ASME UTⅡ级基础试题.docx
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ASMEUTⅡ级基础试题
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(40题,每题2.5分)
1. Thelengthofthezoneadjacenttoatransducerinwhichfluctuationsinsoundpressureoccurismostlyaffectedby:
靠近换能器的声压波动区域的长度主要取决于:
A. thefrequencyofthetransducer.
换能器的频率
B. Thediameterofthetransducer.
换能器的直径
C. Thelengthoftransducercable.
换能器电缆的长度
D. bothAandB.
A和B
2. Thedifferencesinsignalreceivedfromidenticalreflectorsatdifferentmaterialdistancesfromatransducermaybecausedby:
换能器从埋藏深度不同的相同反射体接收的信号差别可能由哪种原因引起的?
A. materialattenuation.
材料衰减
B. beamdivergence.
声速扩散
C. nearfieldeffects.
近场效应
D. alloftheabove.
以上都是
3. Whichofthefollowingmayresultinalongnarrowrodifthebeamdivergenceresultsinareflectionfromasideofthetestpiecebeforethesoundwavereachesthebacksurface?
在细长的棒中,如果由于声束扩散而使声束到达底面前在试件侧面发生反射,会发生什么情况?
A. Multipleindicationsbeforethefirstbackreflection.
一次底波反射前出现许多信号显示
B. Indicationsfrommultiplesurfacereflections.
产生多次表面反射信号
C. Conversionfromthelongitudinalmodetoshearmode.
纵波转变成横波
D. Lossoffrontsurfacereflections.
表面信号衰减
4. Ifacontactanglebeamtransducerproducesashearwaveinsteel,theangleproducedbythesametransducerinan45aluminumspecimenwouldbe
sec)sec;VsAL=0.310cm/Vssteel=0.323/
切变波,该探头在铝中产生的切变波角度为如果一个接触式斜探头在钢中产生45
(已知:
Vs钢=0.323cm/微秒;Vs铝=0.310cm/微秒)
.A. lessthan45
小于45
B. Greaterthan45
大于45
C. 45
45
D. moreinformationisrequired.
还需要其它数据才能确定
5. Inwhichultrasonictestmethodthefingerdampingisthemosteffectiveforlocatingadiscontinuityis:
在哪种超声探伤法中用手指衰减法确定缺陷位置最有效?
A. shearwave.
切变波
B. Longitudinalwave.
纵波
C. Surfacewave.
表面波
D. Compressionalwave.
兰姆波
6. Ataninterfacebetweentwodifferentmaterials,animpedancedifferenceresultsin:
在两种不同材料的界面上,声阴抗差会引起:
A. reflectionoftheentireincidentenergyattheinterface.
入射能量在界面上全部反射
B. Absorptionofsound
声波被吸收
C. Divisionofsoundenergyintotransmittedandreflectedmodes.
声能分为透过波和反射波两部分
D. Noneoftheabove.
以上都不是
7.Intheimmersiontechnique,thedistancebetweenthefaceofthetransducerandthetestsurface(waterpath)
isusuallyadjustedsothatthetimerequiredtosendthesoudbeamthroughthewater:
液浸探伤时,需要调整探头和被检零件表面之间的距离(水距),使声波在水中的传播时间:
A. isequaltothetimerequiredforthesoundtotravelthroughthetestpiece.
等于声波在工件中的传播时间
B. Isgreaterthanthetimerequiredforthesoundtotravelthroughthetestpiece.
大于声波在工件中的传播时间
C. Islessthanthetimerequiredforthesoundtotravelthroughthetestpiece.
小于声波在工件中的传播时间
D. Noneoftheabove.
以上都不是
8. OnanA-scandisplay,the“deadzone”refersto:
扫描显示中,“死区”是指:
A. thedistancecontainedwithinthenearfield.
的场所包含的距离
B. theareaoutsidethebeamspread.
声束扩散角之外的区域
C. thedistancecoveredbythefrontsurfacepulsewidthandrecoverytime.
前表面脉冲宽度和恢复时间所覆盖的距离
D. Theareabetweenthenearfieldandthefarfield.
近场与远场之间的区域
9. Instraight(normal)beamcontacttesting,areductioninthebacksurfacereflectionamplitudecouldindicate:
接触法垂直探伤中,底波幅度降低的原因可能是:
A. inadequatecoupling.
耦合不良
B. aflawwhichisnotnormaltothebeam.
存在与声束不垂直的缺陷
C. anearsurfacedefectthatcannotberesolvedfromthemainbang(initialpulse).
存在与始脉冲不能分开的近表面缺陷
D. alloftheabove.
以上都是
10.Compensationforthevariationinechoheightrelatedtovariationsindiscontinuitydepthinthetestmaterialisknownas:
对于因缺陷深度变化而引起的回波高度变化进行补偿称为:
A. transfer.
传输
B. Attenuation.
衰减
C. Distanceamplitudecorrection.
距离振幅修正
D. Interpretation.
解释
11.Whichofthefollowingisareferencereflectorthatisnotdependentonbeamangle?
下列哪种参考反射体与声束角度无关
A. Aflatbottomedhole
平底孔
B. Aveenotch
V型缺口
C. Asidedrilledholewhichisparalleltotheplatesurfaceandperpendiculartothesoundpath.
平行于板材表面且垂直于声束的横孔
D. Adiceshapedlaminarreflector.
圆片状分层反射体
12.Adiscontinuityislocatedhavinganorientationsuchthatitslongaxisisparalleltothesoundbeam.Theindicationfromsuchadiscontinuitywillbe:
探测长轴与声束平行的缺陷时,缺陷显示:
A. largeinproportiontothelengthofthediscontinuity.
与缺陷长度关系很大
B. smallinproportiontothelengthofthediscontinuity.
与缺陷长度关系不大
C. representativeofthelengthofthediscontinuity.
代表缺陷的长度
D. suchthatcompletelossofbackreflectionwillresult.
使底反射消失
13.Astransducerdiameterdecreases,thebeamspread:
换能器直径减小时,声束扩散角:
A. Decreases.
减少
B. Remainsthesame.
不变
C. Increases.
增大
D. Becomesconicalinshape.
变为圆锥形的
refractionofalongitudinalsoundwave14.Theangleatwhich90isreachediscalled:
折射纵波的声束入射角叫做:
发生90
A. theangleofincidence.
入射角
B. thefirstcriticalangle.
第一临界角
C. theangleofmaximumreflection.
最大反射角
D. thesecondcriticalangle.
第二临界角
15.Largegrainsinametallictestspecimenusuallyresultin:
金属零件中粗大晶粒通常会引起
A. decreaseorlossofbacksurfacereflection.
底反射降低或消失
B. large“hash”ornoiseindications.
较高的“杂波”或噪声显示
C. decreaseinpenetration.
穿透力降低
D. alloftheabove.
以上都是
16.Acousticallensesareusedcommonlyforcontourcorrection.Whenscanningtheinsideofapipesectionbytheimmersionmethod,whichofthefollowinglenstypeswouldbeused?
声透镜常用来修正声束形状,用液浸法从管子内壁进行探伤时,应使用哪咱类型的透镜?
A. focusedcup.
聚焦杯
B. Convex
聚焦点
C. Concave
凹透镜
D. Variablepitch
可变节距透镜
17.Inawaterimmersionrest,ultrasonicenergyistransmittedintosteelat.Whatistheangleoftherefractedshearwavewithinanincidentangleof14thematerial?
105cm/sec105cm/sec Vw=1.5Vs=3.2
,钢件中的横波折射角为多大?
钢件水浸探伤时,超声波入射角为14
105cm/秒(已知V=3.2105cm/秒,可使用三角函数表)Vw=1.5
B.23A.45
D.C.31 13
18.Theangularpositionofthereflectingsurfaceofaplanardiscontinuitywithrespecttotheentrysurfaceisreferredtoas:
平面型缺陷的反射表面相对于入射角表面的角度位置叫做:
A. theangleofincidence.
入射角
B. Theangleofrefraction.
折射角
C. Theorientationofthediscontinuity.
缺陷的取向
D. Noneoftheabove.
以上都不是
19.Inultrasonictesting,thetimedurationofthetransmittedpulseisreferredtoas:
超声试验中,发射脉冲的持续时间叫做:
A. thepulselengthorpulsewidth.
脉冲长度或脉宽度
B. Thepulseamplitude.
脉冲振幅
C. Thepulseshape.
脉冲形状
D. Noneoftheabove.
以上都不是
20.Ingeneral,shearwavesaremoresensitivetosmalldiscontinuitiesthanlongitudinalwavesforgivenfrequencyandinagivenmaterialbecause:
一般来说,在频率和材料一定的情况下,切变波对小缺陷的灵敏度比纵波高,这是因为:
A. thewavelengthofshearwavesisshorterthanthewavelengthoflongitudinalwaves.
切变波的波长比纵波波长短
B. Shearwavesarenotaseasilydispersedinthematerial.
切变波在材料中不易发生发散
C. Thedirectionofparticlevibrationforshearwavesismoresensitivetodiscontinuities.
切变波的质点振动方向对缺陷比较敏感
D. Thewavelengthofshearwavesislongerthanthewavelengthoflongitudinalwaves.
切变波的波长比纵波波长长
21.Ingeneral,whichofthefollowingmodesofvariationwouldhavethegreatestpenetratingpowerinacoarse-grainedmaterialifthefrequencyofthewavesarethesame?
在频率相同的情况下,下列哪种波在粗晶材料中的穿透力最大?
A. Longitudinalwave
纵波
B. Shearwave
切变波
C. Transversewave
横波
D. Alloftheabovemodeswouldhavethesamepenetratingpower.
以上波都相同
22.Theamountofenergyreflectedfromadiscontinuitywillbedependenton:
缺陷反射的超声能量大小取决于:
A. thesizeofthediscontinuity.
缺陷尺寸
B. Theorientationofthediscontinuity.
缺陷方向
C. Thetypeofdiscontinuity.
缺陷类型
D. Alloftheabove.
以上都是
23.Wheninspectingarolledorforgedsurfacewithathinscalethatisgenerallytightlyadheringtothepart,whatisnecessarytodobeforetestingthepart?
滚轧或锻造零件超声探伤时,如果零件表面紧密地粘附一层薄氧化皮,探伤前需要:
A. cleanthesurfaceofloosescale.
将松散的氧化皮清理掉
B. Haveallscaleremoved.
将所有的氧化皮清理掉
C. Roughmachinethesurface.
表面粗加工
D. Causticetchthesurface.
用苛性碱腐蚀表面
24.Propertiesofshearortransversewavesusedforultrasonictestinginclude:
超声探伤中使用的切变波或横波的性质包括
A. Particlemotionnormaltopropagationdirection,andpropagationvelocitywhichisabout1/2thelongitudinalwavevelocityinthesamematerial.
质点振动垂直于传播方向,传播速度约为同材料中纵波速度的1/2
B. Exceptionallyhighsensitivityduetolowattenuationresultingfromlongerwavelengthswhenpropagatingthroughwater.
由于水中传播时声波波长较长,衰减较小,所以灵敏度特别高
C. Highcouplingefficiencybecauseshearwavesarelesssensitivetosurfacevariableswhentravelingfromacouplingliquidtothepart.
由于切变波从耦合液进入零件时表面的变化不太敏感,所以耦合效率高。
D. Noneoftheabovestatementsapplytoshearwaves.
以上说法均不适用于切变波
25.Ata.Theprincipalwater-to-steelinterfacetheangleofincidenceinwateris7modeofvibrationthatexistsinthesteelis:
,钢中的主要波型为:
在水/钢界面上,超声波在水中的入射角为7
A. Longitudinal
纵波
B. shear.
切变波
C. BothAandBabove
A和B
D. Surface
表面波
26.Inabasicpulse-echoultrasonicinstrument,thecomponentthatproducesvisiblesignalsontheCRTwhichareusedtomeasuredistanceiscalleda:
在脉冲反射式超声探伤仪示波管上产生测量距离用的可见信号的单元叫做:
A. sweepcircuit.
扫描电路
B. Markercircuit.
标距电路
C. Receivercircuit.
接收电路
D.Synchronizer.
同步电路
27.Inanultrasonicinstrument,thenumberofpulseproducedbyaninstrumentinagivenperiodoftimeisknownasthe:
超声探伤仪在单位时间内产生的脉冲数目叫做:
A. pulselengthoftheinstrument.
脉冲长度
B. Pulserecoverytime.
脉冲恢复时间
C. Frequency.
频率
D. Pulserepetitionrate.
脉冲重复频率
28.Whichofthefollowingmodesofvibrationarequicklydampedoutwhentestingbythei