中考重点词汇辨析.docx
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中考重点词汇辨析
中考英语重点单词用法
take
takeaholiday/vacation休假、度假 takeaninterestin对……感兴趣
takearide兜风 takeashower淋浴、洗澡
takeawalk散步 takeafter（在外貌、性格等方面）与（父母等）相像
takeaway拿走 takecareof照看、照顾
takeiteasy从容、轻松、不紧张 takenotes做笔记、做记录
takeoff脱掉、起飞 takeout取出takepartin参加…… takeplace发生 takepridein对……感到自豪
put
putaway放好、收起来 putdown放下、记下
putoff推迟、拖延 puton穿上、演出
putout熄灭 putup展示、张贴、搭起
【考题回放】
1.Wehaveto_____oursportsmeetingtillnextweekbecauseoftheheavyrain.（06辽宁锦州）
A.putoff B.puton C.putup D.putdown
2.—Jimmy,yourbooksareeverywhereonyourdesk.
—Oh,sorry.I’ll_____rightnow.（06江苏南通）
A.putthemaway B.putthemup C.putthemon D.putthemdown
3.Therewasafireinthestreetlastnight,butthefiremen______withintwentyminutes.（06广东广州）
A.tookitout B.broughtitout C.workeditout D.putitout
4.It’scoldoutside.You’dbetter_____yourwarmclothes,Lucy.（06山东济南） A.puton B.putaway C.putup D.putoff have
【主要用法】
1. 用作助动词,构成完成时态,无实义。
如:
What have you been doing since then?
2. 用作及物动词,表示“有”,常可与have got替换。
如:
I have （got） an English dictionary.
3. 与名词（多与动词同形）连用,表示一种活动或动作。
如:
have a talk / look / drink / rest / quarrel
4. 用作及物动词,表示“吃、喝、抽（烟）”。
如:
have breakfast / some coffee / a cigarette
5. 用作及物动词,表示“使、让”。
①跟不带to的不定式作宾补,表示“让某人做某事”。
如:
She had the little girl live with her.
②跟过去分词作宾补,表示“某事由别人做”。
如:
She had her eyes tested yesterday.
③有时也跟现在分词、副词、介词短语作宾补。
如:
I can’t have that kind of thing happening.
Will you have him in?
Can I have the children to our house?
【短语搭配】
have fun / a good time / a great time 玩得开心
have to 不得不、必须
have a cold 患感冒 have a go 试一试
【考题回放】
1. —Tina had nothing for breakfast, _____ she?
—_____. She had some bread and milk.（06江苏扬州）
A. had; Yes B. had; No C. did; Yes D. did; No
2. —Have you finished reading Harry Potter V?
—_____. I still have some pages. （05福建厦门）
A. Yes, I do B. No, I don’t C. Yes, I haveD.No, I haven’tgo
【主要用法】
1. 用作不及物动词,表示“去、离开”。
如:
We must go for lunch now.
2. 用作不及物动词,表示“进行、进展”。
如:
Everything goes well.
3. 用作系动词,表示“变得（常常指由好变坏）”。
如:
Fish soon goes bad in hot weather.
4. 用于have gone to结构,表示“去了某地”。
如:
Mr. Wilson isn’t here. He has gone to Wuhan.
5. 用于be going to结构,表示“打算、将要”。
如:
He is going to buy her some shoes.
【短语搭配】
go ahead 往前走、做吧、干吧 go by （指时间）过去、消逝
go to sleep 入睡go for a walk / walks 去散步
go home 回家go off 离开、（闹钟）响起
go on 继续 go over复习、过一遍
go skating / shopping 去滑冰 / 购物
go to a movie 去看电影 go to bed 上床睡觉
go to school / work 去上学 / 上班
【考题回放】
—Where can I find Jack?
—He _____ the post office.（06湖北武汉）
A. has been to B. had been to C. has gone to D. had gone tocome
【短语搭配】
come across （无意中）碰到、遇到
come along 跟着来、快点 come back 回来
come down 下来、下降、跌价 come from 来自
come on 赶快、加油 come in 进来 come out 出来、出版、开花、发芽 come over 顺便来访
come true 实现、达到 come up 走过来、走近 come up with 提出
【考题回放】
—Hi, Sam. We’re going for a walk. Would you like to _____?
—Great!
Let’s go.（06江西） A. come along B. come on C. come out D. come upgive
【短语搭配】
give away 赠送、分发 give back 还给
give in 让步、投降 give off 散发出
give out 分发、发放 give up 放弃
【考题回放】
He has failed several times, but he won’t _____. （06河北）
A. go on B. come on C. get up D. give upmake
【短语搭配】
make a decision 做决定、下决心
make a face 做鬼脸 make a living 谋生
make friends with 与……交友
make fun of 取笑 make... into 把……做成
make mistakes 犯错 make room 让地方、让位置
make noise 发出令人不愉快的声音
make one’s （the） bed 整理床铺
make sure 务必、确保 make up 组成、构成
make up one’s mind 决定 make use of 利用
【考题回放】
（ ）Nine players _____ the team.
A. make into B. make sureC. make up D. make a livingway【短语搭配】
by the way 顺便说（问）一下 in many ways 在很多方面
in this / that way 这样 / 那样in the （one’s） way 碍事、妨碍
on the （one’s） way to 在……路上
【考题回放】
（ ）—Where is my father, Mum?
—He is _____ to his office.
A. by the way B. on the way C. in this way D. in the waycall
【短语搭配】
call back 回电话 call for 要求、需要call in 找来、请来 call off 取消 call on 拜访 call up 给……打电话
【考题回放】
（ ）—Don’t forget to give me a ring when you get there.
—OK. I’ll _____ as soon as I arrive.
A. call back B. call up C. call on D. call inget
【短语搭配】
get along 进展、相处 get away （from） 离开、逃走
get back 回来、收回 get in the way 妨碍
get over 克服、恢复、原谅 get to 到达
get into 进入、陷入 get married 结婚
get off 下车、离开 get together 聚首、欢聚
get on 上车、进展、相处 get out 出去、离开
get up 起床、站起身 get used to 习惯于
get in touch with 和……取得联系
【考题回放】
（ ）—May I _____ my MP4?
—Sure.
A. get off B. get back C. get on D. get tokeep【短语搭配】
keep away （from） 避开、不接近 keep back 扣留
keep down 控制 keep in mind 记住
keep off 避开、不接触 keep one’s word 遵守诺言
keep on （doing sth） 继续（做某事）
keep out 不让……进入 keep up 保持
keep up with 跟上、不落在……后面
【考题回放】
（ ） —The windows are broken and need repairing.
—I think so. They can hardly _____ the cold now.
A. keep out B. give out C. take out D. put outlook 【短语搭配】
look after 照顾 look at 看 look for 寻找
look down on （upon） 看不起、轻视
look forward to 盼望 look into 调查、研究
look out 当心、注意 look over 查看、检查
look through 浏览
look up （在词典或参考书中）查阅（词或资料）
【考题回放】
（ ）The doctor _____ the crying baby, but he couldn’t find out what was wrong with it.
A. looked over B. looked afterC. looked for D. looked outfall 【短语搭配】
fall asleep 入睡 fall behind 落后
fall down 跌倒、垮下来 fall in love with 爱上
fall into 落入、陷入 fall to pieces 崩溃、解体
fall into the habit of 养成……习惯
【考题回放】
（ ）Alone in London, without friends, work, or money, Shelly ____ great difficulty.
A. put into B. fell into C. turned into D. broke intorun
【短语搭配】
run after 追逐、追求 run away 逃跑、跑掉
run into 遇到、撞上 run off 跑掉、迅速离开
run out of 用完、用尽
【考题回放】
（ ）We ____ coal and had to burn wood.
A. ran out of B. ran away
C. ran off D. ran into
set
【短语搭配】
a set of 一套 set an example 树立榜样
set fire to 对……放火 set off 动身、激起、引起
set up 建立、创立、开办
【考题回放】
（ ）The Chinese Communist Party was ____ in 1921.
A. put up B. taken up C. made up D. set up
break
【短语搭配】
break down 损坏、坏掉
break into 破门而入、非法进入
break off 突然终止、中断
break out （战争、火灾等）爆发、突然发生
【考题回放】
（ ）He ____ in the middle of his story and hurried home.
A. broke down B. broke into
C. broke off D. broke out
time
【短语搭配】
ahead of time 提前 all the time 一直、始终
at a time 每次、一次 at all times 在任何时候、经常
at one time 一度、曾经 at the same time 同时、一起
by the time 到……时候 at the time 那时候
at times有时、间或 behind the times 过时、陈旧
from time to time 不时、有时
have a good / great time 玩得愉快
in time 及时 once upon a time 从前、以前
on time 准时 take one’s time 慢慢来、不着急
time and time again 一再
【考题回放】
（ ）—Did your father work in a factory ____?
—Yes, but now he works in a bank.
A. at a time B. at one time
C. at the same time D. at all times
carry
【短语搭配】
carry off 叼走、夺走、赢得 carry on 进行、继续下去
carry out 实施、执行
【考题回放】
（ ）—When did they begin to ____ their plan?
—Last month.
A. carry out B. put out
C. turn out D. look out
catch
【短语搭配】
catch fire 着火 catch hold of 抓住、抓牢
catch sight of 望见 catch up with 赶上、追上
be caught in 遇上、突然遭受
【考题回放】
（ ）3. He studied so hard that he _____ all his classmates in the end.
A. put up with B. caught up with
C. came up with D. ended up with
point
【短语搭配】
pointout指出 pointat指着
pointto指向、说明很可能会（有）
【考题回放】
（ ）2.Mr.Wang_____thedangerofdoingso.
A.cameout B.pointedout
C.workedout D.gaveout
unless
unless conj. 除非;若非;如果不。
它是个从属连词,引导条件状语从句。
由于unless具有否定意义,因此它引导的是个否定的条件。
在中学阶段可以把它看作是if ... not的同义表达。
值得注意的是,unless从句如同if从句一样也常用一般现在时态表将来。
如:
Unless he works hard, he will not pass the final exams.
=If he doesn’t work hard, he will not pass the final exams.
要是他不努力的话,期末考试将会不及格。
I’ll not go to her birthday party unless she invites me in person.
=I’ll not go to her birthday party if she doesn’t invite me in person.
我不会去参加她的生日晚会,除非她亲自邀请我。
decide
decide v. 作出决定;下决心（做某事）。
后面多跟动词不定式作宾语。
如:
She decided not to go alone. 她决定不单独去。
decide的名词形式是decision,固定搭配make a decision意为“作出决定”。
如:
She could not make a decision about the dress.
她对（买不买）这件连衣裙下不了决心。
good
good是英语中一个比较活跃的单词,既可作形容词,也可作名词。
1. 作形容词时,在句中既可作定语,也可作表语。
（1） good意为“好的,美好的”。
如:
We’ve seen this good film.
我们已看过这部好电影了。
The news is too good to be true.
这条消息好得难以让人相信。
（2） good意为“善良的,和蔼的”,相当于kind。
如:
Mrs. Wang is a good wife.
王太太是一个贤慧的妻子。
（3） good意为“新鲜的”,相当于fresh。
如:
This meat doesn’t smell quite good.
这肉味不太新鲜了。
（4） good意为“有益的,有帮助的”,常见短语be good for ...,意为“对……有益,有利于……”;其反义词组是be bad for ... ,意为“对……有害,有害于……”。
如:
Milk is good for children. 牛奶对小孩有益。
2. 作名词,意为“利益,好处”,常见短语do sb. good,意为“对某人有好处”。
如:
Eat more fruit. It will do you good. 多吃水果,这对你有好处。
3. 与good有关的其他常见短语:
（1） be good at ...意为“擅长于……,在……（方面）做得好”,后接名词、代词或v-ing形式作宾语。
其同义词组为do well in。
如:
Are you good at English?
你英语学得好吗?
They are good at playing football.
他们擅长踢足球。
（2） be good to ... 意为“对……友善”,一般接表示人的代词或名词,其中good可用friendly代替。
如:
All the parents are good to their children.
天下所有的父母对自己的子女都很好。
（3） have a good / great time表示“玩得高兴,过得愉快”。
其同义词组为enjoy oneself。
如:
They had a good time in the park.
他们在公园里玩得很高兴。
[相关链接] good与well的区别
在指质量和技艺等方面好时,good是形容词,而well是副词;well用作形容词时,专指身体健康,作表语,意为“（身体）好”。
如:
升级会员 