珠珠丽莉MBA英语阅读理解真题黑体词汇复习01061.docx

珠珠丽莉MBA英语阅读理解真题黑体词汇复习01061.docx

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珠珠丽莉MBA英语阅读理解真题黑体词汇复习01061

珠珠、丽莉MBA英语阅读理解真题黑体词汇复习二

2006年阅读理解

Directions:

Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageosfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmardedA,B,C,andD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithapencil.

Passage1

Officejobsareamongthepositionshardesthitbycompumation（计算机自动化）.Wordprocessorsandtypistswillloseabout93,000jobsoverthenextfewyears,while57,000secretarialjobswillvanish.BlamethePC:

Today,manyexecutivestypetheirownmemosandcarrytheir：

“secretaries”inthepalmsoftheirhands.Timeisalsohardforstockclerks,whoseranksareexpectedtodecreaseby68,000.Andemployeesinmanufacturingfirmsandwholesalersarebeingreplacedwithcomputerizedsystems.

Butnoteveryonewholosesajobwillendupintheunemploymentline.Manywillshifttogrowingpositionswithintheirowncompanies.Whennewtechnologiesshookupthetelecommbusiness,telephoneoperatorJudyDoughertypursuedretraining.Sheisnowacommunicationstechnician,earningabout$64,000peryear.Ofcourse,ifyou'vebeenatollboothcollectorforthepast30years,andyoufindyourselfreplacedbyanE-ZPassmachine,itmaybeoflittleconsolation（安慰）toknowthatthetelecommfieldisbooming.

Andthat'sjustit:

Theserviceeconomyisfading;welcometotheexpertise（专门知识）economy.Tosucceedinthenewjobmarket,youmustbeabletohandlecomplexproblems.Indeed,allbutoneofthe50highest-payingoccupations—air-trafficcontroller—demandatleastabachelor’sdegree.

Forthosewithjustahighschooldiploma（毕业证书）,It'sgoingtogettoughertofindawell-payingjob.Sincefewerfactoryandclericaljobswillbeavailable,what'sleftwillbethejobsthatcompumationcan’tkill:

Computerscan’tcleanoffices,orcareforAlzheimer'spatients（老年痴呆病人）.But,sincemostpeoplehavetheskillstofillthosepositions,thewagesstaypainfullylow,meaningcompumationcoulddriveanevendeeperwedge（楔子）betweentherichandpoor.Thebestadvicenow:

Neverstoplearning,andkeepupwithnewtechnology.

Forbusyadults,ofcourse,thatcanbetough.Thegoodnewsisthattheverytechnologythat'sreducingsomanyjobsisalsomakingiteasiertogobacktoschoolwithouthavingtositinaclassroom.So-calledInternetdistancelearningishot,withmorethanthreemillionstudentscurrentlyenrolled,andit’sgainingcredibilitywithemployers.

Areyouatriskoflosingyourjobtoacomputer?

CheckthefederalBureauofLaborStatistics'OccupationalOutlookHandbook,whichisavailableonlineatbls.gov.

Passage2

Tensofthousandsof18-year-oldswillgraduatethisyearandbehandedmeaninglessdiplomas.Thesediplomaswon'tlookanydifferentfromthoseawardedtheirluckierclassmates.Theirvaliditywillbequestionedonlywhentheiremployersdiscoverthatthesegraduatesaresemiliterate（半文盲）

Eventuallyafortunatefewwillfindtheirwayintoeducational-repairshops—adult-literacyprograms,suchastheonewhereIteachbasicgrammarandwriting.There,high-schoolgraduatesandhigh-schooldropoutspursuinggraduate-equivalencycertificateswilllearntheskillstheyshouldhavelearnedinschool.Theywillalsodiscovertheyhavebeencheatedbyoureducationalsystem.

Iwillneverforgetateacherwhogottheattentionofoneofmychildrenbyrevealingthetrumpcardoffailure.Ouryoungest,aworld-classcharmer,didlittletodevelophisintellectualtalentsbutalwaysgotby.UntilMrs.Stifter.

Oursonwashigh-schoolseniorwhenhehadherforEnglish.“Hesitsinthebackoftheroomtalkingtohisfriends.”shetoldme,“Whydon'tyoumovehimtothefrontrow?

”Iurged,believingtheembarrassmentwouldgethimtosettledown.Mrs.Stiftersaid,"Idon'tmoveseniors.Iflunk（使┅不及格）them."Ourson'sacademiclifeflashedbeforemyeyes.Noteacherhadeverthreatenedhim.BythetimeIgothomeIwasfeelingprettygoodaboutthis.Itwasaradicalapproachforthesetimes,but,well,Whynot?

“She'sgoingtoflunkyou.”Itoldmyson.

Ididnotdiscussitanyfurther.SuddenlyEnglishbecameapriority（头等重要）inhislife.HefinishedoutthesemesterwithanA.

Iknowoneexampledoesn'tmakeacase,butatnightIseeaparadeofstudentswhoareangryforhavingbeenpassedalonguntiltheycouldnolongerevenpretendtokeepup.Ofaverageintelligenceorbetter,theyeventuallyquitschool,concludingtheyweretoodumbtofinish.”Ishouldhavebeenheldback,”isacommentIhearfrequently.Evensadderarethosestudentswhoarehigh-schoolgraduateswhosaytomeafterafewweeksofclass.”Idon’tknowhowIevergotahigh-schooldiploma.”

Passingstudentswhohavenotmasteredtheworkcheatsthemandtheemployerswhoexpectgraduatestohavebasicskills.Weexcusethisdishonestbehaviorbysayingkidscan'tlearniftheycomefromterribleenvironments.Nooneseemstostoptothinkthatmostkidsdon'tputschoolfirstontheirlistunlesstheyperceivesomethingisatrisk.They'dratherbesailing.

ManystudentsIseeatnighthavedecidedtomakeeducationapriority.Theyaremotivatedbythedesireforabetterjobortheneedtohangontotheonethey'vegot.Theyhaveahealthyfearoffailure.

Peopleofallagescanriseabovetheirproblems,buttheyneedtohaveareasontodoso.Youngpeoplegenerallydon'thavethematuritytovalueeducationinthesamewaymyadultstudentsvalueit.Butfearoffailurecanmotivateboth.

Passage3

Nameshavegainedincreasingimportanceinthecompetitiveworldofhighereducation.Ascollegesstriveformarketshare,theyarelookingfornamesthatprojecttheimagetheywantorreflectthechangestheyhopetomake.TrentonStateCollege,forexample,becametheCollegeofNewJerseynineyearsagowhenitbeganraisingadmissionsstandardsandappealingtostudentsfromthroughoutthestate.

“AllIhearinhighereducationis,‘Brand,brand,brand,’”saidTimWesterbeck,whospecializesinbrandingandismanagingdirectorofLipmanHearne,abmarketingfirmbasedinChicagothatworkswithuniversitiesandothernonprofitorganizations.“Therehasbeenaseachangeoverthelast10years.Marketingusedtobealmostadirtywordinhighereducation.”

Notalleffortsatnamechangesaresuccessful,ofcourse.In1997,theNewSchoolforSocialResearchbecameNewSchoolUniversitytoreflectitsgrowthintoacollectionofeightcolleges,offeringalistofmajorsthatincludespsychology,music,urbanstudiesandmanagement.ButNewYorkerscontinuedtocallittheNewSchool.

Now,afterspendinganundisclosedsumonanonlinesurveyandamarketingconsultant’screationof“namingstructures.”“brandarchitecture”and“identitysystems,”theuniversityhascomeupwithanewname:

theNewSchool.BeginningMonday,itwilladoptnewlogos（标识），banners,businesscardsandevennewnamesfortheindividualcolleges,alltoincludethewords“theNewSchool.”

Changesinnamesgenerallyrevealsignificantshiftsinhowacollegewantstobeperceived.InalteringitsnamefromCalState,Hayward,toCalState,EastBay,theuniversityhopedtoprojectitsexpandingroleintwomostlysuburbancountrieseastofSanFrancisco.

TheUniversityofSouthernColorado,astateinstitution,becameColoradoStateUniversityatPueblotwoyearsago,hopingtohighlightmanyinternalchanges,includingofferingmoregraduateprogramsandsettinghigheradmissionsstandards.

BeaverCollegeturneditselfintoArcadiaUniversityin2001forseveralreasons:

tobreaktheconnectionwithitspastasawomen’scollege,topromoteitsgrowthintoafull-fledged（完全成熟的）universityandofficialsacknowledged,toeliminatesomejokesaboutthecollege’soldnameonlate-nighttelevisionand“morningzoo”radioshows.

Manycollegeofficialssaidchanginganameandimagecouldproducesubstantialresults.AtArcadia,inadditiontotheriseinapplications,theaveragestudent'stestscorehasincreasedby60points,JuliRoebeck,anArcadiaspokeswoman,said.

Passage4

Itlookedjustlikeanotheraircraftfromtheoutside.Thepilottoldhisyoungpassengersthatitwasbuiltin1964.Butappearancesweredeceptive,andthe13studentsfromEuropeandtheUSAwhoboardedtheaircraftwereinfortheflightoftheirlives.

Inside,theareathatnormallyhadseatshadbecomealongwhitetunnel.Heavilypadded（填塞）fromfloortoceiling,itlookedabitstrange.Therewerealmostnowindows,butlightsalongthepaddedwallsilluminatedit.Mostoftheseatshadbeentakenoutapartfromafewatthebackwheretheyoungscientistsquicklytooktheirplaceswithalookoffear.

For12months,sciencestudentsfromacrossthecontinentshadcompetedtowinaplaceontheflightattheinvitationoftheEuropeanSpaceAgency.Thechallengehadbeentosuggestimaginativeexperimentstobeconductedinweightlessconditions.

Forthenexttwohours,theflightresembledthatofanenormousbirdwhichhadlostitsreason,shootingupwardstowardstheheavensbeforerushingtowardsEarth.Theinventionwastoachieveweightlessnessforafewseconds.

Theaircrafttookoffsmoothlyenough,butanyfeelingsthatIandtheyoungscientistshadthatwewereonanythinglikeascheduledpassengerservicewerequicklydismissedwhenthepilotputtheplaneintoa45degreeclimbwhichlastedaround20seconds.Thentheenginescutoutandwebecameweightless.Everythingbecameconfusedandleftorright,upordownnolongerhadanymeaning.Aftertensecondsoffree-falldescent（下降）thepilotpulledtheaircraftoutofitsnosedive.Thereturnofgravitywaslessimmediatethanitsloss,butwasst