新东方SAT填空讲义资料.docx
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新东方SAT填空讲义资料
2009年SAT填空讲义
SATsentencecompletion
1、概要
☐课程安排课程分为4部分
☐考试基本要求
☐解题方法原则
☐题目分类讲解
☐备考注意事项
☐1-1考试基本要求
☐Havingabroadvocabularyalwayscomesinhandy,especiallywhenyou’redoingpartsoftheSATsuchasthesentencecompletionquestions.
☐HavingtheabilitytounderstandingthelogicofcomplexsentencesisalsohelpfulinthissectionoftheSAT.
☐Inaddition,severalapproachescanhelpyouworkthrougheventhetoughestquestions.
☐简化为
☐Havingabroadvocabularyalwayscomesinhandy,….
☐Havingtheabilitytounderstandingthelogicofcomplexsentencesisalsohelpful….
☐Inaddition,severalapproachescanhelp….
☐简化为
☐vocabulary
☐logic
☐approach
☐TypeofQuestions
☐vocabulary-in-context
☐logic-based
☐TypeofQuestions
☐vocabulary-in-context
☐Howthewordsareusedinthecontextofthesentence
☐Thedefinitionsofthewordsinvolved
☐logic-based
☐Themeaningofthewords
☐Howthewordsareusedincontext
☐Understandthelogicofarathercomplicatedsentence
☐TypeofQuestions
☐vocabulary-in-context
☐Howthewordsareusedinthecontextofthesentence
☐Thedefinitionsofthewordsinvolved
☐logic-based
☐Themeaningofthewords
☐Howthewordsareusedincontext
☐Understandthelogicofarathercomplicatedsentence
☐考试基本要求
☐官方要求:
☐词汇
☐逻辑
☐速度
☐考试能力是：
有效得分能力
☐1-2SAT填空的特点
☐什么是SAT填空？
☐它和我们以往的填空有什么不同？
☐中华人民共和国首都是：
__
☐《围城》的作者是：
__
☐1.Brachiopods,clamlikebivalvesofprehistorictimes,wereoneofthemost-------formsoflifeontheEarth:
morethan30,000specieshavebeen-------fromfossilrecords.
☐（A）plentiful….subtracted
☐（B）ornate….retrieved
☐（C）multifarious….catalogued
☐（D）scarce….extracted
☐（E）anachronistic….extrapolated
☐（OGP524.4）
☐SAT填空和其它填空比较
其它填空
SAT填空
考试目的
知识
逻辑
备考方式
记忆
分析
题干
信息限制
信息重复
☐SAT填空特点
☐一个有空格的完整句
☐完整：
逻辑完整、句意完整
☐填空实质
☐已知信息→未知信息
☐为什么采取这种形式？
☐generaltest公平原则
☐学术公平
☐背景公平
☐填空逻辑重复方式分类
☐同义重复（A=B）
☐反义重复（A≠B）
☐同义重复
标志
类别
标志词汇
因果
because,so,for,thus,therefore,…
目的手段结果
inorderto,for,todo,…
解释
“：
”,“；”,“---”,suchas,…
指代
such,this,that,which,these,those,…
并列/递进
and,or,notonly...butalso,even
特殊动词
continue,remain,require,represent,…
☐反义重复
标志
类别
标志词汇
转折关系
although,though,but,despite…
对比关系
a）直接对比ratherthan,insteadof...
b）特殊对比paradox,irony,surprise,shock…
c）变化turninto,change…
时间对比
recent,previous,later,earlier…
☐**1两类keywords
☐KW1逻辑关系词汇
☐because,inthat,for,and,notonly…butalso…,but,…
☐KW2核心评价词汇
☐mixture,heterogeneity,…
☐**2简化处理几类词汇
☐学科专业术语
☐人名、地名、书名……
☐取首字母，知道为何物即可
☐SomescientistsspeculatethatasmallpterosauroftheJurassicperiodknownasSordespilosushad---wingsthatwerethin,pliable,andsomewhattransparent.
☐（A）callous
☐（B）arable
☐（C）inflexible
☐（D）membranous
☐（E）viscous
☐（OGP401.3）
□1-3SAT填空解题的一般步骤
☐1抓主干（句子宏观结构）
☐2找重复（空格逻辑层面的对应）
☐3推断空格（逻辑操作：
取同取反）
☐4确认选项（排除干扰项）
☐5句子理解（检查）
☐Notes:
抓主干不等于划句子成分
●Ajudiciousbiographymustbe---representationthatdepictsboththestrengthsandtheweaknessesofthesubject,avoidingthetwoextremesof---andindictment.
●Aapolarized…vindication
●Banimaginative…discernment
●Caholistic…censure
●Dacomplimentary…animosity
●Eanequitable…eulogy
2、分类题目讲解
2-1因果
•标志词（keywords1）
•因为：
because,inthat,so…that,resultfrom,since,drivefrom,given,dueto,forthereasonthat,springfrom,for
•Becausethepandashadalreadybeenweakenedbydiseaseanddrought,aharshwinterwouldhavehad---consequencesforthem.
•（A）preventive
•（B）regressive
•（C）catastrophic
•（D）unforeseen
•（E）moderate
•Johnson’swritingisconsidered-------and-------becauseitisfilledwithobscurereferencesandbafflingdigressions.
•（A）deceiving….ingenuous
•（B）arcane….abstruse
•（C）spare….didactic
•（D）lucid….definitive
•（E）concise….esoteric
模糊
•abstruse
•ambiguous
•arcane
•daze
•dense
•dim
•dusky
•enigmatic
•equivocal
•esoteric
•impenetrable
•inscrutable
•murky
•mysterious
•nubilous
•obfuscate
•obscure
•opacity
•opaque
•puzzling
•sibylline
•slur
•tenebrous
•turbid
•unfathomable
•unintelligible
•vague
清晰
•clarity
•enunciate
•explicit
•limpid
•lucent
•lucid
•luculent
•luminous
•manifest
•patent
•pellucid
•straitghforwardly
•transparent
•transpicuous
•unburid
•unequivocal
•well-defined
•Becausethecongresswomanhasbeensoopenhandedwithmanyofherconstituents,itisdifficulttoreconcilethis-------withherprivate-------.
•（A）selfishness….inattention
•（B）insolence….virtue
•（C）magnanimity….pettiness
•（D）opportunism….ambition
•（E）solicitousness….generosity
•Hispeersrespectedhimbecausehewasboth-------and-------：
steadfastinhisbeliefsandtactfulinhisnegotiations.
•（A）resourceful….courteous
•（B）tenacious….manipulative
•（C）determined….demonstrative
•（D）resolute….diplomatic
•（E）outspoken….indiscriminate
犹豫vs果断
•果断
•volition
•tenacity
•resolve
•settle
•decide
•tenacious
•steadfast
•stubborn
•persisting
•obstinate
•犹豫
•vacillation
•dither
•hesitate
•falter
•stagger
•waver
•capricious
•shift
•vacillate
•Cathedralsusuallytakedecades,evencenturies,tocomplete;thusnooneexpectedtheNationalCathedraltobebuiltwith-------.
•（A）dispatch
•（B）presumption
•（C）durability
•（D）deliberation
•（E）reverence
•AlthoughEduoraWeltyandWilliamFaulknerwroteindistinctivelydifferentstyles,-------betweenthetwois-------becausetheybothlivedinandwroteaboutMississippi.
•（A）comparison….inevitable
•（B）cooperation…..destructive
•（C）discord….legendary
•（D）similarity….unlikely
•（E）rivalry….redundantly
•RodolfoGonzaleswasoncedescribesas-------inbodyandmindbecauseoftheflexibilityandgraceapparentinbothhisboxingandhiswritingofpoetryandplays.
•（A）unyielding
•（B）tremulous
•（C）emphatic
•（D）lithe
•（E）fickle
•因为爱
•所以爱
•因为喜欢
•所以喜欢
2-2目的、手段和结果
•目的：
行为预期效果
•结果：
行为现实影响
•
听力2个月考试
目标
结果
听写15
28分以上
25分
泛听15
28分
18分
睡眠听力15
28分
10分
•Toreflectthe-------ofthatnation’sspokenlanguages,itswritersoftenmakeusofamixtureofdialects.
•（A）articulation
•（B）intonation
•（C）spontaneity
•（D）profundity
•（E）heterogeneity
•heterogeneity
•Thequalityorstateofbeingheterogeneous.
•heterogeneous:
•consistingofdissimilarordiverseingredientsorconstituents:
MIXED
•Merriam-Webster
•Toavoidbeing-----,composerStephenSondheimstrivesforanelementofsurpriseinhissongs.
•AerraticBinformal
•CelaborateDpredictable
•Eidiosyncratic
•Byportrayingawidespectrumofcharactersinhisone-manshow,JohnLeguizamoprovidesa-------tothetheater’stendencytoofferalimitedrangeofrolestoLatinoactors.
•（A）corrective
•（B）tribute
•（C）corollary
•（D）stimulus
•（E）precursor
•Inorderto-------thelossofnaturalwetlandsusedbymigratingsnowgeese,conservationistsinthe1960’sand1970’s-------wetlandrefugesinthenorthernprairies.
•（A）standardize….ignored
•（B）offset….surrendered
•（C）explain….dismantled
•（D）compensatefor….established
•（E）accountfor….administered
•Conservationists[7kEnsE5veiFEnist]
•n.（天然资源的）保护管理论者
3人物及相关
•人与其观点（言论）、作品、动作、心理、职业、爱好
•opinion/work/action/mind/profession/love
人物与相关举例
•医生：
治疗
•教师：
教书
•官员：
……
4特征主体及其行为
特殊修饰语或者本身有特殊倾向
◆conservationist
◆cynic
◆detractor
◆……
◆adversary[5AdvEsEri]n.反对者,对手,仇敌
◆advocate[5AdvEkit]n.提倡者,鼓吹者vt.提倡,鼓吹
◆artisan[B:
tI5zAn;（?
@）B:
rtIzn]n.工匠,技工
◆ascetic[E5setik]n.禁欲者,苦行修道者adj.修道的,苦行的
◆charlatan[5FB:
lEtEn]n.骗子;假内行；庸医
◆hedonistn.快乐主义者,享乐主义者
◆orator[5CrEtE]n.演说者,演讲者,雄辩家,[律]原告,请愿人
◆pariah[5pArIE]n.贱民（印度的最下阶级），流浪者，无赖汉
◆raconteur[rAkCn5tE:
]n.健谈者,善谈者
◆skeptic[5skeptik]n.怀疑论者,无神论者,怀疑宗教的人
◆virtuoso[vE:
tju5EuzEu,-sEu]n.艺术品鉴赏家
◆partisan[pB:
tI5zAn]n.强硬支持者，党羽
◆recluse[ri5klu:
s]adj.隐遁的,寂寞的n.隐遁者,寂寞者
◆hermit[5hE:
mit]n.隐士,隐居者
•总结：
•手段实现目标
•方法决定结果
•几滴汗水，几分收成
•勤能补拙是良训，一分辛劳一分才
2-3并列递进
并列A=B
递进A≤B
•Castillo’spoetryhasgeneratedonlyenthusiasticresponse:
praisefromthegeneralpublicand-------fromthemajorcritics.
•（A）condemnation
•（B）sarcasm
•（C）plaudits
•（D）irony
•（E）pathos
•Theresidentsofthetownlived-------lives;nooneindulgedinwildor-------behavior.
•（A）rambunctious….indecent
•（B）extravagant….excessive
•（C）secluded….scrupulous
•（D）circumscribed….impulsive
•（E）irreverent….animated
•Theeditorialclaimedthatthegubernatorialcandidatelackedworldlywisdomandthatthis-------wouldlikelybehisundoing.
•（A）naivete
•（B）furtiveness
•（C）venality
•（D）indecisiveness
•（E）sarcasm
•Ascientistshouldnotautomaticallyrejectfolkwaysthatmightatfirstseemsillyorsuperstitious;scientificqualificationsarenotalicensefor-------,nordothey-------prejudiceorbias.
•（A）experimentation….eliminate
•（B）arrogance….pursue
•（C）humility….advocate
•（D）smugness….legitimate
•（E）rigidity….console
•Someinteractivecomputergamesaresoelaboratelycontrivedandrequiresuch-------strategiesthatonlythemost-------playercanmaterthem.
•（A）byzantine….adroit
•（B）nefarious….conscientious
•（C）devious….lackadaisical
•（D）onerous….slipshod
•（E）predictable….compulsive
•Theexistenceofenvironmentalcontaminationisnolong
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