浙江省高考英语笔试部分试题解析.docx

1、浙江省高考英语笔试部分试题解析 2020年7月11日浙江卷笔试部分试题分析第二部分 阅读理解篇目主题语境语篇类型字数A人与社会：介绍了作者写的一本有关戏剧的书。说明文276B人与社会：介绍了贝尔维尤市采用一种智能红绿灯。说明文301C人与自我：介绍了一项关于大脑的研究。说明文312七选五人与自我：记叙了作者在童年时期受父母鼓舞启发，培养了几项爱好的故事。记叙文267第一节（共10题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该选项涂黑。AI am an active playgoer and play-reader, and p

2、erhaps my best reason for editing this book is a hope of sharing my enthusiasm for the theater with others. To do this I have searched through dozens of plays to find the ones that I think best show the power and purpose of the short play.Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright（剧作

3、家）hopes to get across through dialogue and action. A few characters are used to create a single impression growing out of the theme. It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and th

4、inking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwright. However, a variety of types is represented here. These include comedy, satire, poignant drama, historical and regional drama. To show the versatility（多面性）of the short play, I have included a guidance play, a radio play and a television

5、play.Among the writers of the plays in this collection, Paul Green, Susan Glaspell, Maxwell Anderson, Thornton Wilder, William Saroyan, and Tennessee Williams have all received Pulitzer Prizes for their contributions to the theater. More information about the playwrights will be found at the end of

6、this book.To get the most out of reading these days, try to picture the play on stage, with you, the reader, in the audience. The houselights dim（变暗）. The curtains are about to open, and in a few minutes the action and dialogue will tell you the story.21. What do we know about the author from the fi

7、rst paragraph?A. He has written dozens of plays.B. He has a deep love for the theater.C. He is a professional stage actor.D. He likes reading short plays to others.22. What does the author avoid doing in his work?A. Stating the plays central ideas.B. Selecting works by famous playwrights.C. Includin

8、g various types of plays.D. Offering information on the playwrights.23. What does the author suggest readers do while reading the plays?A. Control their feelings.B. Apply their acting skills.C. Use their imagination.D. Keep their audience in mind.24. What is this text?A. A short story.B. An introduc

9、tion to a book.C. A play review.D. An advertisement for a theater.【答案解析】21. B 细节理解题，根据原文第一段第一句可知答案。22. A 细节理解题，根据原文第二段中的“It is not my intention to point outthe effectiveness of the playwright.”可知，作者认为指出每一部戏剧的中心主题会破坏阅读、讨论和思考戏剧的乐趣及剧作家想达到的效果，这也并不是作者的意图。故作者会避免陈述戏剧的中心思想。23. C 细节理解题，根据原文第四段第一句话可知，作者建议读者去想

10、象一下戏剧呈现在舞台上的情景，将自己想象成观众。24. B 推理判断题，通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了作者写的一本有关戏剧的书。【语言知识】长难句It is not my intention to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection, for that would, indeed, ruin the pleasure of reading, discussing, and thinking about the plays and the effectiveness of the playwrigh

11、t.译文：我的意图不是要指出这个作品集里每部戏剧的中心主题，因为那样确实会破坏阅读、讨论和思考戏剧的乐趣以及剧作家想达到的效果。分析：“It”为形式主语，“to point outin this collection”是真正的主语，“for that wouldof the playwright”是原因状语从句，其中“that”指代真正的主语。BThe traffic signals along Factoria Boulevard in Bellevue, Washington, generally dont flash the same length of green twice in a

12、 row, especially at rush hour. At 9:30 am, the full red/ yellow/ green signal cycle might be 140 seconds. By 9:33 am, a burst of additional traffic might push it to 145 seconds. Less traffic at 9:37 am could push it down to 135. Just like the traffic itself, the timing of the signals changes.That is

13、 by design. Bellevue, a fast-growing city just east of Seattle, uses a system that is gaining popularity around the US: intersection（十字路口）signals that can adjust in real time to traffic conditions. These lights, known as adaptive signals, have led to significant declines in both the trouble and cost

14、 of travels between work and home.“Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed,” says Alex Stevanovic, a researcher at Florida Atlantic University.For all of Bellevues success, adaptive signals are not a cure-all for jammed roadways. Kevin Balke, a researc

15、h engineer at the Texas A&M University Transportation Institute, says that while smart lights can be particularly beneficial for some cities, others are so jammed that only a sharp reduction in the number of cars on the road will make a meaningful difference. “Its not going to fix everything, but ad

16、aptive signals have some benefits for smaller cities,” he says.In Bellevue, the switch to adaptive signals has been a lesson in the value of welcoming new approaches. In the past, there was often an automatic reaction to increased traffic: just widen the roads, says Mark Poch, the Bellevue Transport

17、ation Departments traffic engineering manager. Now he hopes that other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead of just making them bigger.25. What does the underlined word “that” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Increased length of green lights.B. Shortened traffic signal cycle.C. Fl

18、exible timing of traffic signals.D. Smooth traffic flow on the road.26. What does Kevin Balke say about adaptive signals?A. They work better on broad roads.B. They should be used in other cities.C. They have greatly reduced traffic on the road.D. They are less helpful in cities seriously jammed.27.

19、What can we learn from Bellevues success?A. It is rewarding to try new things.B. The old methods still work today.C. It pays to put theory into practice.D. The simplest way is the best way.【答案解析】25. C 词义指代题，根据语境可知“that”指代第一段中所介绍的智能红绿灯的特点，即该红绿灯能够根据交通流量的大小来灵活调整亮灯时长。26. D 细节理解题，根据原文第四段中的“others are so

20、jammed thatmake a meaningful difference”可知，这种红绿灯对于一些非常拥挤的城市而言意义不大。27. A推理判断题，根据原文最后一段内容可知，贝尔维尤市采用智能红绿灯对于其他城市采取的创新举措有启示意义。由此可知，尝试新事物是有益处的。【语言知识】熟词生义address v. 解决 语块1. in a row 连续2. in real time 实时长难句Adaptive signals can make sure that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed.【译文】智能信号灯能确保实时

21、的交通需求得到解决。【分析】“that the traffic demand that is there is being addressed”为“make sure”引导的宾语从句，宾语从句主干为“the traffic demand is being addressed”，其中“that is there”为定语从句，修饰先行词“the traffic demand”。CChallenging work that requires lots of analytical thinking, planning and other managerial skills might help you

22、r brain stay sharp as you age, a study published Wednesday in the journal Neurology suggests.Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than 1,000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers memory and thinking skills through a battery of tests. Then, fo

23、r eight years, the scientists asked the same group to come back to the lab every 18 months to take the same sorts of tests.Those who had held mentally stimulating（刺激）, demanding jobs before retirement tended to do the best on the tests. And they tended to lose cognitive（认知）function at a much slower

24、rate than those with the least mentally challenging jobs. The results held true even after the scientists accounted for the participants overall health status.“This works just like physical exercise,” says Francisca Then, who led the study. “After a long run, you may feel like youre in pain, you may

25、 feel tired. But it makes you fit. After a long day at work sure, you will feel tired, but it can help your brain stay healthy.”Its not just corporate jobs, or even paid work that can help keep your brain fit, Then points out. A waiters job, for example, that requires multitasking, teamwork and deci

26、sion-making could be just as stimulating as any high-level office work. And “running a family household requires high-level planning and coordinating（协调）,” she says. “You have to organize the activities of the children and take care of the bills and groceries.”Of course, our brains can decline as we

27、 grow older for lots of reasons including other environmental influences or genetic factors. Still, continuing to challenge yourself mentally and keeping your mind busy can only help.28. Why did the scientists ask the volunteers to take the tests?A. To assess their health status. B. To evaluate thei

28、r work habits.C. To analyze their personality. D. To measure their mental ability.29. How does Francisca Then explain her findings in paragraph 4?A. By using an experts words. B. By making a comparison.C. By referring to another study. D. By introducing a concept.30. Which of the following is the be

29、st title for the text?A. Retired Workers Can Pick Up New SkillsB. Old People Should Take Challenging JobsC. Your Tough Job Might Help Keep You SharpD. Cognitive Function May Decline As You Age【答案解析】28. D 细节理解题，根据原文第二段第一句可知，研究人员通过一系列测试评估了志愿者的记忆力和思维能力。29. B 推理判断题，根据原文第四段中的“This works just like physica

30、l exercise”及本段中对于工作和运动的解释可知，Francisea Then把做具有挑战性的工作与身体锻炼作比较。30. C 主旨大意题，结合全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研究，该研究表明具有挑战性的工作可能会帮助人们的大脑保持敏锐。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。I experienced years of loneliness as a child. 31 His friends teased him about babysitting his sister and his interests

31、 were far different from mine. With no other kids of my age in the neighborhood, I had to spend hours by myself.A bright spot for me turned out to be reading. My love of the written word began early as my mother read to me every evening. 32 I started reading books on my own before age 5 and my mothe

32、r took me to the public library once a week to borrow several books. I quickly graduated from typical childrens books to ones with fewer pictures and longer chapters. Reading opened new worlds to me. 33 My mother also encouraged me to make what I wanted. I tried making toy cars with cardboard boxes and constructing buildings from leftover cardboard and bits of wood my father gave me. When my mother saw my creatio