅠ　Factualreading

Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswer.

1.WhathappenedonthegroundwhereAbrahamLincolnmadehisspeech?

A.AspeechmadebyPresidentofUSA.

B.Aconflictbetweentwocultures.

C.AfrictionbetweenSouthernStatesandNorthernStates.

D.Abattlewherelotsofsoldierslosttheirlives.

2.Howmuchlongerdidthewarlast，afterAbrahamLincolnmadehisspeech?

A.Oneyear.B.Twoyears.

C.Threeyears.D.Fouryears.

3.WhydidAbrahamLincolndeliverhisspeech?

A.Tochangethethoughtsofpeople.

B.Toshapeacountry.

C.Torememberthedeadsoldiers.

D.Toencouragepeopletofight.

4.AbrahamLincolncalledonpeople，theliving，todothefollowingexcept.

A.GettingridofthedivisionsbetweenNorthandSouth.

B.Removingtheboundariesbetweenblackandwhite.

C.Workingtorealizetheequalityofhuman.

D.Engaginginthecivilwar.

5.Whowouldberesponsibleforcarryingoutthe“greattask”？

A.Thehonoreddead.

B.Thelivingpeople.

C.Thedeadandtheliving.

D.Thegovernment.

答案　1.D　2.B　3.C　4.D　5.B

StepⅡ　Clozetest

Fillintheblanksaccordingtothetext.

1.Onagreyafternoonon19November1863，AbrahamLincolnmountedaplatforminafieldinGettysburg，2.wherearecentbattletookplace，inwhichthousandsofsoldiershaddied.Hedeliveredaspeech3.inmemoryofthesoldierswhohaddied.Theaddresstothecrowdchangedthemindsofhispeopleandhelpedshapeanation.

Americawasbitterly4.divided（divide）then.AcivilwarbetweenSouthandNorthlastedfortwoyears.TheworstbattletookplaceatGettysburg.Finally，theNorthwonbut5.atagreatcost.Lincolnunderstoodthefeelingsofthe6.civilian（civil）people.Hisspeechgavethemhope，beliefandareasontolooktothefuture.

Inhisspeech，heexplainedwhatthesoldiershaddiedfor：

todefendanation，7.conceived（conceive）inLibertyanddedicatedtothepropositionthatallmenarecreatedequal.

Inhisspeech，hepraisedwhatthesoldiershaddone：

“Wehavecometodedicateaportionofitasafinalrestingplaceforthosewhoheregavetheirlivesthatthatnationmightlive.Itisaltogetherfittingandproperthatweshoulddothis.Butinalargersense，wecannotdedicate—wecannotconsecrate—wecannothallowthisground.Thebravemen，livinganddead，whostruggledhere，8.haveconsecrated（consecrate）itfaraboveourpoorpowertoaddordetract.Theworldwilllittlenote，norlongremember，whatwesayhere，butcanneverforgetwhattheydidhere.”

Inhisspeech，healsocalledonpeopletolearntheir9.devotion（devote）fromthedeadsoldiers：

“Itisratherforustobehere10.dedicated（dedicate）tothegreattaskremainingbeforeus—thatfromthesehonoreddeadwetakeincreaseddevotiontothatcauseforwhichtheyheregavethelastfullmeasureofdevotion.”

1.minorityn.少数派；少数

·Accordingtothe“2017HollywoodDiversityReport”，togetrolesinAmericanfilmandtelevisionisnolongerquitesodifficultforwomenandminorities.

（教材P41）根据“2017好莱坞多元化报告”，女性和少数民族在美国电影和电视中获得角色不再那么困难。

·Doyouknowwhatthemajorcauseofthestrikeis?

你知道这次罢工的主要原因是什么吗？

·MaryismajoringinFrenchatStanfordUniversity.

玛丽正在斯坦福大学专攻法语。

·ThewhiteareinthemajorityinAustraliawhilethenativepeopleintheminority.在澳大利亚，白人占多数，而土著人占少数。

►单句语法填空/补全句子

①AfterIconsultedmyteacher，ImadeupmymindtomajorinEnglish.

②Womenareinthemajority（major）inthecompany；menareintheminority（minor）.

③Onlyaminorityoftheclassvotedfortheplan.

班里只有少数学生投票赞成这项计划。

单词一族

minoradj.　　　较小的；次要的

majoradj.主要的；重要的

n.专业

vi.主修

majorityn.多数；大半

用法总结

a/theminorityof少数的

intheminority占少数

majorin主修

inthemajority占大多数

2.harmoniousadj.和睦的，融洽的

·Rather，it’saboutcountriesandpeoplemakingajointefforttocometogethertocreateamoreharmoniousandunderstandingworld，sothatwecanallenjoythemutualbenefits.（教材P42）相反，这是一个国家和人民共同努力，共同创造一个更加和谐和理解的世界，这样我们才能共同受益。

·Humanlifeisregardedaspartofnatureandtheonlywayforustosurviveistoliveinharmonywithnature.

人类的生活被认为是自然的一部分，我们生存的唯一方式是与自然和谐相处。

·Whenchildrengrowup，theirideaswillbeoutofharmonywiththeirparents’.

当孩子们长大后，他们的思想将与父母的思想不一致。

►单句语法填空/补全句子

①Theskyandtheseaheremadeaharmonious（harmony）picture.

②Ibelieveitispossiblefordifferentethnicgroupstolivetogetherinharmony.

③Theviolinwasoutofharmonywiththerestoftheinstruments.

小提琴拉得与其他乐器不协调。

单词一族

harmonyn.协调，和谐，融洽

用法总结

inharmony和睦地；和谐地

inharmonywith...

与……协调一致/和睦相处

outofharmonywith...

与……不一致/不和谐

3.rewardingadj.值得做的，有意义的

·Itwasrewardingtoseehowourworkhelpedformcloseconnectionswithpeoplefromdifferentcultures.（教材P42）看到我们的工作能帮助不同文化背景的人紧密联系起来，我们感到工作是值得做的。

·Hegavetheboyarewardof$100forbringingbackthelostdog.

他奖励小男孩100美元，因为他送回了丢失的狗。

·Inreward，Ilenthimahandwhenhewasintrouble.

作为报答，当他陷入困境时，我帮了他一把。

·Shegotnothinginrewardforherkindness.她的好心没有得到一点回报。

►单句语法填空/补全句子

①Healwaysbelievedthatthecompanywouldrewardhimforhisefforts.

②Thejobisnotveryrewarding（reward）intermsofmoney，butheisgettingvaluableexperiencefromit.

③Shewantedtorewardthecleanerswith￡1，000fortheirefforts.

她想对清洁工所做出的努力奖赏1000英镑。

单词一族

rewardn.　　报酬；奖金

vt.酬劳；奖赏

用法总结

（1）give/offerarewardtosbfor（doing）sth为（做）某事而给某人报酬

inreward（for）作为（对……的）报答

（2）rewardsbwith...for（doing）sth为（做）某事而以……报答某人

4.shapev.造成……形状，使成为……形状（或样子）；决定……的形成；影响……的发展n.形状，外形；状况，情况

·Butthisaddresstothecrowdchangedthemindsofhispeopleandhelpedshapeanation.（教材P44）

但他对民众的讲话改变了他的人民的思想，帮助了塑造了国家的形象。

·Cutthedoughinhalfandshapeeachhalfintoaloaf.

把生面团切成两半，分别捏成长条状。

·Hegotintoshapeafteroneyear’sphysicaltraining.

经过一年的体育锻炼，他变健壮了。

►单句语法填空/补全句子

①Takeexerciseifyou’reoutofshape.

②Thoughhe’salreadyinhis70s，he’sinverygoodshape.

③Thisislandisintheshapeofacross.该岛呈十字架形。

用法总结

get（...）intoshape

　　　　使身体好起来；使……有条理

outofshape变形的，走样的；身体不好，不健康

intheshapeof以……形状

ingoodshape状态良好，身体健康

5.strugglen.&vi.斗争；拼搏；努力

·Thebravemen，livinganddead，whostruggledhere，haveconsecr