八年级第一到第三单元.docx

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八年级第一到第三单元.docx

八年级第一到第三单元

Unit1Encyclopedia

Part1:

Vocabulary

中文

英文

词形转换

笔记

百科全书

encyclopedian.

人的

humanadj.

恐龙

dinosaurn.

意大利人

Italiann.

发明家

inventorn

音乐家

musiciann.

科学家

scientistn.

出生

bornv.

乡村

countryn.

才智,智慧

intelligencen.

有艺术天赋的

artisticadj.

才能,能力

ability

可能,大概

perhapsadj.

发明

inventionn.

笔记本

notebookn.

包括,包含

includev.

甚至

evenadv.

然而

howeveradv.

突然,忽然

suddenlyadv.

没有人

nobodypron.

化石

fossiln.

获胜

winv.

dollarn.

在乡村

inthecountry

humanbeing

灭绝

dieout

了解(到),弄清

findout

去散步

goforawalk

文章,物品,冠词

article

印象

impressionn.

魔法,有魔力的

magicn.adj.

知识

knowledgen.

积极的,正面的

positiveadj.

消极的,负面的

negativeadj.

吸引人的事物

attractionn.

结尾

endingn.

羊毛

wooln.

Part2:

Text

Lookitup

Herearetwoarticlesfromanencyclopedia.

DaVinci,Leonardo

LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)wasanItalianpainter,inventor,musician,engineerandscientist.

DaVinciwasborninthecountryside.Fromanearlyage,heshowedgreatintelligenceandartisticability.Ashegrewolder,helearnttodomanydifferentthings.Hispaintingsareveryfamous,andone,theMonaLisa,isperhapsthemostfamouspaintingintheworld.Healsohadmanyinventions.Forexample,hisnotebooksincludesomeinterestingdrawingsofflyingmachines.(SeeArt)

Dinosaur

DinosaurslivedonEarthmorethan60millionyearsbeforehumanbeings.TheylivedeverywhereonEarth.Somedinosaurswereassmallaschickens.Otherswereasbigaselephants.Somecouldevenfly.

Manydinosaursateplants.However,somedinosaurslikedtoeatmeat.

DinosaurslivedonEarthformorethan150millionyears.Then,suddenly,theyalldiedout.Nobodyknowswhy.However,wecanlearnaboutthemfromtheirfossils.(SeeEarthhistory)

Part3:

Phrases

1.了解

knowabout/learnabout

knowalot/alittle/littleabout

2.关于look的短语

look(it/them)uplookafterlooklike/lookasif

lookaroundlookforlookover

lookintolookthroughlookout

lookdownupon/onsblookforwardtodoing

3.写篇关于。

的文章

writeanarticleon/aboutsth

4.画画

dosomepainting

5.从很小的时候

fromanearlyage

在某人。

岁时

attheageof…/when…/inone’stwenties(thirties…)

6.显示。

天赋

showone’sintelligence

展示。

给某人

showsbsth=showsthtosb

beonshowshowoffshowupshowsbaround

7.变老

growolder

感官动词(look,smell,taste,sound,feel)+形容词(比较级)

2b:

be,become3g:

go,get,grow1t:

turn

1k:

keep1m:

make2s:

seem,stay

变得越来越强壮getstrongerandstronger

变得越来越聪明becomemoreandmoreintelligent

越多越好themore…thebetter

8.学习做某事

learntodosth

向某人学习

learn…fromsb

9.关于famous的短语

befamous(known/well-known)for

befamousas/befamousin/befamousto

10.invent

Edisonwasaninventor,heinventedmanyinventions.

11.include

Myfamilyincludesthreepeople,includingmyfather,mymotherandme./myfather,mymotherandmeincluded.

12.interest

Itinterestsmealot,soIshowgreatinterestinit.

Itisveryinteresting,Iaminterestedinit.

13.和。

一样

肯否:

as+形容词/副词原级+as

否:

notso…as

***assoonaspossible/asquicklyasIcan

asmuch…as/asmany…as

asfaras…/aslongas…/aswellas…

twiceasbigas…

14.another&other

other+复数名词another+单数名词(三个或以上任意一个)

***anothertwodays/twootherdays/twomoredays

one…theother&one…theother(four…)

some…others=some+(名复。

)…other+(名复。

some…theothers

比较:

SZisbiggerthananycityinKorea.

SZisbiggerthananyothercityinChina.

oneanother=eachother

fromonetoanother

everyotherday/week/year

theotherday=afewdaysago

15.million

Afewmillionpeople&millionsofpeople

thousandsofmillionsof千千万万

dozensof/scoresof/hundredsof/thousandsof…

16.die

灭绝dieout

死于()dieof(disease,illness,fever,cancer…)

死于()diefrom(accident,earthquake…)

Heisdying./Hediedjustnow,sonowheisadeadman.

Iamhappyathisdeath.

17.不定代词

Nobodyknowswhy.(一般情况下,不定代词视为单三)

Nobody=not…anybody=noone

somethingimportant/nothinginteresting不定代词+形容词

bothAandB/neither…nor

allof…/noneof…

either…or

some用语肯定句,any用语否定句,疑问句,但表请求征求意见邀请时,仍用some

Wouldyoulikesomewater?

***当表任何时,any也可以用语肯定句

Anycolorwilldo.

*****alittle/little&afew/few

suchanicegirl=soniceagirl

somuch/many/little/few

solittleagirl=suchalittlegirl

solittlewater

拓展:

Everyoneknowsit,doesn’the?

/don’tthey?

Everythingisready,isn’tit?

18.why

why=whatfor

19.come

comeoutofcomeout

comeintobeingcomeupwith

comeover/roundcometoanend

cometonothing

20.use

usedtodo

beusedtodoing/getusedtodoing

usesthtodo…./被动:

beusedtodo

beusedfor…

makeuseof…

Itisnousedoingsth

useup

21.remember

Remembertodosth/rememberdoingsth

反:

forgettodo/forgetdoingsth

22.其他…

whatelsedoyouknowaboutit?

/whoelse…/whereelse…

***Heistallerthananyoneelseinourclass.

HisspokenEnglishisbetterthananyoneelse’sinourclass.

23.关于找

lookfor&find&findout

24.through

TheRiverThamesflowsthroughLondon.

Ilearntospeakthroughspeaking.

Theyworkedthroughnight.

gothrough/bewetthrough

区分:

through&across&over

though&by

25.花时间做。

(人)spendtime/money(in)doingsth

(人)spendtime/moneyonsth

Ittakessbtimetodosth

物cost某人钱

(人)payfor

26.处理

WhatdidTommydowiththemonkey?

=HowdidTommydealwiththemonkey?

27.发生。

Canyoutellwhathappenedtohim?

Canyoutellmewhatwaswrongwithhim?

Canyoutellmewhatwasthematterwithhim?

28.一种、很多种

atypeof/typesof

29.爬上。

climbupto

30.包含

consistof/bemadeupof

31.在。

顶部

atthetopof/反:

atthebottomof

32.order

ordersbtosth

putsthinorder/putthewordsinalphabeticorder

beoutoforder

33.我出生在2012年3月24日。

IwasbornonMarch,24th,2012.

34.倒装句:

Herecomesthebus./Hereitcomes.(代词中间摆,名词后面甩)

eg:

Theregoesthebell./Hereyouare.

Partfour:

Grammar

some(---)&any(---)

①some,any可用单、复数可数名词和不可数名词连用。

some一段用于肯定句中,any一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件句中。

Ihavesomesciencebooks.我有一些科技书。

(some在肯定句中译为一些)

Ihaven’tanymoney.Doyouhaveany?

我一分钱都没有。

你有(钱吗)?

***not…any=no…(any在否定句、问句中不须译出来)

②some,any与–thing,-body,-one构成的合成词的用法与some,any一样.注意something,anything,nothing三者跟形容词时,形容词要放在它们的后面。

Idon’tknowanythingaboutit.(=Iknownothingaboutit.)

Anybodycandoit.

③在疑问句中,一般不用some,只有当问句表示一种邀请或请求,或期待一个肯定的回答时,才能用some.

Willyouhavesometea?

(表邀请)

Didsomebodycallmethismorning?

注意:

Isthereanythingtoeat?

有什么好吃的吗?

(不知有没有,只是问一问)

Istheresomethingiseat?

有一些吃的吧?

(希望,而且断定会有)

④在否定句中,some表示半否定,any表示全否定。

Idon’tknowsomeofyou.我只认识你们中的一些人。

Idon’tknowanyofyou.你们,我一个也不认识。

⑤some用于单数可数名词前时,表示“某个”,而不是“一些”。

Theremustbesomereasonforwhathe’sdone.

 

知识点补充:

方位介词

 

Exercise

Part1:

Vocabulary

根据句子意思,用所给词的正确形式填空。

1.Tomisan_______,thatis,hecomesfrom______,hespeaks________(Italy).

2.Edisonwasoneofthemostfamous_________intheworld,he___________manygreat__________yearsago(invent).

3.A_______isapersonwhoplays_________instrumentashishobbyorjob.(music)

4.Anumberofgreat__________(science)wontheNobelprize.

5.WeChineselovetomakefriendswithpeoplefromdifferent___________(country).

6.Heissuchan__________personthatheisalwaysaheadofhiscompetitors,heisalwaysthinking____________(intelligence).

7.Kate,justdoit!

Becauseyouhavesomuch___________,andIbelievethatyouaremuch_____________thananyotherstudentinyourclass.(intelligent)

8.VincentVanGoghisartistic,whileDavinciisfar__________inmymind(artistic).

9.Ibelievethatyouhavethe_________(able)topasstheexamination.

10.Weshouldtryourbesttohelpthe___________,becausetheyare__________tosolvesomedifficultproblems.(able)

11.Thebookshere_________(include)someofmyfavoriteones.

12.Someanimals,________dinosaurs,crocodilesareveryfierce.(include)

13.Thoughthosetopicsareveryimportant,theyarenot_______inthisunit(include).

14.__________,itbegantorainheavily.(sudden)

15.Allofa__________,theybegantoshoutexcitedly.(suddenly)

16.Isthere___________specialintoday’snewspaper?

(something)

17.wouldyoulike___________coffee?

No,thanks,I’vehadenough.(some)

18.Jimwas_________in2000(bear).

19.They_________thegameyesterday,sotheywere________(win).

20.Shespendsafew___________onbookseverymonth.(dollar)

21.I________Jackwalkingaloneinthestreetlastnight,heseemedrathersad.(find)

22.Myfather_________hiscompanyattheageof20.(found)

23.Ilikereadingencyclopedia,itcangiveusmuch___________(know)

24.Therearemanyfamous_________inChina,theyareallvery_________(attract).

25.Ihopetheboyandthegirlwillhaveagood____________(end)

26.Winterisverycold,wecanwear_________sweatertokeepwarm.(wool)

27.Doyouwanttoridethe__________horse?

(wood)

28.Aplaneisjustlikea__________bird(fly).

29.Lucyholdtheviewthatreadingis_______,yetIthinkitisquite_________(use)

30.Theoldwomanisveryill,sheis________.Butafewminutesago,she________,sonowsheisa________woman,Iamquitesadather_________.(die)

Part2:

Textrevision

Lookitup

Herearetwoarticles________anencyclopedia.

DaVinci,Leonardo

LeonardodaVinci(1452-1519)wasan_________painter,________,_______,engineerandscientist.

DaVinci____________intheco

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