职称英语阅读理解重点小册子1免费.docx

职称英语阅读理解重点小册子1免费.docx

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职称英语阅读理解重点小册子1免费

2012年职称英语配套资料

对应班型：

2012年凤凰教育职称英语7合1全程套餐班、强化保过套餐班、精讲强化套餐班

资料名称：

2012年阅读理解重点篇章小册子

专业课程：

理工类、综合类、卫生类

奇招迭出、化难为易、点石成金、落到实处

2012年职称英语重点阅读理解篇章小册子

张占杰主讲

综合类阅读理解

第一篇TellingTalesaboutPeople

Oneofthemostcommontypesofnonfiction,andonethatmanypeopleenjoyreading,isstoriesaboutpeople'slives.Thesestoriesfallintothreegeneralcategories:

autobiography,memoir,andbiography.

Anautobiographyisthestoryofaperson'slifewrittenbyhimselforherself.Oftenitbeginswiththeperson'searliestrecollectionsandendsinthepresent.Autobiographywritersmaynotbeentirelyobjectiveinthewaytheypresentthemselves.However,theyofferthereaderagoodlookatthewaytheyareandwhatmakesthemthatway.PeopleasdiverseasBenjaminFranklinandHelenKellerhavewrittenautobiographies.1Otherwriters,suchasJamesJoyce，havewrittenthinlyfictionalizedaccountsoftheirlives.Thesearenotautobiographies，buttheyareveryclosetoit.

Memoirs,strictlyspeaking,areautobiographicalaccountsthatfocusasmuchontheeventsofthetimesasonthelifeoftheauthor.2Memoirwriterstypicallyusetheseeventsasbackdropsfortheirlives.Theydescribethemindetailanddiscusstheirimportance.Recently，though，thetermmemoirseemstobebecominginterchangeab1ewithautobiography.Amemoirnowadaysmayormaynotdealwiththeoutsideworld.

Biographiesarefactualaccountsofsomeoneelse'slife.Inmanysenses，thesemaybethehardestofthethreetypestowrite.Autobiographywritersknowtheeventstheywriteaboutbecausetheylivedthem.Butbiographywritershavetogatherinformationfromasmanydifferentsourcesaspossible.Thentheyhavetodecidewhichfactstoinclude.Theirgoalistopresentabalancedpictureofaperson，notonethatisoverlypositiveortoocritical.Afairwell-presentedbiographymaytakeyearstoresearchandwrite.

词汇：

backdrop/'bæk,drɔp/n.背景interchangeable/intə'tʃendʒəbl/adj.可转换的

注释：

1.PeopleasdiverseasBenjaminFranklinandHelenKellerhavewrittenautobiographies.就像本杰明•富兰克林和海伦•凯勒一样，各种各样的人们已经写了自传。

2.Memoirs，strictlyspeaking，areautobiographicalaccountsthatfocusasmuchontheeventsofthetimesasonthelifeoftheauthor.严格意义上来讲，回忆录是既注重作者本身的生活经历，也注重其所处的时代所发生的事件的自传性的描述。

练习：

1.Thispassageismostlyabout_______.

A.thecharacteristicsofautobiographies，memoirs，andbiographies

B.famousautobiographies

C.whybiographycanbedifficulttowrite

D.differencesbetweenautobiographiesandmemoirs

2.HelenKellerwrote________.

A.amemoirB.anautobiographyC.aworkoffictionD.abiography

3.Autobiographywritersarenotalwaysobjectivebecausethey________.

A.feeltheyhavetomakeupdetailstomaketheirbookssell

B.constantlycompetewithbiographywriters

C.wanttopresentthemselvesinagoodlight

D.havetroublerememberingthegoodtimes

4.Thewriterintroduceseachcategoryinthepassageby________.

A.definingitB.givinganexample

C.explainingwhyitishardtowriteD.tellingwhenpeoplefirstbeganwritingit

5.Diversemeans________.

A.abletoswimindeepwaterB.similaroralike

C.variedordifferentD.enjoyingpoetry

答案与题解：

1.A本题问的是：

这篇文章主要是关于？

文章第一句说到最普遍的非小说类文学作品类型之一就是一些来描述人们生活的故事，这些故事大致分为三类：

自传

回忆录和传记。

然后通篇对这三种类型进行了介绍，因此A是正确答案。

2.B本题问的是：

海伦·凯勒谢了什么？

第二段第5句话写到：

就像本明杰·富兰克林和海伦·凯勒一样，各种各样的人们已经写了自传。

因此B是正确答案。

3.C本题问的是：

自传作者通常不太客观，因为他们？

第二段提到：

他们给读者提供了一个途径来了解自己比较好的行事风格……，因此答案是C，他们想展示自己好的一面。

4.A本题问的是：

本文的作者通过何种方式介绍每种类型的非小说文学作品？

答案是A，通过给每个类型进行定义。

5.C本题问的是：

diverse的意思是？

其汉语意思为“多种多样的”，因此C正确。

第二篇TheChangingMiddleClass

TheUnitedStatesperceivesitselftobeamiddle-classnation.However，middleclassisnotarealdesignation，nordoesitcarryprivileges.1Itismoreofaperception，whichprobablywasastrueasitevercouldberightafterWorldWarII.Theeconomywasgrowing，moreandmorepeopleownedtheirownhomes，workershadsolidcontractswiththecompaniesthatemployedthem，andnearlyeveryonewhowantedahighereducationcouldhaveone.Successfulpeopleenjoyedupwardsocialmobility.Theymayhavestartedoutpoor，buttheycouldbecomerich.Successfulpeoplealsofoundthattheyhadgreatergeographicmobility.Inotherwords，theyfoundthemselvesmovingtoandlivinginavarietyofplaces.

Themiddleclasscollectivelyholdsseveralvaluesandprinciples.Onestrongvalueistheneedtoearnenoughmoneytofeelthatonecandetermineone'sowneconomicfate.Inaddition，middleclassmoralityembracesprinciplesofindividualresponsibility，importanceoffamily,obligationstoothers，andbelievinginsomethingoutsideoneself.2

Butinthe1990sthoseinthemiddleclassfoundthattherewasapriceforsuccess.AU.S.News&WorldReportsurveyin1994indicatedthat75percentofAmericansbelievedthatmiddleclassfamiliescouldnolongermakeendsmeet3.Bothspousesnowworked，asdidsomeofthechildren;longcommutesbecameroutine;theneedforchildcareputstrainson4thefamily;andpublicschoolswerenotasgoodastheyoncewere.Membersofthemiddleclasswerenolongerfinancingtheirlifestylesthroughearningsbutwereusingcredittostayafloat.Theunderstandingofjustwhatmiddleclassmeantwaschanging.

词汇：

designation/dezig'neiʃən/n.称号commute/kə'mju:

t/n.上下班路程

mobility/məu'biləti/n.流动性

注释：

1.However，middlec1assisnotarealdesignation，nordoesitcarryprivileges.然而，中产阶级既不是一个真实的称号，也不会带来特别待遇。

2.Inaddition，middle-c1assmoralityembracesprinciplesofindividualresponsibility，importanceoffamily，obligationstoothers，andbelievinginsomethingoutsideonesèlf.另外，中产阶级的道德观包括个人的责任感、家庭的重要性、对他人的使命感以及相信自我以外的事物。

3.makeendsmeet：

收支相抵，维持生活

4.putstrainson：

带来压力

练习：

1.Theinformationinthispassagedealswith_______.

A）anindividualB）asocialandeconomicgroup

C）apoliticalorganizationD）government

2.Acommonmiddleclassvalueisthat________.

A）peopleshouldalwayshavefunB）childrenshouldbeseenandnotheard

C）debtisnothingtoworryaboutD）thefamilyisveryimportant

3.lntheyearsafterWorldWarII，themiddleclasscouldbedefinedas_______.

A）overburdenedandindebtB）hardworkingandsuspicious

C）prosperousandoptimisticD）youngandfoolish

4.Thephrase“Inotherwords"inthefirstparagraphmeansthatthefollowingstatementis_____.

A）anexceptiontothepreviousideaB）adenialofthepreviousidea

C）arestatementofthepreviousideaD）acontrastingidea

5.Thewordcollectivelymeans______.

A）asagroupB）hesitatinglyC）unknowinglyD）weakly

答案与题解：

1.B本题的问题是：

本文的信息是关于？

本文通篇讲述美国的中产阶级，指的是社会和经济群体，因此选择B。

2.D本题的问题是：

一个普遍的中产阶级价值观是？

本篇第二段最后一句话讲到，“中产阶级的道德观包括个人的责任感、家庭的重要性、对他人的使命感以及相信自我以外的事物”。

A、B、C三个选项不包括在内，因此正确答案是D。

3.C本题的问题是：

在二战之后的几年，中产阶级可以被定义为，本篇第一段提到了当时美国经济不断增长并且人们生活水平有了提高，因此选择C选项，繁荣并且乐观。

4.C本题的问题是：

第一段中的"lnotherwords"这个短语与下列说法一致的是，"Inotherwords"汉语意思是换句话来说，因此正确答案是C。

5.A本题的问题是：

单词"collectively"的汉语意思是“相同地”，选择A。

第三篇ALetterfromAlan

IhavelearntofaplantobuildthreehundredhousesonthelandcalledParson'sPlacebythefootballground.Fewpeopleknowaboutthisnewplantoincreasethesizeofourtown.Forme，Parson'sPlaceisspecialbecauseitisabeautifulnaturalareawherelocalpeoplecanrelax—thesmallwoodhasmanyunusualtreesandthestreamispopularwithfishermenandbird-watchers.It'sveryquietbecausetherearefewhousesorroadsnearby.Ithinkthatlosingthisareawillbeterriblebecausewehavenoothersimilarfacilitiesintheneighborhood.

Iamalsoagainstthisplanbecauseitwillcausetrafficproblems.Howwillthepeoplefromthenewhousestraveltowork?

Themotorwayandtherailwaystationareontheothersideoftown.

Therefore，thesepeoplewillhavetodrivethroughthetowncentreeverytimetheygoanywhere.Theroadswillalwaysbefulloftraffic，therewillbenowheretoparkandthetouristswhocometoseeourlovelyoldbuildingswillleave.Shopsandhotelswilllosebusiness.Ifthetownreallyneedsmorehomes，theemptygroundbesidetherailwaystationisamoresuitableplace.

Nodoubtthebuilderswillmakealotofmoneybysellingthesehouses.But，inmyopinion，theaveragepersonwillquicklybemadepoorerbythisplan.Aswellasthis，wewillloseaveryspecialplaceandourtownwillbemuchlesspleasant.

IamgoingtothelocalgovernmentofficesonMondaymorningtoprotestaboutthisplanandIhopethatyourreaderswilljoinmethere.Wemustmakethemstopthisplanbeforeitistoolate.

词汇:

facility/fə’siləti/n.场所，设施protest/prəu’test/v.抗议

motorway/‘məutəwei/n.高速公路

注释:

1.Forme，Parson'sPlaceisspecialbecauseitisabeautifulnaturalareawherelocalpeoplecanrelax—thesmallwoodhasmanyunusualtreesandthestreamispopularwithfishermenandbird-watchers.对我来说，帕森场是非常特别的，因为它是一个美丽的天然场地并且当地人可以在此放松休息。

这片小树林里有许多独特的树木并且这里的小溪受到了渔夫和野鸟观察者的欢迎。

2.Theroadswillalwaysbefulloftraffic，therewillbenowheretoparkandthetouristswhocometoseeourlovelyoldbuildingswillleave.公路上将总是有很多车辆，却没有地方停车，并且来参观我们这儿可爱的老式建筑物的观光者将会离开这里。

3.Aswellasthis，wewillloseaveryspecialplaceandourtownwillbemuchlesspleasant.不但如此，我们将失去一个非常特别的地方并且我们的城镇将会失去很多快乐。

练习:

1.WhyhasAlanwrittenthisletter?

A）Topersuadethegovernmenttobuildnewhouses.

B）Toprotestaboutanewmotorwaynearthetown.

C）ToencouragemorepeopleinthetowntouseParson'sPlace.

D）Toinformotherpeopleaboutthebuilders'plans.

2.WhyisParson'sPlaceparticularlyimportant，inAlan'sopinion?

A）Becauseitisnearthefootballground.

B）Becauselotsofpeoplelivenearit.

C）Becauseitisaplacenearthetownwherepeoplecanenjoynature.

D）Becauselocalpeoplecangetthereeasilybycarfromthetown.

3.Whatwillcausetrafficjams?

A）AbuildingonParson'sPlace