10篇高级阅读题.docx

10篇高级阅读题.docx

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10篇高级阅读题

PassageOne（ClintonIsRight）

PresidentClinton’sdecisiononApr.8tosendChinesePremierZhuRongjipackingwithoutanagreementonChina’sentryintotheWorldTradeOrganizationseemedtobeamassive（大量的）miscalculation（算错）.ThePresidenttookadrubbing（用棒打）frommuchofthepress,whichhadbreathlesslyreportedthatadealwasinthebag.TheCabinetandWhitHousestillappeareddivided,andbusinessleaderswerecharacterizedasfurious（激烈的）overthelostopportunity.ZhuchargedthatClintonlacked“thecourage”toreachanaccord.AndwhenClintonlatertelephonedtheangryZhutopledgearenewedeffortatnegotiations（谈判）,thegesturewaswidelyportrayed（描绘，扮演）asaflip-flop（[电子]触发器；啪嗒啪嗒的响声；向后翻的筋斗）.

Infact,ClintonmadetherightdecisioninholdingoutforabetterWTOdeal.Alotmorehorsetradingisneededbeforeafinalagreementcanbereached.AndwithouttheAdministration’sgoalofa“bullet-proofagreement”thatbusinesslobbyistscanenthusiasticallyselltoaRepublicanCongress,thewholeprocesswillendupinpartisanacrimonythatcouldharmrelationswithChinaforyears.

THEHARDPART.Manybusinesslobbyists,whiledisappointedthatthedealwasnotclosed,agreethatbettertermscanstillbehad.AndTreasurySecretaryRobertE.Rubin,NationalEconomicCouncilDirectorGeneB.Sperling,CommerceSecretaryWilliamM.Daley,andtoptradenegotiatorCharleneBarshefskyalladvisedClintonthatwhiletheChinesehadmadearemarkablenumberofconcessions,“we’renotthereyet,”accordingtoseniorofficials.

NegotiatingwithZhuovertheremainingissuesmaybetheeasypart.AlthoughClintoncansignalU.S.approvalforChina’sentryintotheWTOhimself,heneedsCongresstograntBeijingpermanentmost-favored-nationstatusaspartofabroadtradeaccord.AndthetemptationformeddlingonCapitalHillmayproveover-whelming.ZhuhadbarelylandedbeforeSenateMajorityLeaderTrentLott（R-Miss）declaredhimselfskepticalthatChinadeservedentryintotheWTO.AndSenatorsJesseA.Helms（R-N.C.）andEmestF.Hollings（D-S.C.）promisedtointroduceabillrequiringcongressionalapprovalofanydeal.

Thehiddenmessagefromthesethreetextile-stateSoutherners:

GetmoreprotectionfortheU.S.clothingindustry.Hopingtosmooththeway,theAdministrationtried,butfailed,tobudgeZhuontextiles.Alsoleftinthelurch:

WallStreet,Hollywood,andDetroit.ZhurefusedtoopenupmuchofthelucrativeChinesesecuritiesmarketandinsistedon“cultural”restrictionsonAmericanmoviesandmusic.HealsoblockedeffortstoallowU.S.automakerstoprovidefleetfinancing.

BIGJOB.Already,businesslobbyistsareblanketingCapitolHilltopresaleanyeventualagreement,butwhatthey’veheardsofarisn’tencouraging.Republicans,includingLott,saythat“thetimejustisn’tright”forthedeal.Translation:

We’redeterminedtomakeitlookasifClintonhascapitulatedtotheChineseandisignoringhuman,religious,andlaborrightsviolations;thetheftofnuclear-weaponstechnology;andthesaleofmissilepartstoAmerica’senemies.Beijing’sfiercecriticswithintheDemocraticParty,suchasSenatorPaulD.WellstoneofMinnesotaandHouseMinorityleaderRichardA.GephardtofMissouri,won’thelp,either.

JusthowtoughthelobbyingjobonCapitolHillwillbebecomeclearonApr.20,whenRubinlectured19chiefexecutivesontheneedtodisciplinetheirRepublicanallies.WithbusinessandtheWhiteHousestilltradingchargesoverwhoisresponsibleforthedefeatoffast-tracktradenegotiatinglegislationin1997,workingtogetherwon’tbeeasy.AndRepublicans—withawink—saythatthey’lleventuallyembraceChina’sentryintotheWTOasafavortoCorporateAmerica.ThoughnotlongbeforetheytortureClinton.ButZhuisoutonalimb,andifCongressoverdoesthecriticism,hemaybeforcedbydomesticcriticstorenege.BusinessmustmakethismuchdeartobothitsGOPalliesandtheWhitHouse:

Thishistoricdealistooimportanttorisklosingtoanymorepartisansquabbling

1.Themainideaofthispassageis

[A].TheContradictionbetweentheDemocraticPartyandtheRepublicanParty.

[B].OnChina’sentryintoWTO.[C].Clintonwasright.[D].BusinessLobbyistsControlCapitolHill.

2.Whatdoesthesentence“Alsoleftinthelurch:

WallStreet,Hollywood,Detroit”convey?

[A].PremierZhurejectedtheirrequirements.[B].Thethreeplacesoverdidcriticism.

[C].Theywantedmoreprotection.[D].Theyareintrouble.

3.WhatwastheattitudeoftheRepublicanPartytowardChina’sentryintotheWTO?

[A].Contradictory.[B].Appreciative.[C].Disapproving.[D].Detestful.

4.WhoplaystheleadingpartinthedealinAmerica?

[A].WhiteHouse.[B].Republicans.

[C].TheDemocraticParty.[D].Businessmen.

5.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat

[A].Americawillmakeconcessions.[B].AmericawillholdoutforabetterWTO

[C].ClintonhastherighttosignalU.S.approvalforChina’sentry.[D].DemocraticpartyapproveChina’sentryintotheWTO.

PassageTwo（Europe’sGypsies,AreTheyaNation?

）

ThestrivingofcountriesinCentralEuropetoentertheEuropeanUnionmayofferanunprecedentedchancetothecontinent’sGypsies（orRoman）toberecognizedasanation,albeitonewithoutadefinedterritory.Andiftheyweretoachievethattheymightevenseeksomekindofformalplace—atleastatotalpopulationoutnumbersthatofmanyoftheUnion’spresentandfuturecountries.Someexpertsputthefigureat4m-plus;someproponentsofGypsyrightsgoashighas15m.

UnlikeJews,Gypsieshavehadnoknownancestrallandtoharkbackto.ThoughtheirlanguageisrelatedtoHindi,theirterritorialoriginsaremisty.Romanianpeasantsheldthemtobebornonthemoon.OtherEuropeans（wrongly）thoughtthemmigrantEgyptians,hencethederivativeGypsy.MostprobablytheywereitinerantmetalworkersandentertainerswhodriftedwestfromIndiainthe7thcentury.

However,sincecommunisminCentralEuropecollapsedadecadeago,thenotionofRomanestanasalandlessnationfoundedonGypsyculturehasgainedground.TheInternationalRomanyUnion,whichsaysitstandsfor10mGypsiesinmorethan30countries,isfosteringtheideaof“self-rallying”.Itistryingtopromoteastandardandwrittenformofthelanguage;itwavesaGypsyflag（greenwithawheel）whenitlobbiesinsuchplacesastheUnitedBations;andinJulyitheldacongressinPrague,TheCzechcapital.WherePresidentVaclavHavelsaidthatGypsiesinhisowncountryandelsewhereshouldhaveabetterdeal.

AtthecongressaSlovak-bornlawyer,EmilScuka,waselectedpresidentoftheInternationalTomanyUnion.LaterthismonthagroupofelectedGypsypoliticians,includingmembersofparliament,mayorsandlocalcouncilorsfromalloverEurope（OSCE）,todiscusshowtopersuademoreGypsiestogetinvolvedinpolitics.

TheInternationalRomanyUnionisprobablythemostrepresentativeoftheoutfitsthatspeakforGypsies,butthatisnotsayingalot.Oftheseveralhundreddelegateswhogatheredatitscongress,fewweredemocraticallyelected;oddly,nonecamefromHungary,whoseGypsiesareperhapstheworld’sbestorganized,withsome450Gypsybodiesadvisinglocalcouncilsthere.Theuniondid,however,announceitsambitiontosetupaparliament,buthowitwouldactuallybeelectedwasleftundecided.

Sofar,theEuropeanCommissioniswaryofencouragingGypsiestopresentthemselvesasanation.Themight,itisfeared,openaPandora’sboxalreadycontainingBasques,Corsicansandotherawkwardpeoples.Besides,acknowledgingGypsiesasanationmightbackfire,justwhenseveralcountries,particularlyHungary,SlovakiaandtheCzechRepublic,arebeginningtotreatthembetter,inordertoqualifyforEUmembership.“TheEU’swholepremiseistoovercomedifferences,nottohighlightthem,”saysanervousEurocrat.

ButtheideathattheGypsiesshouldwinsomekindofspecialrecognitionasEurope’slargestcontinentwideminority,andonewithaterriblehistoryofpersecution,iscatchingon.Gypsieshavesufferedmanypogromsoverthecenturies.InRomania,thecountrythatstillhasthelargestnumberofthem（morethan1m）,inthe19thcenturytheywereactuallyenslaved.Hitlertriedtowipethemout,alongwiththeJews.

“GypsiesdeservesomespacewithinEuropeanstructures,”saysJanMarinusWiersma,aDutchmanintheEuropeanParliamentwhosuggeststhatoneofthecurrentcommissionersshouldberesponsibleforGypsyaffairs.SomeprominentGypsiessaytheyshouldbemoredirectlyrepresented,perhapswithaquotaintheEuropeanParliament.That,theyargue,mightgivethemaboost.Therearemovesafoottohelpthemtogetmoneyfor,amongotherthings,aGypsyuniversity.

OnebigsnagisthatEurope’sGypsiesare,infact,extremelyheterogeneous.Theybelongtomanydifferent,andoftenantagonistic,clansandtribes,withnocommonlanguageorreligion,Theirself-proclaimedleadershaveoftenprovedquarrelsomeandcorrupt.Still,says,DimitrinaPetrova,headoftheEuropeanRomaRightsCenterinBudapest,Gypsies’sharedexperienceofsufferingentitlesthemtotalkofonenation;theirpotentialunity,shesays,stemsfrom“beingregardedassub-humanbymostmajoritiesinEurope.”

Andtheyhavebeguntobeabitmorepragmatic.InSlovakiaandBulgaria,forinstance,Gypsypoliticalpartiesaretryingtoformelectoralblocksthatcouldwinseatsinparliament.InMacedonia,aGypsypartyalreadyhassome—andevenrunsamunicipality.NicholasGheorge,anexpertonGypsyaffairsattheOSCE,reckonsthat,spreadoverCentralEurope,therearenowabout20GypsyMPSandmayors,400-oddlocalcouncilors,andagrowingnumberofbusinessmenandintellectuals.

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