经典全面英语语法分类复习含句子成分句子类型.docx
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经典全面英语语法分类复习含句子成分句子类型
2008高考英语复习常见的英语基本句型结构
主+谓
Westudyforthebenefitofourcountry.
主+谓+宾
Wearesearchingfortheinformation.
Weshoulddosomethingspecial.
Wedon’tallowsmokinghere.
Hepromisedtocomeearlier.
主+系+表
Wegotlostinthewoods./Hebecameangry.
Giventime,hewillmakeanexcellentartist.
常见的系动词:
be,feel,look,smell,taste,sound,touch;become,get,grow,turn,fall,go,come,keep,remain,seem,appear,turnout
*系动词判断方法：
后面一般跟着adj.而不是adv.
主+谓+宾+宾
or
（主+谓+双宾）
or
（主+谓+间宾+直宾）
Igavehimaheartywelcometheotherday.
Hetoldmethegoodnews.
常见的+双宾语的动词：
bring,take,show,buy,give,teach,tell,write,do,leave,make,lend,get,pay,promise,offer,owe,pass,send,throw,find等。
主+谓+宾+宾补
Wemadehimmonitorofourclass.
Welastfoundhiminthecottage.
Wesawhimenteringtheroom.
宾补常见于非谓语动词中，常考的有：
get,have,leave,catch,let,keep,make,感官动词等。
Therebe结构
Thereusedtobeapinetreeinfrontofthemountain.
Therehappenedtobeastormtheotherday.
祈使结构
Women,carryingbabies,getonthebusfirst.
---Alice,youfeedthebirdtoday.---Whyme?
倒装结构
Hetoldmeneveroncehadheseensuchabetterresult.
SuchisLiuXiang,arecord-breaker..
Soharddidheworkthathewontheprizefinally.
Atnotimeshallweusenuclearweaponsfirst.
强调句结构
Whatwasitthatmadehimupsettheotherday?
HedoesgetupveryearlyeverySunday.
省略结构
Neverspeakuntilaskedto.
Hedidn’tcometothemeeting,butweallthoughtheshouldhave.
感叹结构
Whatfun（itis）tojumpintoapoolonahotsummerday!
YoucanhardlyimaginehowworriedIwasatthattime.
主谓主补结构
（也有人称其为：
adj作状语）
Hisunclefelldowndead.
Shelayinbed,awake.
Heleftabeggarandreturnedamillionaire.
句子的成分
1.主语—主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。
一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。
它在句首。
注意：
不定式作主语时，常用形式主语it句型。
2.谓语—说明主语“做什么”，“是什么”或“怎么样”。
谓语（谓语部分里主要的词）必须用动词。
谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。
它在主语后面。
3.表语¬—表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任。
它的位置在系动词后面。
*注意区别：
Myjobisteaching.（teaching为表语）与Iamteachingnow.（amteaching为谓语）
4.宾语—宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么，在谓语之后。
5.状语—状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词及整个句子。
一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义，一般由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。
状语一般放在句末，但有的可以放在句首、句中。
6.定语—定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。
形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等都可以担任定语。
因为它是修饰名词或代词的，而名词和代词又可以作主语，还可以作表语和宾语，所以定语的位置很灵活，凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语。
高考英语句子整体认知部分
并列句
英语并列句连接词：
（并列连词务必要放在句中来使用）
and;but;or;neither…nor;either…or;both…and…;notonly…butalso;whether…or
主从复合句
主从复合句连接词
1．名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）
that（无中文意思，无语法功能）
whether/if;because（有中文意思，但无语法功能）
who;whom;whose;which;when;where;why;how（howmany…）;howoften;howsoon;howlong;（所有含有w/h引导的从句均为从句连接词）
★w/h-ever（用在名词性从句中表示强调的作用）
2．定语从句引导词（限定性与非限定性；定整体与定部分的认知）
which;who;that;whom;whose;when;where;
介词+which/whom/whose;名词/代词+of+which/whom
★which/as引导非限定性定语从句
3．状语从句：
共9个
1）时间状语从句
when;while;as;before;after;assoonas;until;till;since;bythetime
（themoment/theminute/thesecond;directly/immediately;every/eachtime;Hardlyhad…when/Nosoonerhad…than）
★eachtime/everytime/nexttime/thefirsttime/thelasttime（名词作为连词）
2）地点状语从句
★wherewherever
3）原因状语从句
because;since;as;for;nowthat;seeingthat;considering/given
4）条件状语从句
if;unless;once;solongas/aslongas;incase;onconditionthat;provided（providing）倘使/假若；supposing/Suppose（that）（大写放在句首使用）
5）目的状语从句
sothat（后面常有情态动词can/couldmay/might）;inorderthat
6）让步状语从句
although;though;nomatter+w/h;w/h-ever
★whether…or…无论…还是…
★while
★as（倒装）
★evenif/eventhough（根据句子逻辑采用虚拟或者非虚拟）
7）结果状语从句
so…thatsuch…thatsothat（后面无任何情态动词）
8）方式状语从句
as正像、正如；how如何，怎样
9）比较状语从句：
as…as；notso（as）…as；than
★倍数比较的各种句型
★asif/asthough（后面根据句子逻辑采用虚拟或非虚拟）
语法分类复习倒装句及感叹句专练（限时：
20′）
1.HismotherhadtalkedtohimformanyminuteswhilehewaswatchingTV,but____.
A.alittledidhehearB.littledidhehear
C.littleheardheD.alittleheardhe
2.Manyastudent____thatmistakebefore.
A.hadmadeB.hasbeenmadeC.havemadeD.hasmade
3.Duringthewar,____butalsohelosthiswifeandhischild.
A.notwashisjobinthelabtakenaway
B.notonlywashisjobinthelabtakenaway
C.notmerelyhisjobinthelabwastakenaway
D.notjustwastakenawayhisjobinthelab
4.——Wehavetostoptalkinghereoutside.Listen,____!
——Hurryup,orwe’llbelate.
A.TheregoesthebellB.Theredoesthebellgo
C.TherethebellgoesD.Goesthebellthere
5.Ithinkthisisthefirsttimethatwehavemet.____anywhere.
A.Beforehaveweneverseeneachother
B.Neverbeforewehaveseeneachother
C.Eachotherhaveweseenneverbefore
D.Neverbeforehaveweseeneachother
6.____!
Youshouldtakethischancetoattendit.
A.Howimportantconferenceisit
B.Howanimportantconferenceitis
C.Whatanimportantconferenceisit
D.Whatanimportantconferenceitis
7.Shedidn’tcometothepartylastSunday.____,shemusthavemadethepartymoreexciting.
A.IfshecameB.Wouldshecome
C.HadshecomeD.Didshecome
8.Theyfinallymanagedtoclimbtothetop,but____then.
A.wentthechildrendownthehill
B.downthehilldidthechildrengo
C.downthehillwentthechildren
D.downthehillthechildrenwent
9.Ireceivedhismother’stelephonecallateleven.____thathewasbadlyhurtinanaccidentyesterday.
A.ThendidIknowB.OnlythenIknew
C.OnlythendidIknowD.OnlythenknewI
10.——Whatsportdoyoulikebest?
——Springboarddiving（跳板跳水）.____todiveintowaterfromhighboard!
A.WhatafunisitB.Howfunitis
C.HowafunisitD.Whatfunitis
11.——Theoldmanwouldn’tstayathomeforarestevenifitrained.
——____.Hewouldfeelsickifhestayedhomeforoneday.
A.SowouldmygrandpaB.Sowouldn’tmygrandpa
C.NeitherwouldmygrandpaD.Norwouldn’tmygrandpa
12.____forustosurf（冲浪）ontheseainsummer!
A.WhatexcitingisitB.Howexcitingisit
C.WhatexcitingitisD.Howexcitingitis
13.Bynomeans____toourplanforthetrip.
A.willsheagreeB.shewillagree
C.agreessheD.willagreeshe
14.Thechildtiptoed（翘起脚尖走）quietlytothebird.____intotheforestwhenhewasabouttocatchit.
A.FlewitawayB.AwayflewitC.AwayitflewD.Flewawayit
15.LittleTomisanorphan.____,hehastomakealivingbyhimself.
A.AchildasheisB.Childasheis
C.ChildasisheD.Achildthoughheis
16.____hegavethatweshouldtakemoreexerciseinoursparetime!
A.WhatagoodadviceB.Howagoodadvice
C.WhatgoodadviceD.Howgoodadvice
17.Hardlyhadshewalkedoutofthewoods____sheheardthestrangescreamcomingfrombehindatree.
A.thanB.untilC.sinceD.when
18.____thatwecouldn’tcatchupwithhim.
A.SofastheranB.Sofastdidherun
C.SofastranheD.Suchfastdidherun
19.Wehavebeenondutyforfourhoursand____.
A.nowcomesyourturnB.nowdoesyourturncome
C.nowyourturncomeD.comesnowyourturn
20.Layingeggs___theantqueen’sfull-timejob.
A.haveB.hasCareD.is
21.____canyoufindouthowmanychickensthereare!
A.CountingthemB.Bycountingthem
C.OnlybycountingthemD.Onlyhaveyoucountedthem
22.Betweenthetwomounts____andtheydecidetobuildaropeway（索道）.
A.liesaverydeepvalleyB.doesaverydeepvalleylie
C.averydeepvalleyliesD.averydeepvalleylays
23.Theywentintoasmallhousebut____.
A.nopersonsdidtheyfindB.notapersonfoundthey
C.notapersondidtheyfindD.notapersontheyfound
24.——Mymotherdoesalotofhouseworkbeforegoingtowork,butshehasneverbeenlate.
——____.
A.SodoesmymotherB.Neitherdoesmymother
C.NorhasmymotherD.Soitiswithmymother
25.Everyonehasarrivedateightand____.
A.thendoesthemeetingbeginB.thenbeginsthemeeting
C.beginsthemeetingthenD.doesthemeetingbeginthen
26.____itisforustoseethathedoeshisworksowell!
A.WhatsurpriseB.Howsurprise
C.WhatasurpriseD.Howasurprise
27.Lookoverthere.____!
A.Aroundthecorneriswalkingapoliceman
B.Aroundthecornerisapolicemanwalking
C.Aroundthecornerapolicemaniswalking
D.Isaroundthecornerwalkingapoliceman
28.____,wecouldforgivehimforhismistakes!
A.WerehestillachildB.Ifheisstillachild
C.IshestillachildD.Hewerestillachild
29.HenryoftenhelpslookafterGrannyWang,but____.
A.seldomisGeorgeB.seldomGeorgedoes
C.seldomdoesGeorgeD.seldomlooksGeorgeafterGrannyWang
30.——ThewaterchangesintothickicecoveringriversandlakesinwinterinHarbin.
——____inUrumqiandchildrengoskatingonitthen.
A.SoisitB.SoitdoesC.SoitisD.Sodoesit
31.Irememberthat____anoldchurchonthetopofthehillmanyyearsago.
A.usedtobethereB.thereusedtobe
C.thereusedtohaveD.therehad
32.Couldyouwritemealetter____?
A.whenwillyougethomeB.whendoyougethome
C.whenyouwillgethomeD.whenyougethome
33.MothertoldRosetobuysomesugarinthesupermarketand____.
A.shedidsoB.soshedidC.sodidsheD.shedidsuch
34.____shortlyafteritstoppedraining.
A.Thereappearedacolorfulrainbowinthesky
B.Intheskydidacolorfulrainbowappear
C.Thereacolorfulrainbowappearedinthesky
D.Thereintheskyacolorfulrainbowappeared
35.Oneachsideofthestreet___alotoftrees.
A.aregrownB.isstandingC.growD.stands
36.Wehavelookedforthelostsheepalmosteverywhere,butnowhere____.
A.wecanfinditB.canwefindit
C.canfindweitD.wecanitfind
37.Onlysincetheygaveupthatgoodchance____toshowtheirinvention
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