经典全面英语语法分类复习含句子成分句子类型.docx

1、经典全面英语语法分类复习含句子成分句子类型2008高考英语复习 常见的英语基本句型结构主+谓We study for the benefit of our country.主+谓+宾We are searching for the information.We should do something special.We dont allow smoking here.He promised to come earlier.主+系+表We got lost in the woods. / He became angry. Given time, he will make an excellen

2、t artist.常见的系动词: be, feel, look, smell, taste, sound, touch; become, get, grow, turn, fall, go, come, keep, remain, seem, appear , turn out*系动词判断方法：后面一般跟着adj.而不是adv.主+谓+宾+宾or（主+谓+双宾）or （主+谓+间宾+直宾）I gave him a hearty welcome the other day.He told me the good news.常见的+双宾语的动词：bring, take, show, buy, gi

3、ve, teach, tell, write, do, leave, make, lend, get, pay, promise, offer, owe, pass, send, throw, find等。 主+谓+宾+宾补We made him monitor of our class.We last found him in the cottage.We saw him entering the room.宾补常见于非谓语动词中，常考的有：get, have, leave, catch, let, keep, make, 感官动词等。There be 结构There used to be

4、a pine tree in front of the mountain.There happened to be a storm the other day.祈使结构Women, carrying babies, get on the bus first.- Alice, you feed the bird today.- Why me?倒装结构He told me never once had he seen such a better result.Such is Liu Xiang, a record-breaker.So hard did he work that he won th

5、e prize finally.At no time shall we use nuclear weapons first.强调句结构What was it that made him upset the other day?He does get up very early every Sunday.省略结构Never speak until asked to.He didnt come to the meeting, but we all thought he should have.感叹结构What fun (it is) to jump into a pool on a hot sum

6、mer day! You can hardly imagine how worried I was at that time.主谓主补结构(也有人称其为： adj作状语 )His uncle fell down dead.She lay in bed, awake.He left a beggar and returned a millionaire.句子的成分1. 主语主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。注意：不定式作主语时，常用形式主语it句型。2. 谓语说明主语“做什么”，“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语(谓语

7、部分里主要的词)必须用动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。3. 表语表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。*注意区别：My job is teaching.(teaching 为表语) 与 I am teaching now.(am teaching 为谓语)4. 宾语宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么，在谓语之后。5. 状语状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词及整个句子。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度

8、等意义，一般由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。状语一般放在句末，但有的可以放在句首、句中。6. 定语定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等都可以担任定语。因为它是修饰名词或代词的，而名词和代词又可以作主语，还可以作表语和宾语，所以定语的位置很灵活，凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语。高考英语句子整体认知部分并列句英语并列句连接词：（并列连词务必要放在句中来使用）and; but; or ;neithernor; eitheror; bothand; not onlybut also; whetheror主从复合句主从

9、复合句连接词1名词性从句（主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句）that (无中文意思，无语法功能)whether / if ; because (有中文意思，但无语法功能)who; whom; whose; which; when; where; why; how (how many); how often; how soon; how long; (所有含有w / h引导的从句均为从句连接词) w / h - ever (用在名词性从句中表示强调的作用)2定语从句引导词（限定性与非限定性；定整体与定部分的认知）which; who; that; whom; whose; when; w

10、here;介词+which/ whom/ whose; 名词/代词 + of + which/ whom which / as 引导非限定性定语从句3状语从句：共9个1)时间状语从句when; while; as; before; after; as soon as; until; till; since; by the time(the moment/ the minute/the second; directly/ immediately; every/ each time; Hardly hadwhen/ No sooner hadthan) each time/ every time/

11、 next time/ the first time/ the last time (名词作为连词)2)地点状语从句 where wherever3)原因状语从句because; since; as; for; now that; seeing that; considering/ given4)条件状语从句if; unless; once; so long as/as long as; in case; on condition that ; provided (providing)倘使/假若；supposing/ Suppose (that) (大写放在句首使用) 5)目的状语从句so t

12、hat (后面常有情态动词can / could may / might); in order that6)让步状语从句although; though; no matter + w /h; w / h - ever whetheror无论还是 while as (倒装) even if / even though (根据句子逻辑采用虚拟或者非虚拟)7)结果状语从句sothat suchthat so that (后面无任何情态动词)8)方式状语从句as 正像、正如； how 如何，怎样9)比较状语从句： asas； not so (as)as； than 倍数比较的各种句型 as if /

13、as though (后面根据句子逻辑采用虚拟或非虚拟)语法分类复习 倒装句及感叹句专练（限时：20）1.His mother had talked to him for many minutes while he was watching TV,but _. A.a little did he hear B.little did he hear C.little heard he D.a little heard he 2. Many a student _ that mistake before.A. had made B. has been made C. have made D. ha

14、s made3.During the war, _but also he lost his wife and his child. A.not was his job in the lab taken away B.not only was his job in the lab taken away C.not merely his job in the lab was taken away D.not just was taken away his job in the lab 4. We have to stop talking here outside.Listen,_! Hurry u

15、p, or well be late. A.There goes the bell B.There does the bell go C.There the bell goes D.Goes the bell there 5.I think this is the first time that we have met._anywhere. A.Before have we never seen each other B.Never before we have seen each other C.Each other have we seen never before D.Never bef

16、ore have we seen each other 6._! You should take this chance to attend it. A.How important conference is it B.How an important conference it is C.What an important conference is it D.What an important conference it is 7.She didnt come to the party last Sunday._,she must have made the party more exci

17、ting. A.If she came B.Would she come C.Had she come D.Did she come 8.They finally managed to climb to the top,but _then. A.went the children down the hill B.down the hill did the children go C.down the hill went the children D.down the hill the children went 9.I received his mothers telephone call a

18、t eleven._that he was badly hurt in an accident yesterday. A.Then did I know B.Only then I knew C.Only then did I know D.Only then knew I 10. What sport do you like best? Springboard diving(跳板跳水)._ to dive into water from high board! A.What a fun is it B.How fun it is C.How a fun is it D.What fun it

19、 is 11. The old man wouldnt stay at home for a rest even if it rained. _.He would feel sick if he stayed home for one day. A.So would my grandpa B.So wouldnt my grandpa C.Neither would my grandpa D.Nor wouldnt my grandpa 12._for us to surf(冲浪) on the sea in summer! A.What exciting is it B.How exciti

20、ng is it C.What exciting it is D.How exciting it is 13.By no means _ to our plan for the trip. A.will she agree B.she will agree C.agrees she D.will agree she 14.The child tiptoed(翘起脚尖走) quietly to the bird._into the forest when he was about to catch it. A.Flew it away B.Away flew it C.Away it flew

21、D.Flew away it 15.Little Tom is an orphan._,he has to make a living by himself. A.A child as he is B.Child as he is C.Child as is he D.A child though he is 16._he gave that we should take more exercise in our spare time! A.What a good advice B.How a good advice C.What good advice D.How good advice 1

22、7.Hardly had she walked out of the woods _ she heard the strange scream coming from behind a tree. A.than B.until C.since D.when 18._that we couldnt catch up with him. A.So fast he ran B.So fast did he run C.So fast ran he D.Such fast did he run 19.We have been on duty for four hours and _. A.now co

23、mes your turn B.now does your turn come C.now your turn come D.comes now your turn 20. Laying eggs _ the ant queens full-time job.A. have B. has C are D. is 21._can you find out how many chickens there are! A.Counting them B.By counting them C.Only by counting them D.Only have you counted them 22.Be

24、tween the two mounts_and they decide to build a ropeway(索道). A.lies a very deep valley B.does a very deep valley lie C.a very deep valley lies D.a very deep valley lays 23.They went into a small house but _. A.no persons did they find B.not a person found they C.not a person did they find D.not a pe

25、rson they found 24. My mother does a lot of housework before going to work,but she has never been late. _. A.So does my mother B.Neither does my mother C.Nor has my mother D.So it is with my mother 25.Everyone has arrived at eight and _. A.then does the meeting begin B.then begins the meeting C.begi

26、ns the meeting then D.does the meeting begin then 26._it is for us to see that he does his work so well! A.What surprise B.How surprise C.What a surprise D.How a surprise 27.Look over there._! A.Around the corner is walking a policeman B.Around the corner is a policeman walking C.Around the corner a

27、 policeman is walking D.Is around the corner walking a policeman 28._,we could forgive him for his mistakes! A.Were he still a child B.If he is still a child C.Is he still a child D.He were still a child 29.Henry often helps look after Granny Wang,but_. A.seldom is George B.seldom George does C.seld

28、om does George D.seldom looks George after Granny Wang 30. The water changes into thick ice covering rivers and lakes in winter in Harbin. _ in Urumqi and children go skating on it then. A.So is it B.So it does C.So it is D.So does it 31.I remember that _ an old church on the top of the hill many ye

29、ars ago. A.used to be there B.there used to be C.there used to have D.there had 32.Could you write me a letter _? A.when will you get home B.when do you get home C. when you will get home D.when you get home 33.Mother told Rose to buy some sugar in the supermarket and _. A.she did so B.so she did C.

30、so did she D.she did such 34._shortly after it stopped raining. A.There appeared a colorful rainbow in the sky B.In the sky did a colorful rainbow appear C.There a colorful rainbow appeared in the sky D.There in the sky a colorful rainbow appeared 35. On each side of the street _ a lot of trees.A. are grown B. is standing C. grow D. stands 36.We have looked for the lost sheep almost everywhere,but nowhere _. A.we can find it B.can we find it C.can find we it D.we can it find 37.Only since they gave up that good chance_ to show their invention