浙江省高考英语笔试部分试题解析.docx

浙江省高考英语笔试部分试题解析.docx

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浙江省高考英语笔试部分试题解析

2020年7月11日浙江卷笔试部分试题分析

第二部分阅读理解

篇目

主题语境

语篇类型

字数

A

人与社会：

介绍了作者写的一本有关戏剧的书。

说明文

276

B

人与社会：

介绍了贝尔维尤市采用一种智能红绿灯。

说明文

301

C

人与自我：

介绍了一项关于大脑的研究。

说明文

312

七选五

人与自我：

记叙了作者在童年时期受父母鼓舞启发，培养了几项爱好的故事。

记叙文

267

第一节（共10题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。

A

Iamanactiveplaygoerandplay-reader,andperhapsmybestreasonforeditingthisbookisahopeofsharingmyenthusiasmforthetheaterwithothers.TodothisIhavesearchedthroughdozensofplaystofindtheonesthatIthinkbestshowthepowerandpurposeoftheshortplay.

Eachplayhasathemeorcentralideawhichtheplaywright（剧作家）hopestogetacrossthroughdialogueandaction.Afewcharactersareusedtocreateasingleimpressiongrowingoutofthetheme.Itisnotmyintentiontopointoutthecentralthemeofeachoftheplaysinthiscollection,forthatwould,indeed,ruinthepleasureofreading,discussing,andthinkingabouttheplaysandtheeffectivenessoftheplaywright.However,avarietyoftypesisrepresentedhere.Theseincludecomedy,satire,poignantdrama,historicalandregionaldrama.Toshowtheversatility（多面性）oftheshortplay,Ihaveincludedaguidanceplay,aradioplayandatelevisionplay.

Amongthewritersoftheplaysinthiscollection,PaulGreen,SusanGlaspell,MaxwellAnderson,ThorntonWilder,WilliamSaroyan,andTennesseeWilliamshaveallreceivedPulitzerPrizesfortheircontributionstothetheater.Moreinformationabouttheplaywrightswillbefoundattheendofthisbook.

Togetthemostoutofreadingthesedays,trytopicturetheplayonstage,withyou,thereader,intheaudience.Thehouselightsdim（变暗）.Thecurtainsareabouttoopen,andinafewminutestheactionanddialoguewilltellyouthestory.

21.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthorfromthefirstparagraph?

A.Hehaswrittendozensofplays.

B.Hehasadeeploveforthetheater.

C.Heisaprofessionalstageactor.

D.Helikesreadingshortplaystoothers.

22.Whatdoestheauthoravoiddoinginhiswork?

A.Statingtheplays’centralideas.

B.Selectingworksbyfamousplaywrights.

C.Includingvarioustypesofplays.

D.Offeringinformationontheplaywrights.

23.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdowhilereadingtheplays?

A.Controltheirfeelings.

B.Applytheiractingskills.

C.Usetheirimagination.

D.Keeptheiraudienceinmind.

24.Whatisthistext?

A.Ashortstory.

B.Anintroductiontoabook.

C.Aplayreview.

D.Anadvertisementforatheater.

【答案解析】

21.B细节理解题，根据原文第一段第一句可知答案。

22.A细节理解题，根据原文第二段中的“Itisnotmyintentiontopointout…theeffectivenessoftheplaywright.”可知，作者认为指出每一部戏剧的中心主题会破坏阅读、讨论和思考戏剧的乐趣及剧作家想达到的效果，这也并不是作者的意图。

故作者会避免陈述戏剧的中心思想。

23.C细节理解题，根据原文第四段第一句话可知，作者建议读者去想象一下戏剧呈现在舞台上的情景，将自己想象成观众。

24.B推理判断题，通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了作者写的一本有关戏剧的书。

【语言知识】

长难句

Itisnotmyintentiontopointoutthecentralthemeofeachoftheplaysinthiscollection,forthatwould,indeed,ruinthepleasureofreading,discussing,andthinkingabouttheplaysandtheeffectivenessoftheplaywright.

译文：

我的意图不是要指出这个作品集里每部戏剧的中心主题，因为那样确实会破坏阅读、讨论和思考戏剧的乐趣以及剧作家想达到的效果。

分析：

“It”为形式主语，“topointout…inthiscollection”是真正的主语，“forthatwould…oftheplaywright”是原因状语从句，其中“that”指代真正的主语。

B

ThetrafficsignalsalongFactoriaBoulevardinBellevue,Washington,generallydon’tflashthesamelengthofgreentwiceinarow,especiallyatrushhour.At9:

30am,thefullred/yellow/greensignalcyclemightbe140seconds.By9:

33am,aburstofadditionaltrafficmightpushitto145seconds.Lesstrafficat9:

37amcouldpushitdownto135.Justlikethetrafficitself,thetimingofthesignalschanges.

Thatisbydesign.Bellevue,afast-growingcityjusteastofSeattle,usesasystemthatisgainingpopularityaroundtheUS:

intersection（十字路口）signalsthatcanadjustinrealtimetotrafficconditions.Theselights,knownasadaptivesignals,haveledtosignificantdeclinesinboththetroubleandcostoftravelsbetweenworkandhome.

“Adaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeingaddressed,”saysAlexStevanovic,aresearcheratFloridaAtlanticUniversity.

ForallofBellevue’ssuccess,adaptivesignalsarenotacure-allforjammedroadways.KevinBalke,aresearchengineerattheTexasA&MUniversityTransportationInstitute,saysthatwhilesmartlightscanbeparticularlybeneficialforsomecities,othersaresojammedthatonlyasharpreductioninthenumberofcarsontheroadwillmakeameaningfuldifference.“It’snotgoingtofixeverything,butadaptivesignalshavesomebenefitsforsmallercities,”hesays.

InBellevue,theswitchtoadaptivesignalshasbeenalessoninthevalueofwelcomingnewapproaches.Inthepast,therewasoftenanautomaticreactiontoincreasedtraffic:

justwidentheroads,saysMarkPoch,theBellevueTransportationDepartment’strafficengineeringmanager.Nowhehopesthatothercitieswillconsidermakingtheirstreetsrunsmarterinsteadofjustmakingthembigger.

25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“that”inparagraph2referto?

A.Increasedlengthofgreenlights.

B.Shortenedtrafficsignalcycle.

C.Flexibletimingoftrafficsignals.

D.Smoothtrafficflowontheroad.

26.WhatdoesKevinBalkesayaboutadaptivesignals?

A.Theyworkbetteronbroadroads.

B.Theyshouldbeusedinothercities.

C.Theyhavegreatlyreducedtrafficontheroad.

D.Theyarelesshelpfulincitiesseriouslyjammed.

27.WhatcanwelearnfromBellevue’ssuccess?

A.Itisrewardingtotrynewthings.

B.Theoldmethodsstillworktoday.

C.Itpaystoputtheoryintopractice.

D.Thesimplestwayisthebestway.

【答案解析】

25.C词义指代题，根据语境可知“that”指代第一段中所介绍的智能红绿灯的特点，即该红绿灯能够根据交通流量的大小来灵活调整亮灯时长。

26.D细节理解题，根据原文第四段中的“othersaresojammedthat…makeameaningfuldifference”可知，这种红绿灯对于一些非常拥挤的城市而言意义不大。

27.A推理判断题，根据原文最后一段内容可知，贝尔维尤市采用智能红绿灯对于其他城市采取的创新举措有启示意义。

由此可知，尝试新事物是有益处的。

【语言知识】

熟词生义

addressv.解决

语块

1.inarow连续

2.inrealtime实时

长难句

Adaptivesignalscanmakesurethatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeingaddressed.

【译文】智能信号灯能确保实时的交通需求得到解决。

【分析】“thatthetrafficdemandthatisthereisbeingaddressed”为“makesure”引导的宾语从句，宾语从句主干为“thetrafficdemandisbeingaddressed”，其中“thatisthere”为定语从句，修饰先行词“thetrafficdemand”。

C

Challengingworkthatrequireslotsofanalyticalthinking,planningandothermanagerialskillsmighthelpyourbrainstaysharpasyouage,astudypublishedWednesdayinthejournalNeurologysuggests.

ResearchersfromtheUniversityofLeipziginGermanygatheredmorethan1,000retiredworkerswhowereoverage75andassessedthevolunteers’memoryandthinkingskillsthroughabatteryoftests.Then,foreightyears,thescientistsaskedthesamegrouptocomebacktothelabevery18monthstotakethesamesortsoftests.

Thosewhohadheldmentallystimulating（刺激）,demandingjobsbeforeretirementtendedtodothebestonthetests.Andtheytendedtolosecognitive（认知）functionatamuchslowerratethanthosewiththeleastmentallychallengingjobs.Theresultsheldtrueevenafterthescientistsaccountedfortheparticipants’overallhealthstatus.

“Thisworksjustlikephysicalexercise,”saysFranciscaThen,wholedthestudy.“Afteralongrun,youmayfeellikeyou’reinpain,youmayfeeltired.Butitmakesyoufit.Afteralongdayatwork—sure,youwillfeeltired,butitcanhelpyourbrainstayhealthy.”

It’snotjustcorporatejobs,orevenpaidworkthatcanhelpkeepyourbrainfit,Thenpointsout.Awaiter’sjob,forexample,thatrequiresmultitasking,teamworkanddecision-makingcouldbejustasstimulatingasanyhigh-levelofficework.And“runningafamilyhouseholdrequireshigh-levelplanningandcoordinating（协调）,”shesays.“Youhavetoorganizetheactivitiesofthechildrenandtakecareofthebillsandgroceries.”

Ofcourse,ourbrainscandeclineaswegrowolderforlotsofreasons—includingotherenvironmentalinfluencesorgeneticfactors.Still,continuingtochallengeyourselfmentallyandkeepingyourmindbusycanonlyhelp.

28.Whydidthescientistsaskthevolunteerstotakethetests?

A.Toassesstheirhealthstatus.B.Toevaluatetheirworkhabits.

C.Toanalyzetheirpersonality.D.Tomeasuretheirmentalability.

29.HowdoesFranciscaThenexplainherfindingsinparagraph4?

A.Byusinganexpert’swords.B.Bymakingacomparison.

C.Byreferringtoanotherstudy.D.Byintroducingaconcept.

30.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.RetiredWorkersCanPickUpNewSkills

B.OldPeopleShouldTakeChallengingJobs

C.YourToughJobMightHelpKeepYouSharp

D.CognitiveFunctionMayDeclineAsYouAge

【答案解析】

28.D细节理解题，根据原文第二段第一句可知，研究人员通过一系列测试评估了志愿者的记忆力和思维能力。

29.B推理判断题，根据原文第四段中的“Thisworksjustlikephysicalexercise”及本段中对于工作和运动的解释可知，FranciseaThen把做具有挑战性的工作与身体锻炼作比较。

30.C主旨大意题，结合全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究，该研究表明具有挑战性的工作可能会帮助人们的大脑保持敏锐。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Iexperiencedyearsoflonelinessasachild.31Hisfriendsteasedhimaboutbabysittinghissisterandhisinterestswerefardifferentfrommine.Withnootherkidsofmyageintheneighborhood,Ihadtospendhoursbymyself.

Abrightspotformeturnedouttobereading.Myloveofthewrittenwordbeganearlyasmymotherreadtomeeveryevening.32Istartedreadingbooksonmyownbeforeage5andmymothertookmetothepubliclibraryonceaweektoborrowseveralbooks.Iquicklygraduatedfromtypicalchildren’sbookstooneswithfewerpicturesandlongerchapters.Readingopenednewworldstome.33

MymotheralsoencouragedmetomakewhatIwanted.Itriedmakingtoycarswithcardboardboxesandconstructingbuildingsfromleftovercardboardandbitsofwoodmyfathergaveme.Whenmymothersawmycreatio