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最新专八答案
QUESTIONBOOKLET
TESTFORENGLISHMAJORS(2012)
—GRADEEIGHT—
TIMELIMIT:
195MIN
PARTⅠLISTENINGCOMPREHENSION(35min)
SECTIONAMINI-LECTURE
Inthissectionyouwillhearamini-lecture.YouwillhearthelectureONCEONLY.Whilelistening,takenotesontheimportantpoints.Yournoteswillnotbemarked,butyouwillneedthemtocompleteagap-fillingtaskafterthemini-lecture.Whenthelectureisover,youwillbegiventwominutestocheckyournotes,andanothertenminutestocompletethegap-fillingtaskonANSWERSHEETONE,usingnomorethanthreewordsineachgap.Makesuretheword(s)youfillinis(are)bothgrammaticallyandsemanticallyacceptable.Youmayrefertoyournoteswhilecompletingthetask.Usetheblanksheetfornote-taking.
Nowlistentothemini-lecture.
ObservingBehaviour
Peopledoobservationindailylifecontextforsafetyorforproperbehaviour.However,therearedifferencesindaily-lifeobservationandresearchobservation.
A.Differences
----dailylifeobservation
-casual
-
(1)________
-dependenceonmemory
(1)____________
----researchobservation
-
(2)_________
(2)____________
-carefulrecordkeeping
B.Waystoselectsamplesinresearch
----timesampling
-systematic:
e.g.fixedintervalseveryhour
-random:
fixedintervalsbut(3)_______(3)____________
Systematicsamplingandrandomsamplingareoftenusedincombination.
----(4)_______(4)____________
-definition:
selectionofdifferentlocations
-reason:
humans’oranimals’behaviour(5)______across(5)____________
circumstances
-(6)______:
moreobjectiveobservations(6)____________
C.Waystorecordbehaviour(7)_______(7)____________
----observationwithintervention
-participantobservation:
researcherasobserverandparticipant
-fieldexperiment:
research(8)______overconditions(8)____________
----observationwithoutintervention
-purpose:
describingbehaviour(9)______(9)____________
-(10)______:
nointervention
-researcher:
apassiverecorder(10)____________
SECTIONBINTERVIEW
InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.MarkthecorrectanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.
Questions1to5arebasedonaninterview.Attheendoftheinterviewyouwillbegiven10secondstoanswereachofthefollowingfivequestions.
Nowlistentotheinterview.
1.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutcreativityisINCORRECT?
A.Creativitystemsfromhumanbeings'novelthinking.
B.Thedurationofthecreativeprocessvariesfrompersontoperson.
C.Creativepeoplefocusonnovelthinkingratherthanonsolutions.
D.Theoutcomeofhumancreativitycomesinvariedforms.
2.TheintervieweecitestheBachfamilytoshowthatcreativity
A.seemstobeattributabletogeneticmakeup.
B.appearstobetheresultoftheenvironment.
C.appearstobemoreassociatedwithgreatpeople.
D.comesfrombothenvironmentandgeneticmakeup.
3.Howmanytypesofthecreativeprocessdoestheintervieweedescribe?
A.One.
B.Two.
C.Three.
D.Four.
4.WhichofthefollowingfeaturesofacreativepersonalityisNOTmentionedintheinterview?
A.Unconventional.
B.Critical.
C.Resolute.
D.Original.
5.Theinterviewee'ssuggestionforacreativityworkoutsupportstheviewthat
A.brainexercisingwillnotmakepeoplecreative.
B.mostpeoplehavediversifiedinterestsandhobbies.
C.creativitycanonlybefoundingreatpeople.
D.theenvironmentissignificantinthecreativeprocess.
SECTIONCNEWSBROADCAST
InthissectionyouwillheareverythingONCEONLY.Listencarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsthatfollow.MarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.
Question6isbasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven10secondstoanswerthequestion.
Nowlistentothenews.
6.Whatisthenewsitemmainlyabout?
A.Aprobleminthecoolingsystemwassolved.
B.A350-kilogramammoniapumpwasremoved.
C.U.S.astronautsmadethreespacewalks.
D.Aninternationalspacestationwassetup.
Questions7and8arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.
Nowlistentothenews.
7.Inwhichcountrywouldparentsoftenthreatentopunishchildrenbyleavingthemoutside?
A.India.
B.Egypt.
C.ThePhilippines.
D.Notmentioned.
8.Whatisthemainpurposeofthestudy?
A.Torevealculturaldifferencesandsimilarities.
B..Toinvestigatewaysofphysicalpunishment.
C.Toanalyzechildbehaviouracrosscountries.
D.Toexposecasesofchildabuseandpunishment
Questions9and10arebasedonthefollowingnews.Attheendofthenewsitem,youwillbegiven20secondstoanswerthequestions.Nowlistentothenews.
9.Accordingtothenewsitem,Japan'seconomicgrowthinthesecondquarterwas____
lessthanthefirstquarter.
A.4percent
B.3percent
C.0.6percent
D.3.4percent
10.HowmanyreasonsdoesthenewsitemciteforJapan'ssloweconomicgrowth?
A.2.
B.3.
C.4.
D.5.
PARTⅡREADINGCOMPREHENSION(30MIN)
Inthissectiontherearefourreadingpassagesfollowedbyatotalof20multiple-choicequestions.ReadthepassagesandthenmarkthebestanswertoeachquestiononANSWERSHEETTWO.
TEXTA
Iusedtolookatmyclosetandseeclothes.Thesedays,wheneverIcastmyeyesuponthestacksofshoesandhangersofshirts,sweatersandjackets,Iseewater.
Ittakes569gallonstomanufactureaT-shirt,fromitsstartinthecottonfieldstoitsappearanceonstoreshelves.Apairofrunningshoes?
1,247gallons.
Untillastfall,I'dbeenoblivioustomy"waterfootprint",whichisdefinedasthetotalvolumeoffreshwaterthatisusedtoproducegoodsandservices,accordingtotheWaterFootprintNetwork.TheDutchnonprofithasbeenworkingtoraiseawarenessoffreshwaterscarcitysince2008,butitwasthroughthe"GreenBlueBook"byThomasM.KostigenthatIwasabletoseehowmyownactionsfactoredin.
I'veinstalledgray-watersystemstoreusethewastewaterfrommylaundrymachineandbathtubandrerouteittomylandscape-systemsthatsave,onaverage,50gallonsofwaterperday.I'vesetuprainbarrelsandinfiltrationpitstocollectthousandsofgallonsofstormwatercascadingfrommyroof.I'veevenenteredthelastbastionofgreendom-installingacompostingtoilet.
Sufficetosay,I'vebeenfeelingprettysatisfiedwithmyselfforallthedrinkingwaterI'vesavedwiththesebig-ticketprojects.
NowIrealizethatmydailyconsumptionchoicescouldhaveanevenlargereffect–notonlyonthelocalwatersupplybutalsoglobally:
1.1billionpeoplehavenoaccesstofreshwater,and,inthefuture,thosewhodohaveaccesswillhavelessofit.
Toseehowmuchvirtualwater1wasusing,Iloggedontothe"GreenBlueBook"websiteanduseditswaterfootprintcalculator,enteringmydailyconsumptionhabits.Tallyingupthewaterfootprintofmybreakfast,lunch,dinnerandsnacks,aswellasmydailydoseofover-the-counteruppersanddowners-coffee,wineandbeer-I'musing512gallonsofvirtualwatereachdayjusttofeedmyself.
Inaword:
alarming.
EvenmorealarmingwashowmuchhiddenwaterIwasusingtogetdressed.I'mhardlyaclotheshorse,butthefewnewitemsIbuyonceagaintrumpedtheamountofwaterflowingfrommyfaucetseachday.IfI'mseriousaboutsavingwater,IrealizedIcouldmakesomesimplelifestyleshifts.Lookingmorecloselyattheareasinmylifethatusethemostvirtualwater,itwasfoodandclothes,specificallymeat,coffeeand,oddly,bluejeansandleatherjackets.
Beingamotorcyclist,Iownanunusuallylargeamountofleather-bootsandjacketsinparticular.Allofitisenormouslywaterintensive.Ittakes7,996gallonstomakealeatherjacket,leatherbeingabyproductofbeef.Ittakes2,866gallonsofwatertomakeasinglepairofbluejeans,becausethey'remadefromwater-hoggingcotton.
CrunchingthenumbersfortheamountofclothesIbuyeveryyear,itlooksalotlikemyfriend'sswimmingpool.MyentireclosetisborderlineOlympic.
Gulp.
Mylateresolutionistobuysomeitemsused.Underwearandsocksare,ofcourse,exemptfromthisstrategy,but1havenoproblemshoppinglessandalsoshoppingatGoodwill.Infact,I'dbeendoingthatforthepastyeartosavemoney.Myclothes'outrageouswaterfootprintjustreintbrceditforme.
Moreconsciouslivingandsubstitution,ratherthansacrifice,aretheprevailingideaswiththewaterfootprint.It'soneI'mtrying,andthat'shadanunusualupside.Ihadahamburgerrecently,andIenjoyeditalotmoresinceitisnowanoccasionaltreatratherthanaweeklyhabit.
(Onegallon=3.8litres)
11.Accordingtothepassage,theWaterFootprintNetwork
A.workedforfreshwaterconservationfornonprofitpurposes.
B.collaboratedwiththeGreenBlueBookinfreshwaterconservation.
C.madetheauthorawareoffreshwatershortage.
D.helpedtheauthorgettoknowtheGreenBlueBook
12.Whichofthefollowingreasonscanbestexplaintheauthor'sfeelingofself-satisfaction?
A.Hishousewasequippedwithadvancedwater-savingfacilities.
B.Moneyspentonupgradinghishouseholdfacilitieswasworthwhile.
C.Hemadecontributiontodrinkingwaterconservationinhisownway.
D.Hecouldhavemadeevengreatercontributionbychanginghislifestyle.
13.Accordingtothecontext,"...howmyownactionsfactoredin"means
A.howIcouldcontributetowaterconservation.
B.howmuchofwhatIdidcontributedtofreshwatershortage.
C.whatbehaviourcouldbecountedasfreshwater-saving.
D.whateffortsIshouldmaketosavefreshwater.
14.Accordingtothepassage,theauthorwa