英语常见句式.docx

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英语常见句式.docx

英语常见句式

英语常用句式

以下是短文写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的基本句式,每组句式的功能相同或相似,考生可根据自己的情况选择其中的1-2个,做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用。

1.表示原因

1)Therearethreereasonsforthis.

2)Thereasonsforthisareasfollows.

3)Thereasonforthisisobvious.

4)Thereasonforthisisnotfartoseek.

5)Thereasonforthisisthat...

6)Wehavegoodreasontobelievethat...

例如:

Therearethreereasonsforthechangesthathavetakenplaceinourlife.Firstly,people’slivingstandardhasbeengreatlyimproved.Secondly,mostpeoplearewellpaid,andtheycanaffordwhattheyneedorlike.Lastbutnotleast,moreandmorepeopleprefertoenjoymodernlife.

注:

如写第一个句子没有把握,可将其改写成两个句子。

如:

Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourlife.Therearethreereasonsforthis.这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。

2.表示好处

1)Ithasthefollowingadvantages.

2)Itdoesusalotofgood.

3)Itbenefitsusquitealot.

4)Itisbeneficialtous.

5)Itisofgreatbenefittous.

例如:

Booksarelikefriends.Theycanhelpusknowtheworldbetter,andtheycanopenourmindsandwidenourhorizons.Therefore,readingextensivelyisofgreatbenefittous.

3.表示坏处

1)Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages.

2)Itdoesusmuchharm.

3)Itisharmfultous.

例如:

However,everythingdividesintotwo.Televisioncanalsobeharmfultous.Itcandoharmtoourhealthandmakeuslazyifwespendtoomuchtimewatchingtelevi-sion.

4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能

1)Itisimportant(necessary,difficult,convenient,possible)forsb.todosth.

2)Wethinkitnecessarytodosth.

3)Itplaysanimportantroleinourlife.

例如:

Computersarenowbeingusedeverywhere,whetherinthegovernment,inschoolsorinbusiness.Soon,computerswillbefoundineveryhome,too.WehavegoodreasontosaythatcomputersareplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourlifeandwehavesteppedintotheComputerAge.

5.表示措施

1)Weshouldtakesomeeffectivemeasures.

2)Weshouldtryourbesttoovercome(conquer)thedifficulties.

3)Weshoulddoourutmostindoingsth.

4)Weshouldsolvetheproblemsthatweareconfronted(faced)with.

例如:

Thehousingproblemthatweareconfrontedwithisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.Therefore,wemusttakesomeeffectivemeasurestosolveit.

6.表示变化

1)Somechangeshavetakenplaceinthepastfiveyears.

2)Agreatchangewillcertainlybeproducedintheworld’scommunications.

3)Thecomputerhasbroughtaboutmanychangesineducation.

例如:

Somechangeshavetakenplaceinpeople’sdietinthepastfiveyears.Themajorreasonsforthesechangesarenotfartoseek.Nowadays,moreandmorepeopleareswitchingfromgraintomeatforprotein,andfromfruitandvegetabletomilkforvitamins.

7.表示事实、现状

1)Wecannotignorethefactthat...

2)Noonecandenythefactthat...

3)Thereisnodenyingthefactthat...

4)Thisisaphenomenonthatmanypeopleareinterestedin.

5)However,that’snotthecase.

例如:

Wecannotignorethefactthatindustrializationbringswithittheproblemsofpollution.Tosolvetheseproblems,wecanstartbyeducatingthepublicaboutthehazardsofpollution.Thegovernmentonitspartshouldalsodesignstricterlawstopromoteacleanerenvironment.

8.表示比较

1)ComparedwithA,B...

2)IprefertoreadratherthanwatchTV.

3)Thereisastrikingcontrastbetweenthem.

例如:

Comparedwithcars,bicycleshaveseveraladvantagesbesidesbeingaffordable.Firstly,theydonotconsumenaturalresourcesofpetroleum.Secondly,theydonotcausethepollutionproblem.Lastbutnotleast,theycontributetopeople’shealthbygivingthemduephysicalexercise.

9.表示数量

1)Ithasincreased(decreased)from...to...

2)Thepopulationinthiscityhasnowincreased(decreased)to800,000.

3)TheoutputofJulyinthisfactoryincreasedby15%comparedwiththatofJanuary.

例如:

Withtheimprovementofthelivingstandard,theproportionofpeople’sincomespentonfoodhasdecreasedwhilethatspentoneducationhasincreased.

再如:

Fromthegraphlistedabove,itcanbeseenthatstudentuseofcomputershasincreasedfromanaverageoflessthantwohoursperweekin1990to20hoursin2000.

注:

“Fromthegraphlistedabove,itcanbeseenthat”见句式12。

考生将句式9和句式12结合在一起,便可较好地写出2002年6月CET-4、6短文写作的第一段。

10.表示看法

1)Peoplehave(take,adopt,assume)differentattitudestowardssth.

2)Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem.

3)Peopletakedifferentviewsof(on)thequestion.

4)Somepeoplebelievethat...Othersarguethat...

例如:

Peoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsfailure.Somebelievethatfailureleadstosuccess.

Everyfailuretheyexperiencetranslatesintoagreaterchanceofsuccessattheirrenewedendeavor.However,othersareeasilydiscouragedbyfailuresandputthemselvesintothecategoryoflosers.

再如:

Do“luckynumbersreallybringgoodluck?

Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewsonit.

注:

一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始,考生应掌握这一写作方法。

11.表示结论

1)Inshort,itcanbesaidthat...

2)Itmaybebrieflysummedupasfollows.

3)Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wecancometotheconclusionthat...

例如:

Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wecancometotheconclusionthatexaminationisnecessary,however,itsmethodshouldbeimproved.

注:

例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句;例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。

12.套语

1)It’swellknowntousthat...

2)Asisknowntous,...

3)Thisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedabout.

4)Fromthegraph(table,chart)listedabove,itcanbeseenthat...

5)Asaproverbsays,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

例如:

Asiswellknowntous,itisimportantforthestudentstoknowtheworldoutsidecampus.

Thereasonforthisisobvious.Nowadays,thesocietyischanginganddevelopingrapidly,andthecampusisnolongeran“ivorytower.Ascollegestudents,wemustgetintouchwiththeworldoutsidethecampus.Onlyinthiswaycanweadaptourselvestothesocietyquicklyafterwegraduate.

再如:

Doesitpaytobehonest?

Thisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedaboutanddifferentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsonit.

Good,IthinkyourEnglishisverygood!

如:

Asiswellknowntous,itisimportantforthestudentstoknowtheworldoutsidecampus.

Thereasonforthisisobvious.Nowadays,thesocietyischanginganddevelopingrapidly,andthecampusisnolongeran“ivorytower.Ascollegestudents,wemustgetintouchwiththeworldoutsidethecampus.Onlyinthiswaycanweadaptourselvestothesocietyquicklyafterwegraduate.

再如:

Doesitpaytobehonest?

Thisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedaboutanddifferentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsonit.

这些我个人来说还是不错.

1)Somechangeshavetakenplaceinthepastfiveyears.

2)Agreatchangewillcertainlybeproducedintheworld’scommunications.

3)Thecomputerhasbroughtaboutmanychangesineducation.

例如:

Somechangeshavetakenplaceinpeople’sdietinthepastfiveyears.Themajorreasonsforthesechangesarenotfartoseek.Nowadays,moreandmorepeopleareswitchingfromgraintomeatforprotein,andfromfruitandvegetabletomilkforvitamins.

11.表示结论

1)Inshort,itcanbesaidthat...

2)Itmaybebrieflysummedupasfollows.

3)Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wecancometotheconclusionthat...

例如:

Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove,wecancometotheconclusionthatexaminationisnecessary,however,itsmethodshouldbeimproved.

注:

例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句;例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。

12.套语

1)It’swellknowntousthat...

2)Asisknowntous,..

3)Thisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedabout.

4)Fromthegraph(table,chart)listedabove,itcanbeseenthat...

5)Asaproverbsays,“Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

例如:

Asiswellknowntous,itisimportantforthestudentstoknowtheworldoutsidecampus.

Thereasonforthisisobvious.Nowadays,thesocietyischanginganddevelopingrapidly,andthecampusisnolongeran“ivorytower.Ascollegestudents,wemustgetintouchwiththeworldoutsidethecampus.Onlyinthiswaycanweadaptourselvestothesocietyquicklyafterwegraduate.

再如:

Doesitpaytobehonest?

Thisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedaboutanddifferentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsonit.

10.表示看法

1)Peoplehave(take,adopt,assume)differentattitudestowardssth.

2)Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem.

3)Peopletakedifferentviewsof(on)thequestion.

4)Somepeoplebelievethat...Othersarguethat...

例如:

Peoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsfailure.Somebelievethatfailureleadstosuccess.

回答者:

Gary21978-举人四级3-414:

59

英语句子看上去纷繁庞杂,但仔细观察不外乎五个基本句式。

这五个基本句式可以演变出多种复杂的英语句子。

换言之,绝大多数英语句子都是由这五个基本句式生成的。

这五个基本句式如下:

S十V主谓结构

S十V十F主系表结构

S十V十O主谓宾结构

S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构

S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构

说明:

S=主语;V=谓语;P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语;C=宾语补足语

五个基本句式详细解释如下:

1.S十V句式

在此句式中,V是不及物动词,又叫自动词(vi.)。

例如:

Herunsquickly.

他跑得快。

Theylistenedcarefully.

他们听得很仔细。

Hesufferedfromcoldandhunger.

他挨冻受饿。

Chinabelongstothethirdworldcountry.

中国属于第三世界国家。

Thegashasgivenout.

煤气用完了。

Myinkhasrunout.

我的钢笔水用完了。

2.S十V十P句式

在此句式中,V是系动词(linkv.),常见的系动词有:

look,seem,appear,sound,feel,taste,smell,grow,get,fallill/asleep,stand/sitstill,become,turn等。

例如:

Heisolderthanhelooks.

他比看上去要老。

Heseeninterestedinthebook.

他似乎对这本书感兴趣。

Thestorysoundsinteresting.

这个故事听起来有趣。

Thedeskfeelshard.

书桌摸起来很硬。

Thecaketastesnice.

饼尝起来很香。

Theflowerssmellsweetandnice.

花闻起来香甜。

Youhavegrowntallerthanbefore.

你长得比以前高了。

Hehassuddenlyfallenill.

他突然病倒了。

Hestoodquitestill.

他静静地站看。

Hebecomesateacherwhenhegrewup.

他长大后当了教师。

Hecouldneverturntraitortohiscountry.

他永远不会背叛他的祖国。

注意:

有些动词同时也是及物动词,可构成SVO句式,例如:

Helookedmeupanddown.

他上下打量我。

Hereachedhishandtofeeltheelephant.

他伸出手来摸象。

Theyaretastingthefish.

他们在品尝鱼。

Theygrowriceintheirhometown.

他们在家乡种水稻。

He'sgotachairtositon.

他有椅子坐。

3.S十V十O句式

在此句式中,V是及物动词(vt.),因此有宾语。

例如:

Isawafilmyesterday.

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