南岳大庙英文导游辞.docx

南岳大庙英文导游辞.docx

《南岳大庙英文导游辞.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《南岳大庙英文导游辞.docx（7页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

南岳大庙英文导游辞

南岳大庙英文导游辞

Goodmorning!

Ladiesandgentlemen:

   TodaywewillgoandvisittheNanyueTemple,NanyueTempleissituatedonthenortherntipofNanyueTownshipandatthesouthernfootofChidiPeak.Inalayoutofninerows,Itisthelargestandbest-preservedancientpalatialarchitecturalcomplexofsouthChina.Magnificentandsplendidwithresplendentupturnedeaves.InsidetheeastinparalleltoeightBuddhistpalacesonthewest,ItisindeedawonderinthehistoryofreligionthatTaoism.BuddhismandConfucianculturecanco-existwithinasingletemple.

   TheexacttimeoftheconstructionofNanyueTempleisunknown.ItexistedasearlyasintheQinandHanDynastis.OriginallyLocatedonthesummitofZhurongPeak,Thetemplewaslatermovedtothemountainfoottofacilitatethereligiousactivities.ThebeginningoftheTangDynastywitnessedtheformalconstructionoftheHeavenlyLordHuo”sTemple”the“HeavenlyMasterTemple”.SoastoenshrineandworshiptheGodsofthefivesacredmountains,DuringtheSongDynastytheimmortaloftheHengshanMountainwasreveredasthe“HeavenlyMasterZhaosheng”,asaresultthetemplewasgraduallyexpandedandenlarged.SincetheTangDynastyNanyueTemplehadbeedsubjecttosixfiresand16reconstructionsallthroughtheSong.Yuan,MingandQingDynasties.Inthe8thyearofEmperorGuangxu”sreignintheQingDynasty（1882A.D）,theImperialCourtorderedtherbuildingofNanyueTemple.Whichhadbeenruinedbylightning,Theprojectwasimitative.CopyingthestylesoftheImperialPalace.Andeventothepresentdayitisstillwellpreserved.

   Fencedwithred-brickwalls.NanyueTempleccupiesanareaofsome70.000squaremetres.Fromnorthtosouthliesinsequenceninerowsandfourcourtyards-LingxingGate.KuixingTower.ChuanGate.PavilionofImperialStudy,MainHall,DwellingPalaceandtheNorthernRearExit.Thewholearchitecturecomplexstretchesacrossonaxisextendingfromsouthtonorthwithitshallslinkeduptogether.Thewindingcorridorsandwing-roomsonbothsidesmergewitheachother.Accentuatingthemagnificenceofthestatureoftheprincipalpart.OntheeastsideofthemaintemplethereareeightTaoistpalaces.CoordinatingwitheightBuddhistpalacesonthewestside.

   ThefirstrowisLingxingGate.TwogildedChinesecharacters“MountainTemple”areshiningonthewhitemarbleatthetopofthegate.Themarblegatestandsashighas20metreswithawidthof1.1metresandismeanttoimplythatduringthepastdynastiesallthereligiousactivitieswereofficiatedbyrealknowledgeablepeople.ThesecondrowiskuixingTower.ThemostperfectlypreservedancientstageinHumanProvince.withabreadthof35metresandalengthof12.Itsfa?

adefacingthemainpalace,thestageistheplacewherepeopleholdreligiousactivitiesandperformlocaloperasduringpilgrimage.Beforethetowerstandsapairof2-metretallstoneKylin（Chineseunicorn）.Withtheirfuriouseyeswidelyopen.Theyareliketwosolemnlookingsentinelsguardingthetower.

ThepebblepathundertheKuixingTowerleadstothethirdrow-MainChuanGate.EastandWestGates.Thegatewayismadeofgraybrickswithanawesomedepthandheightof15metres.Thecourtyardwithinisfilledwithdensecypresstreesandcarpetedwithgreengrass.ThefourthrowisthePavilionofImperialStudy.Distinguishedbyitsgildedtiles.Octagonaldoubleeavedroofsandexquisitely-craftedarches.InsidethepavilionthereisaBixiintheshapeofalegendaryanimalliketortoise.LegendhasitthatBixiistheninthsonofthedragon.TheBixicarriesanimperialsteleonwhichthefulltextofOnRebuildingNanyueTemplewascarvedinthe47thyearofKangxi”sreign（1780A.D.）intheQingdynasty.

   ThefifthrowisJiayingGate.NamedafterthelinefromTheAnnalsofHan-BooksofRitesandJoys:

“Thisrowistheplacewherelocalmagistratesandmonkswelcomedritualofficialsdispatchedfromthecapital.AftertheJiayingGatethesixthrowcomesintoview-TowerofImperialStudy.Whichisthestorehouseofthecollectionofimperialcalligraphies.messagesandinscribedboardsconcerningthepastemperors”ritualpresentationstothemountain.Sweeetosmanthusaheadofthetowersubmergesthebuildingwithitsrefreshingscentwhenitblossomseveryautumn.

   TheseventhrowistheMainPalace.Surroundedbytoweringoldtrees.CamphortreesplantedintheSongDynastyandcypressintheMingDynastycompetewitheachotherinsettingoffthebeautyoftheupturneddouble-roofsandthesplendourofthepalace.AddingtremendousawetotheMainPalac.Asitstands29.11metres,itsgirandeurrivalsthatofthePalaceofsupremeHarmonyintheForbiddenCityinBeijing.Insidethepalacethereare72stonepilliars,standingforthe72peaksontheHengshanMountain.Thetwohugepillarsupholdingthemainroofswerecutoutofawholegranite.Eachweighing14tons.

   Encircledbythebalustradesare144reliefsculpturescarvedoutofwhitemarbles.BasedonShanhaiJing.Pillarsontheforefrontoverlap.Carvedonthemare56historicalandlegendarythles.OnthesquaredoorwerecarvedtheImages.OnthesquaredoorwerecarvedtheImagesofthe24filialSonsandtheImagesofthe18Scholars.Heretouristscangetaroughideaoftheage-oldChineseConfucianandTaoistcultures.Claystatues-HeavenlyKingZhaoshengandGeneralJinandWulineupinthepalacewiththeirimpressivelydignifiedlook,callingforthintouristsafeelingofprofoundrespect.

   TheeighthrowisthedwellingPalacewithdoubleroofsandinperfectharmonywiththewholemountain.ThisstructurekeepsupthearchitecturalstyleoftheSongDynastyandisdecoratedwithcoloureddrawingsandpatternswhicharepopularamongpalacesintheNorth.givingasenseofgorgeousnesstothispalace.TheninthrowistheNorthernRearExit.Theendoftheaxialarchitecture,withZhushengPalacetotherightandChiefGodPalacetotheleft,Atthebackoftheexit.Apathleadsfartherintothemountain.

   NanyueTempleoccupiesaprominentpositioninthehistoryofancientChinesearchitecture.ItcarriesthegrandeurcharacterizedbypalacesintheNorth.AndatthesametimeitsmacksofthelovelinessfeaturedbygardensintheSouth.Thearchitecturalarrangementofthetempleisclearlydemarcatedandgentlymodulated.Stronglyindicatingtheingenuityandoriginalityofthecraftsmen.Itsgroundandupperlayoutsarelikeaneternalmusicalmovementwithitsownoverture,mainbodyandcoda.DemonstratingtheexcellenceofancientChinesearchitecture.

   NanyueTemplecarriesaprofoundculturalconnotation.Itboastsalargenumberofclaystatues.Woodengravingsandstonecarvings,whichareallcloselylinkedupwithChinesetraditionandculture.Over800dragonsofvarioussizes,whicharethesymboloftheChinesenation.canbefoundeverwhereinthetemple.Thecarvingsontheroofwoodandwhitemarblebalustradesareanencyclopediaofancienthistoryandmythology.Therearefairytales-“PanGuCreatingtheUniverse.”“HouYiShootingtheSuns”,“JingWeiFillinguptheOcean”¡-;realstoriesaboutsomehistoricalfigures-“SuWuShepherdingSheep.”“sleepingonsticksandTastingtheGallbladder.”“DaMOCrossingtheSea”¡-;legendsextollingfilialpiety-“MeltingtheIcewithBodyWarmthtoCatchCarps.”“WeepingontheBamboountilitTurnsintoshoots”¡-MostofthecarvingsarethelgendsabouttheearliestancestorsofTaoistimmortals.AsearlyasintheQingandMingDynasties,claystatus,woodengravingandstonecarvingwerereputedas“theThreeWonderstotheSouthoftheYangtzeRiver.”

   AllthroughthedynastiesNanyueTemplehasbeenathrivingplacetoholdreligiousactivitiesbothforthefeudalimperialcourtsandtheordinarypeople.Everyyearthetemplegreetsnearly1.000.000pilgrims.Theofferings,presentation,titlesandothercustomsarealmostthesameastheywerethousandsyearsago.Thereare“bowingpilgrimage”inwhichthepilgrimsbowwitheachsteporwitheverythreesteps,and“hungerpilgrimage”inwhichthepilgrimsbowwitheachsteporwitheverythreesteps.“Andhungerpilgrimage”inwhichthepilgrimsrefrainfromfoodduringtheirtrip.Moreoften.Pilgrimswouldsetoffinthrongs.Theyweargrayclotheswitharedclothattachedtotheirchestreading“HengshanMountainPilgrimage.”Holdingburingincensesinhand.Thosepiouspilgrimschantpilgrimingtheme”toprayforthepeaceofthenationandthewealthofpeople,makingitareallyspectacularsceneonthemountain.

Tian’anmenRostrum

   Tian’anmen（theGateofHeavenlyPeace）,islocatedinthecenterofBeijing.Itwasfirstbuiltin1417andnamedChengtianmen（theGateofHeavenlySuccession）.AttheendoftheMingDynasty,itwasseriouslydamagedbywar.WhenitwasrebuiltundertheQingin1651,itwasrenamedTian’anmen,andservedasthemainentrancetotheImperialCity,theadministrativeandresidentialquartersforcourtofficialsandretainers.ThesouthernsectionsoftheImperialCitywallstillstandonbothsidesoftheGate.Thetoweratthetopofthegateisnine-roomwideandfive–roomdeep.AccordingtotheBookofChanges,thetwonumbersnineandfive,whencombined,symbolizethesupremestatusofasovereign.

DuringtheMingandQingdynasties,Tian’anmenwastheplacewherestateceremoniestookplace.Themostimportantoneofthemwastheissuingofimperialedicts,whichfollowedthesesteps:

   1）TheMinisterofRiteswouldreceive