高考英语专题训练阅读理解的综合题分类附答案解析.docx
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高考英语专题训练阅读理解的综合题分类附答案解析
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
FaceApphastakentheworldbystorm,givingusersthechancetoseethemselvesagethroughitsalgorithm.12.7millionpeople—somethreemillionmorethanthepopulationofNewYorkCity—reportedlydownloadeditinoneseven-dayperiodlastmonth.
AlthoughtheRussianapphasbecomeknownforitsprivacyissues,themoreinterestinglessonofourFaceAppfling(尽情玩乐)iswhatittellsusaboutoursociety—andourfuturelives.Itturnsoutwearemoreinterestedinagingthanwerealized.I'msurprisedbythis.Mostyoungerpeopleareindenial(否认)aboutoldage,doingalmostnothingtoprepareforit.Werarelyhaveachancetoplanforthefuture,withincreasingtimeandfinancialpressures.Thosepressuresbringsacrificesthatwemaynotalwayswanttomake:
wecannolongeraffordtospendthetimeorthemoneyneededtolookafterourelderlyparents.
Asafamilydoctor,Icanseethelonelinessepidemicdeveloping.Elderlypatientscometoseemewithnoparticularillness,noclearmedicalissue.Afterafewminutesoftheconsultation,Iunderstandwhy:
they'renotsick,andoftentheydon'tfeelsick.Theyjustneedsomeone—anyone-totalkto.
Althoughlonelinesshasnomedicalclassification,thehealtheffectsarereal:
theresultoflonelinessandisolationcanbeasharmfultoourhealthassmoking15cigarettesaday,andismoredamagingthanobesity.Butlonelinessdoesnotcomewithnearlyenoughhealthwarnings.
Sowhatnext?
Since1980,wearelivingonaverage10yearslonger.Atthesametime,peoplearehavingfewerandfewerchildren,andtheyarehavingthemmuchlaterinlife.Thesnakeofaworldclasshealthserviceiseatingitsowntail;itscareisprolonging(延长)people'slives,butastheratioofpensioners(退休人员)toworking-agepeopleincreases,therearefewertaxpayerstofundthatveryhealthservice.
IntothisvoidhavesteppedNGOs,charitiesandvolunteers.Butinthelongterm,theonlywaytotrulyhelptheoldestmetersofoursocietyistogobacktothetraditionalvaluesofintergenerational(两代间的)cooperation—oftenundersameroof.Ultimately,wewillneedtoevolvetowardsaculturewhereelderlycareistreatedthesameaschildcare,whereemployersrecognizethedutyofsomeonewithanelderlyparentthesamewaytheyrecognizethoseofsomeonewithanewbornchild.
(1)TheexampleofFaceAppisusedto_____.
A. provethepopularityofit
B. explainthefunctionofit
C. showtheprogressoftechnology
D. introducethetopicofagingandloneliness
(2)Whatmakeselderlypeoplewithoutillnessgotoseetheirfamilydoctors?
A. Desiretohavetheconsultation.
B. Strongfeelingofloneliness.
C. Unclearmedicalissues.
D. Questionstoaskdoctors.
(3)Howcantheoldestmembersbetrulyhelped?
A. Bybeingtreatedaschildren.
B. Bygoingbacktothetraditionalsociety.
C. Byprovidingfamilycare. D. Bylivingwithotherelderlypeopleunderthesameroof.
(4)Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?
A. Thelonelinessofelderlypeopleneedsmoreattention.
B. FaceApp'spopularityprovesithasnosecurityproblems.
C. Healthservicelacksfundbecauseofprolongedpeopledlives.
D. FaceAppishelpfulindealingwithelderlypeopledloneliness.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)B
(3)C
(4)A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,作者由FaceApp话题谈到当今的社会现象——老人感到孤独,他们需要关注。
作者认为孤独虽不是病,但它能影响人的健康,所以他呼吁人们像关注新生儿那样关注老人。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第一段"FaceApphastakentheworldbystorm,givingusersthechancetoseethemselvesagethroughitsalgorithm.12.7millionpeople—somethreemillionmorethanthepopulationofNewYorkCity—reportedlydownloadeditinoneseven-dayperiodlastmonth.“;第二段中的”...themoreinterestinglessonofourFaceAppfling(尽情玩乐)iswhatittellsusaboutoursociety—andourfuturelives.Itturnsoutwearemoreinterestedinagingthanwerealized.“可知,FaceApp已经风靡全球,用户有机会通过它的算法看到自己的年龄。
据报道,在上个月的七天时间里,有1270万人下载了这本书,比纽约市的人口多了300万。
它告诉了我们关于我们的社会和我们未来的生活。
事实证明,我们对衰老的兴趣比我们意识到的更大。
作为一名家庭医生,我可以看到孤独感的蔓延。
所以FaceApp主要的功能是通过它的算法使用户看到自己的年龄,接着讲述老人所面临的问题—孤独和衰老。
故判断出FaceApp的例子是用来介绍衰老和孤独的话题。
故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的”Asafamilydoctor,Icanseethelonelinessepidemicdeveloping.Elderlypatientscometoseemewithnoparticularillness,noclearmedicalissue.“可知老人经常去看家庭医生是因为孤独,他们没有生病,只想找人聊聊。
故选B。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据最后一段中的”Butinthelongterm,theonlywaytotrulyhelptheoldestmembersofoursocietyistogobacktothetraditionalvaluesofintergenerational(两代间的)cooperation—oftenundersameroof.Ultimately,wewillneedtoevolvetowardsaculturewhereelderlycareistreatedthesameaschildcare“,可知从长期来看我们帮助老年成员的方法是和他们一起居住,并且给予他们婴儿般的关爱。
故选C。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据第五段中的”Butlonelinessdoesnotcomewithnearlyenoughhealthwarnings.“可知老人孤独并没有带来足够的健康警示,故推断人们孤独的老人应该得到更多的关注,选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇社会现象类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
AfewyearsbackIworkedinauniversitybuildingthatalsohousedadepartmentfullofpsychologists,allofwhomseemedtoseeusasperfectguineapigs(豚鼠)fortheirlatesttheories.Ifaneagergraduatestudentshowedupinmyofficebearingdessertsandaskedmetopickone,I'dcastacarefulglanceandask"Why?
"beforegrabbingtheapplepie.
Sooneday,whensomeonefromthePsychologyDepartmentpostedinstructionsinthebathroompersuadingallofusto"Thinkaboutfivethingsforwhichyou'regratefuleverydayforaweek!
"myresponsewasfranklydoubtful.Ididthemath.Fivethingsadayforsevendaysisalotofbrainpowertoexpendwithoutsomuchasthepromiseofanapplepie.
IwanderedintotheofficeofHeidiZetzer,thedirectorofourschool'sPsychologicalServicesClinic."What'swiththegratitudething?
"Iasked.Youdon'taskanacademicquestion-evenasimpleoneunlessyou'repreparedforalonganswer.Heidicamealive,andIsatdown.That'swhenIfirstheardtheterm"positivepsychology".Thegratitudething,asIhadcalledit,wasbutonesmallandsimpleelementofthepractice."Kindofliketrainingthebraintofocusonjoy,"myfriendHeidiexplained."It'sonlyaweek,"sheurged."Tryit."Idid.Andguesswhat?
Itworked.
Everydayforaweek,IfoundfivedistinctthingsforwhichIwasthankful.Theyhadtobedifferenteveryday.Icouldn'tgetawaywithjustbeinggratefulformywonderfulhusband.ButIcould,suggestedCollieConoley,anotherpositivepsychologist,expressmygratitudeforspecificaspectsofacertainpersoneachday.He'sagreatcook.Healwaysputsourfamilyfirst.
Lifewillneverbeperfect.Istillseenewstoriesthatannoyme.Thetrafficinmycityismaddening.IwishIcouldspeedupmyrecovery.Butwithjustonesimpleexercise,I'mrediscoveringthepeaceofthatoldsaying:
acceptingthethingsIcan'tchange,workingwithoutcomplainttochangewhatIcan,andbeingwiseenoughtoknowthedifference.
Andallittookwasalittlegratitude.
(1)What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardthestudentwithdesserts?
A. Cautious.
B. Respectful.
C. Indifferent.
D. Supportive.
(2)Whywastheauthordoubtfulabouttheinstructions?
A. Becauseshethoughtitwasn'tworththeeffort.
B. Becauseshedidn'tlikeexpressingthanksoften.
C. Becausesheneededtoaskherfriendtodoitfirst.
D. Becauseshecoulddofivethingseverydayeasily.
(3)WhatdoesCollieConoleysuggesttheauthorshoulddo?
A. Begratefultoherwonderfulhusband.
B. Bethankfulforthingsbutnotpeople.
C. Beagreatcookandputherfamilyfirst.
D. Bespecificaboutwhatshe'sthankfulfor.
(4)What'sthebesttitleforthetext?
A. Don'tBeBotheredbySmallThings
B. WeCanChangeEverythingIfWeWant
C. PracticingGratitudeChangedMyLife
D. BeingGratefultoOneGoodPerson
【答案】
(1)A
(2)A
(3)D
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文,在一个星期的时间里,作者坚持每天都能发现五件她特别感激的事情,而且每天都有所不同。
生活永远不会完美。
但通过这么一个简单的练习,作者重新发现了那句老话的平和:
接受我不能改变的事情,毫无怨言地去改变我能改变的,并且足够明智地知道两者的区别。
这只需要一点感激之情。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“Ifaneagergraduatestudentshowedupinmyofficebearingdessertsandaskedmetopickone,I'dcastacarefulglanceandask‘Why?
’beforegrabbingtheapplepie.”如果一个心急的研究生拿着甜点出现在我的办公室,让我挑选一种,在抓苹果派之前,我会仔细地看一眼,然后问“为什么?
”可知,作者在抓苹果派之前,会仔细地看一眼,然后问“为什么?
”。
可知,作者对带甜点的学生持有谨慎的态度。
故选A。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“myresponsewasfranklydoubtful.Ididthemath.Fivethingsadayforsevendaysisalotofbrainpowertoexpendwithoutsomuchasthepromiseofanapplepie.”我的反应坦率地说是怀疑的。
我算了算。
连续7天每天做5件事,甚至连吃苹果派的承诺都没有,那就太费脑力了。
可推知,作者认为对“连续7天每天做5件事”的要求充满怀疑,认为太费脑力、不值得去做。
故选A。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第四段中的“ButIcould,suggestedCollieConoley,anotherpositivepsychologist,expressmygratitudeforspecificaspectsofacertainpersoneachday.He'sagreatcook.Healwaysputsourfamilyfirst.”但是另一位积极心理学家柯利·康诺利建议道,我可以每天对一个人的某些方面表达我的感激之情。
他是个很棒的厨师。
他总是把我们的家庭放在第一位。
可知,柯利·康诺利建议作者每天对一个人的某些方面表达感激之情。
由此可知,柯利·康诺利建议作者具体说明她感激什么。
故选D。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Butwithjustonesimpleexercise,I'mrediscoveringthepeaceofthatoldsaying:
acceptingthethingsIcan'tchange,workingwithoutcomplainttochangewhatIcan,andbeingwiseenoughtoknowthedifference.”但通过一个简单的练习,我重新发现了那句老话的平和:
接受我不能改变的事情,毫无怨言地去改变我能改变的,并且足够明智地知道两者的区别)可知,练习表达感激,改变了作者的观念和生活。
由此可知选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇人生感悟类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息。
并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
Duringyourfouryearsinthecollege,you'llhavemanyexcitingchoicestomake,thefirstofwhichwillbeyourcourseselectionforyourfirstsemester.Thebeautyofthischoiceisthatyoucan'tgowrong!
NomatterwhichoneofourFirst-YearOptionsyouselecttoapplyfor,youwillcreatearichintellectualexperiencetobeginyourcollegecareer.
Option1