八年级第一到第三单元.docx
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八年级第一到第三单元
Unit1Encyclopedia
Part1:
Vocabulary
中文
英文
词形转换
笔记
百科全书
encyclopedian.
人的
humanadj.
恐龙
dinosaurn.
意大利人
Italiann.
发明家
inventorn
音乐家
musiciann.
科学家
scientistn.
出生
bornv.
乡村
countryn.
才智,智慧
intelligencen.
有艺术天赋的
artisticadj.
才能,能力
ability
可能,大概
perhapsadj.
发明
inventionn.
笔记本
notebookn.
包括,包含
includev.
甚至
evenadv.
然而
howeveradv.
突然,忽然
suddenlyadv.
没有人
nobodypron.
化石
fossiln.
获胜
winv.
元
dollarn.
在乡村
inthecountry
人
humanbeing
灭绝
dieout
了解(到),弄清
findout
去散步
goforawalk
文章,物品,冠词
article
印象
impressionn.
魔法,有魔力的
magicn.adj.
知识
knowledgen.
积极的,正面的
positiveadj.
消极的,负面的
negativeadj.
吸引人的事物
attractionn.
结尾
endingn.
羊毛
wooln.
Part2:
Text
Lookitup
Herearetwoarticlesfromanencyclopedia.
DaVinci,Leonardo
LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)wasanItalianpainter,inventor,musician,engineerandscientist.
DaVinciwasborninthecountryside.Fromanearlyage,heshowedgreatintelligenceandartisticability.Ashegrewolder,helearnttodomanydifferentthings.Hispaintingsareveryfamous,andone,theMonaLisa,isperhapsthemostfamouspaintingintheworld.Healsohadmanyinventions.Forexample,hisnotebooksincludesomeinterestingdrawingsofflyingmachines.(SeeArt)
Dinosaur
DinosaurslivedonEarthmorethan60millionyearsbeforehumanbeings.TheylivedeverywhereonEarth.Somedinosaurswereassmallaschickens.Otherswereasbigaselephants.Somecouldevenfly.
Manydinosaursateplants.However,somedinosaurslikedtoeatmeat.
DinosaurslivedonEarthformorethan150millionyears.Then,suddenly,theyalldiedout.Nobodyknowswhy.However,wecanlearnaboutthemfromtheirfossils.(SeeEarthhistory)
Part3:
Phrases
1.了解
knowabout/learnabout
knowalot/alittle/littleabout
2.关于look的短语
look(it/them)uplookafterlooklike/lookasif
lookaroundlookforlookover
lookintolookthroughlookout
lookdownupon/onsblookforwardtodoing
3.写篇关于。
。
。
的文章
writeanarticleon/aboutsth
4.画画
dosomepainting
5.从很小的时候
fromanearlyage
在某人。
。
岁时
attheageof…/when…/inone’stwenties(thirties…)
6.显示。
。
。
天赋
showone’sintelligence
展示。
。
。
给某人
showsbsth=showsthtosb
beonshowshowoffshowupshowsbaround
7.变老
growolder
感官动词(look,smell,taste,sound,feel)+形容词(比较级)
2b:
be,become3g:
go,get,grow1t:
turn
1k:
keep1m:
make2s:
seem,stay
变得越来越强壮getstrongerandstronger
变得越来越聪明becomemoreandmoreintelligent
越多越好themore…thebetter
8.学习做某事
learntodosth
向某人学习
learn…fromsb
9.关于famous的短语
befamous(known/well-known)for
befamousas/befamousin/befamousto
10.invent
Edisonwasaninventor,heinventedmanyinventions.
11.include
Myfamilyincludesthreepeople,includingmyfather,mymotherandme./myfather,mymotherandmeincluded.
12.interest
Itinterestsmealot,soIshowgreatinterestinit.
Itisveryinteresting,Iaminterestedinit.
13.和。
。
。
一样
肯否:
as+形容词/副词原级+as
否:
notso…as
***assoonaspossible/asquicklyasIcan
asmuch…as/asmany…as
asfaras…/aslongas…/aswellas…
twiceasbigas…
14.another&other
other+复数名词another+单数名词(三个或以上任意一个)
***anothertwodays/twootherdays/twomoredays
one…theother&one…theother(four…)
some…others=some+(名复。
。
)…other+(名复。
。
)
some…theothers
比较:
SZisbiggerthananycityinKorea.
SZisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.
oneanother=eachother
fromonetoanother
everyotherday/week/year
theotherday=afewdaysago
15.million
Afewmillionpeople&millionsofpeople
thousandsofmillionsof千千万万
dozensof/scoresof/hundredsof/thousandsof…
16.die
灭绝dieout
死于()dieof(disease,illness,fever,cancer…)
死于()diefrom(accident,earthquake…)
Heisdying./Hediedjustnow,sonowheisadeadman.
Iamhappyathisdeath.
17.不定代词
Nobodyknowswhy.(一般情况下,不定代词视为单三)
Nobody=not…anybody=noone
somethingimportant/nothinginteresting不定代词+形容词
bothAandB/neither…nor
allof…/noneof…
either…or
some用语肯定句,any用语否定句,疑问句,但表请求征求意见邀请时,仍用some
Wouldyoulikesomewater?
***当表任何时,any也可以用语肯定句
Anycolorwilldo.
*****alittle/little&afew/few
suchanicegirl=soniceagirl
somuch/many/little/few
solittleagirl=suchalittlegirl
solittlewater
拓展:
Everyoneknowsit,doesn’the?
/don’tthey?
Everythingisready,isn’tit?
18.why
why=whatfor
19.come
comeoutofcomeout
comeintobeingcomeupwith
comeover/roundcometoanend
cometonothing
20.use
usedtodo
beusedtodoing/getusedtodoing
usesthtodo…./被动:
beusedtodo
beusedfor…
makeuseof…
Itisnousedoingsth
useup
21.remember
Remembertodosth/rememberdoingsth
反:
forgettodo/forgetdoingsth
22.其他…
whatelsedoyouknowaboutit?
/whoelse…/whereelse…
***Heistallerthananyoneelseinourclass.
HisspokenEnglishisbetterthananyoneelse’sinourclass.
23.关于找
lookfor&find&findout
24.through
TheRiverThamesflowsthroughLondon.
Ilearntospeakthroughspeaking.
Theyworkedthroughnight.
gothrough/bewetthrough
区分:
through&across&over
though&by
25.花时间做。
。
。
(人)spendtime/money(in)doingsth
(人)spendtime/moneyonsth
Ittakessbtimetodosth
物cost某人钱
(人)payfor
26.处理
WhatdidTommydowiththemonkey?
=HowdidTommydealwiththemonkey?
27.发生。
。
。
Canyoutellwhathappenedtohim?
Canyoutellmewhatwaswrongwithhim?
Canyoutellmewhatwasthematterwithhim?
28.一种、很多种
atypeof/typesof
29.爬上。
。
。
climbupto
30.包含
consistof/bemadeupof
31.在。
。
。
顶部
atthetopof/反:
atthebottomof
32.order
ordersbtosth
putsthinorder/putthewordsinalphabeticorder
beoutoforder
33.我出生在2012年3月24日。
IwasbornonMarch,24th,2012.
34.倒装句:
Herecomesthebus./Hereitcomes.(代词中间摆,名词后面甩)
eg:
Theregoesthebell./Hereyouare.
Partfour:
Grammar
some(---)&any(---)
①some,any可用单、复数可数名词和不可数名词连用。
some一段用于肯定句中,any一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。
Ihavesomesciencebooks.我有一些科技书。
(some在肯定句中译为一些)
Ihaven’tanymoney.Doyouhaveany?
我一分钱都没有。
你有(钱吗)?
***not…any=no…(any在否定句、问句中不须译出来)
②some,any与–thing,-body,-one构成的合成词的用法与some,any一样.注意something,anything,nothing三者跟形容词时,形容词要放在它们的后面。
Idon’tknowanythingaboutit.(=Iknownothingaboutit.)
Anybodycandoit.
③在疑问句中,一般不用some,只有当问句表示一种邀请或请求,或期待一个肯定的回答时,才能用some.
Willyouhavesometea?
(表邀请)
Didsomebodycallmethismorning?
注意:
Isthereanythingtoeat?
有什么好吃的吗?
(不知有没有,只是问一问)
Istheresomethingiseat?
有一些吃的吧?
(希望,而且断定会有)
④在否定句中,some表示半否定,any表示全否定。
Idon’tknowsomeofyou.我只认识你们中的一些人。
Idon’tknowanyofyou.你们,我一个也不认识。
⑤some用于单数可数名词前时,表示“某个”,而不是“一些”。
Theremustbesomereasonforwhathe’sdone.
知识点补充:
方位介词
Exercise
Part1:
Vocabulary
根据句子意思,用所给词的正确形式填空。
1.Tomisan_______,thatis,hecomesfrom______,hespeaks________(Italy).
2.Edisonwasoneofthemostfamous_________intheworld,he___________manygreat__________yearsago(invent).
3.A_______isapersonwhoplays_________instrumentashishobbyorjob.(music)
4.Anumberofgreat__________(science)wontheNobelprize.
5.WeChineselovetomakefriendswithpeoplefromdifferent___________(country).
6.Heissuchan__________personthatheisalwaysaheadofhiscompetitors,heisalwaysthinking____________(intelligence).
7.Kate,justdoit!
Becauseyouhavesomuch___________,andIbelievethatyouaremuch_____________thananyotherstudentinyourclass.(intelligent)
8.VincentVanGoghisartistic,whileDavinciisfar__________inmymind(artistic).
9.Ibelievethatyouhavethe_________(able)topasstheexamination.
10.Weshouldtryourbesttohelpthe___________,becausetheyare__________tosolvesomedifficultproblems.(able)
11.Thebookshere_________(include)someofmyfavoriteones.
12.Someanimals,________dinosaurs,crocodilesareveryfierce.(include)
13.Thoughthosetopicsareveryimportant,theyarenot_______inthisunit(include).
14.__________,itbegantorainheavily.(sudden)
15.Allofa__________,theybegantoshoutexcitedly.(suddenly)
16.Isthere___________specialintoday’snewspaper?
(something)
17.wouldyoulike___________coffee?
No,thanks,I’vehadenough.(some)
18.Jimwas_________in2000(bear).
19.They_________thegameyesterday,sotheywere________(win).
20.Shespendsafew___________onbookseverymonth.(dollar)
21.I________Jackwalkingaloneinthestreetlastnight,heseemedrathersad.(find)
22.Myfather_________hiscompanyattheageof20.(found)
23.Ilikereadingencyclopedia,itcangiveusmuch___________(know)
24.Therearemanyfamous_________inChina,theyareallvery_________(attract).
25.Ihopetheboyandthegirlwillhaveagood____________(end)
26.Winterisverycold,wecanwear_________sweatertokeepwarm.(wool)
27.Doyouwanttoridethe__________horse?
(wood)
28.Aplaneisjustlikea__________bird(fly).
29.Lucyholdtheviewthatreadingis_______,yetIthinkitisquite_________(use)
30.Theoldwomanisveryill,sheis________.Butafewminutesago,she________,sonowsheisa________woman,Iamquitesadather_________.(die)
Part2:
Textrevision
Lookitup
Herearetwoarticles________anencyclopedia.
DaVinci,Leonardo
LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)wasan_________painter,________,_______,engineerandscientist.
DaVinci____________intheco