高考英语精编词汇佳句习题含答案解析二.docx
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高考英语精编词汇佳句习题含答案解析二
一、重点单词
1.环境与保护
behaviour,damage,destroy,pollution,prevent,protect,recycle,environment,preserve,atmosphere,radiation,rubbish,conservation,consequence,garbage,protection,waste,smelly,noisy,circumstance,overlook,responsibility,volunteer,unbearable,forbid,punish,severe,tolerate,irrigate,punishment,effort,influence
2.自然
harmony,material,ecology,substitute,blow,harvest,advocate,expectation
3.动植物
disappearance,evolution,extinction,survival,threaten,creature,decline,species,decrease
4.其他
distant,permit,wave,challenging,primitive,puzzled,challenge,proper,purpose
二、高频短语
1.callonsb.todosth.号召/呼吁某人做某事
2.cutdown砍倒
3.do(great)harmto给……带来(很大)危害
4.dieout灭绝
5.have(disastrous)effectson对……有(灾难性的)影响
6.inharmonywith与……和谐共处
7.returntonormal恢复正常
8.prevent...fromdoing...阻止……做……
9.runout用完
10.thestrickenarea灾区
11.takeresponsibilityfor对……负责任
12.takesteps/measurestodosth.采取措施做某事
13.tomakemattersworse使事情更糟糕的是
14.throwaway丢弃
15.protect...from保护……免受
16.makeadifferenceto对……有影响/起作用
17.onaccountof由于
18.leadto/contributeto导致
19.frombadtoworse每况愈下
20.inthelongrun从长远来看
21.beawareof意识到
22.bring/get/keep...undercontrol控制
23.attach(great)importanceto(十分)重视
24.reducepollution减少污染
25.endangerthelivesof危及……的生命
26.maintainbiodiversity保持生物多样性
27.bekindtonature善待大自然
28.setupnaturereserves建立自然保护区
29.arousepeople’sawarenessofenvironmentalprotection唤起人们的环保意识
30.realizetheimportanceoftheenvironment意识到环境的重要性
三、常考佳句
1.Accordingly/Consequently,itisnotdifficulttodrawtheconclusionthatpeoplearemoreandmoreawareoftheimportanceofprotectingtheenvironment.
因此,不难得出这样的结论:
人们越来越意识到保护环境的重要性。
2.Withthenumberofcarsincreasingfastinourcity,ourenvironmentisgettingincreasinglyworse.
随着我们城市汽车数量的快速增长,我们的环境变得越来越糟。
3.Itiswell-knownthattheglobalwatershortageisbecomingincreasinglysevereduetoglobalwarming.
众所周知,由于全球变暖,全球水资源短缺日益严重。
4.It’shightimethatwepaid/shouldpaymuchattentiontoprotectingourenvironment.
该是我们注意保护环境的时候了。
5.Facedwiththissituation,wearesupposedtoraisetheawarenessofenvironmentalprotection.
面对这种情况,我们应该提高环保意识。
6.Onlybyknowingtheimportanceofanimalprotectioncanpeopledevelopasenseofresponsibility.
只有明白了动物保护的重要性,人们才会培养出一种责任感。
7.Asisknowntoall,natureisourhuman’sgoodfriendinsteadofenemy,soweshouldbekindtonatureandlearntoliveinharmonywithit.
众所周知,大自然是人类的朋友而非敌人,所以,我们应该善待大自然并且学会与之和谐相处。
8.AsfarasI’mconcerned,forestsplayanimportantpartinecosystem.However,withtheincreaseofcuttingdowntrees,forestsarebecomingless,whichleadstotheglobalwarming,floodsandothernaturaldisasters.
在我看来,森林在生态系统中起着重要作用。
但是,随着砍伐树木的增加,森林正在变少,这导致全球变暖、洪灾和其他自然灾害。
9.Nowmoreandmorepeoplebecomeawarethatthepresentenvironmenthasmuchtodowithwhatwehavedonetotheearth.
现在,越来越多的人认识到,当前的环境状况与我们对地球的所作所为有很大的关系。
10.We’llhavenowheretoliveinthefutureunlesswetakeactiontoprotecttheearthnow.
如果我们现在不采取措施来保护地球,将来我们会无处生存。
Ⅰ.根据英文释义和首字母提示写出单词
1.effort:
physicalormentalactivityneededtoachievesomething
2.permit:
toallowsomething
3.volunteer:
someonewhodoesajobwillinglywithoutbeingpaid
4.recycle:
tocollectandtreatrubbishtoproduceusefulmaterialswhichcanbeusedagain
5.garbage:
wastematerialorunwantedthingsthatyouthrowaway
6.substitute:
tousesomethingorsomeoneinsteadofanotherthingorperson
7.creature:
anylargeorsmalllivingthingwhichcanmoveindependently;ananimal
8.extinction:
whenaparticulartypeofanimalorplantstopsexisting
9.smelly:
havinganunpleasantsmell
10.consequence:
anoftenbadorinconvenientresultofaparticularactionorsituation
Ⅱ.用所给单词的正确形式填空
1.Rideout’steamthinksthattheCaliforniacondors’averagesurvival(survive)timeinthewildisnowjustundereightyears.
2.Ifneighborswanttogetalongwellwitheachother,theyhavetoshowtheirtolerance(tolerant).
3.Thismorning,whenIwaswalkingonthestreet,Isawthattwotravelerswerereadingamap,lookingpuzzled(puzzle).
4.Travelersshouldn’tfeedtheanimalsinaclosedistance(distant).
5.Iknowyoutakegoodpicturesandyou’vealwayswantedtodosomethingforenvironmentalprotection(protect).
6.Volunteers(voluntary)camewithcarloadsofdonatedclothingandtoys.
7.Toreturntotheproblemofwaterpollution(pollute),I’dlikeyoutolookatastudyconductedinAustraliain2012.
8.Groupexerciseischallenging(challenge),yetfunandexciting!
9.Manypeoplethinkthatthedeathpenalty(死刑)istoosevereasapunishment(punish)foranycrime.
10.Ifitweren’tforRachelCarson,theenvironmental(environment)movementmightnotexisttoday.
Ⅲ.选择方框内的短语并用其正确形式填空
dieout,doharmto,inharmonywith,runout,takeresponsibilityfor,tomakemattersworse,makeadifferenceto,onaccountof,attachimportanceto,takemeasures
1.Wehumansmustlearntoliveinharmonywithanimals.
2.Chinesetraditionallandscapepaintingstrytoshowharmonybetweenmanandnaturewhileoilpaintingsattachmoreimportancetohumans.
3.It’shightimethatwetook/shouldtakemeasurestoprotectthewildanimals.
4.Diligencemakesagreatdifferencetoone’scareersuccessinthefuture.
5.Ilostmywayintheforest,andtomakemattersworse,itbecamedark.
6.Itisveryimportantthatyoutakeresponsibilityforyourhealth.
7.Foodsupplieshadrunouttowardstheendofthetrip.
8.Wedelayedourdepartureonaccountofthebadweather.
9.Nuclearpowerwilldoharmtoourhealthandsafetyifimproperlyused.
10.Manyoldcustomsaregraduallydyingout.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.Doesshelivewithinwalkingdistance(几步之遥)ofherparents?
2.Youshouldmakeanefforttoimprove(尽力提高)yourreadingcomprehension.
3.TheshipwillsailforNewYorktomorrowifweatherpermits(如果天气允许).
4.Thenewpositionchallengedhimtostudystillharder(激发他更加努力学习)duringhissparetime.
5.Thelizardsareclassedasanendangeredspecies(一种濒危物种).
6.Ididn’tkeepmypromise.Asa/Inconsequence(结果),hedoesn’tkeepintouchwithmeanylonger.
7.Caraccidentsareonthedecrease(在减少)duetotheforcefullaw.
8.AuntMaryvolunteeredtocleanup(自愿打扫)thekitchenlastSunday.
9.Shecan’ttoleratebeingtreated(容忍被对待)thatway.
10.Theyclosedthewindowsinexpectationofrain(预料天会下雨).
Ⅴ.根据括号内提示翻译句子
1.你无论如何都不得离开这所房子。
(circumstance,倒装)
Undernocircumstancesareyoutoleavethehouse.
2.情况允许的话,我将出国学习。
(permit,独立主格结构)
Circumstancespermitting,I’llgoabroadtostudy.
3.这对双胞胎兄弟站在树下,感到困惑不解,但什么也没说。
(puzzle,形容词短语作状语)
Thetwinbrothersstoodunderthetree,puzzledbutsayingnothing.
4.到了我们该保护濒危野生动物的时候了。
(It’stimethat...,preserve)
It’stimethatwepreserved/shouldpreserveendangeredwildlife.
5.他在安保人员的护卫下离开了机场。
(undertheprotectionof)
Helefttheairportundertheprotectionofthesecurityguards.
Book1 Unit4 Earthquakes
1.burstvi.(burst,burst)爆裂;爆发;n.突然破裂;爆发
(1)IwassoterriblethatIburstoutcrying(cry).
(2)Hearingthis,thewholeclassburstintolaughter(laugh)andmydeskmate’sfaceturnedred.
用法点拨
burstinto+名词=burstout+doing突然……起来
2.ruinn.废墟;毁灭;vt.毁灭;使破产
(1)fall/comeintoruin(因缺乏照料)而衰落,败落
(2)WhentheyreturnedtoRockawaythenextday,theyfoundtheirneighborhoodinruins.
第二天当他们回到Rockaway时,发现他们的社区成了一片废墟。
(2016·北京)
(3)YearsoffightinghasleftIraqruined(ruin).
多年的战斗使伊拉克荒废了。
3.injurevt.损害;伤害
(1)injuryn.伤口;伤害
injuredadj.受伤的
(2)dosb.aninjury/doaninjurytosb.伤害某人
(3)Theinjured(injure)wererushedtohospitalinanambulance.
(4)Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn’tbeenwearingone,Iwouldhavebeeninjured.
我当时系着安全带。
如果没系的话,我会受伤的。
(2016·天津)
4.shockn.休克;震惊;打击;vt.&vi.(使)震惊;震动
Itshockedmetoseehowmyneighborstreatedtheirchildren.
→Whatshockedmewastoseehowmyneighborstreatedtheirchildren.(用what引导的主语从句改写)
→Itwasashockformetoseehowmyneighborstreatedtheirchildren.(用shockn.改写)
→Iwasshockedtoseehowmyneighborstreatedtheirchildren.(用beshockedtodo...改写)
5.rescuevt.&n.援救;营救
rescue...from...营救……脱离……
cometoone’srescue营救某人
6.trapvt.使陷入困境;n.陷阱;困境
(1)trapsb.intodoing...诱骗某人做……
(2)Teenagersclimbeddozensofflightsofstairstodeliverwaterandfoodtoelderlypeopletrapped(trap)inpowerlesshigh-risebuildings.(2016·北京)
7.buryvt.埋葬;掩埋;隐藏
(1)beburiedin=buryoneselfin埋头于;专心于
(2)Becausesheburiedherselfinthefilm,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.
→Buryingherselfinthefilm,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
→Buriedinthefilm,shedidn’tknowitwassnowingoutside.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
8.sheltern.掩蔽处;避身处;掩蔽;vt.&vi.保护;掩蔽
take/seekshelter(from)躲避(……)
shelter...from...保护……免于……
undertheshelterof在……的庇护下
9.damagen.&vt.损失;损害
(1)do/causedamageto对……造成损害
(2)Withhisreputationdamaged,heregrettedhavingdoneso.
名誉受损后,他后悔这样做了。
熟词生义
[写出句子中黑体词的汉语意思]
(3)Heclaimeddamagesforhislostgoods.赔偿金
10.frightenvt.使惊吓;吓唬
(1)frightensb.into/outofdoing...吓唬某人做/不做某事
(2)Asuddenstopcanbeaveryfrightening(frighten)experience,especiallyifyouaretravellingathighspeed.(2016·浙江)
(3)Weknowfromthepassagethatelephantsmaybefrightened(frighten)ofangrybees.
11.judgen.裁判员;法官;vt.断定;判断;判决
(1)judge...by/from从……判断,按照……判断
inone’sjudgement依某人看来
(2)Judging(judge)fromherlooks,sheseemedtobetired.
(3)Myjudgementisthattheplanisill-conceived.
→Inmyjudgement,theplanisill-conceived.
我的意见是该计划考虑不周。
12.expressvt.表达;表示;n.快车;速递
expressoneself表达自己的意思
用法点拨
express作“表达”解时其后不接双宾语,即不能说expresssb.sth.,可说expresssth.tosb.。
1.rightaway立刻;马上
同义短语:
rightnow,atonce,rightoff,straightaway,innotime等。
2.atanend结束;终结
Themeetingwasatanend.(同义句改写)
→Themeetingcametoanend.(come)
→Webroughtthemeetingtoanend./Webroughtanendtothemeeting.(bring)