初二英语语法上.docx
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初二英语语法上
初二英语语法讲义（上）
冠词
不定冠词a/an
apen,key,ruler,backpack,dictionary
aneraseranhour/orange/Englishcar
特例：
1usefuluniversityunitusual/uncle,umbrella
ausefulmachine,auniversityanuncle,anumbrella,anuglyboy
2hour,honour,honest
用法
1初次提到某人某物
Whatishe？
Heisaguide.
2表示一类人，东西
Anelephantisstrongerthanahorse.
Acatisalovelyanimal.
3表示“一”
Hewillbebackinamonthortwo.
4不确定的某一个
AWangislookingforyououtside.
5时间/速度/价格等名词前，相当于every
Thiskindofcarcanonlyrun80kilometersanhour.
6a+抽象名词
It’sagreathonourtometoattendthemeeting
7词组
突然Allofasudden,
事实上asamatteroffact,
结果asaresult,
一点儿alittle/bit,
很多/大量agreatmany,
许多alotof,
感冒haveacold,
玩得愉快haveagoodtime…
the:
1.特指双方都知道的事情
Iwantthebook.
Pleaseopenthewindow.
Let’smeetattheschoolgate.
2.第二次提到
Hehasapencilandthepencilisgivenbyhissister.
3.独一无二事物前
Thesun/moon/earth/sky
4.The+当数名词连用
Thedollar/thefox/poor/rich
5.序数词，形容词最高级前
Thefirst/second/third/last
Thebest,themostbeautiful
Ilovechinabest/thebest.
6.The+复数名词
Theyaretheteachersoftheschool.
7.所有，物主代词，The+身体部位
Shecaughtmebythearm.
8.The+国家，机关，团体，阶级
thePeople’sRepublicofChina
theUnitedStates
9.the+乐器
playthepiano/theviolin/theguitar
10.the+姓氏复数：
一家人
theGreens
11.介词惯用语
inthebox,behindthecar/chair
intheday/morning/afternoon/evening
thedayaftertomorrow/thedaybeforeyesterday/thenextmorning/intherain/inthedistance/inthesky/inthecountry/inthefield/inthewater/inthemiddleof/intheend/bytheway
零冠词
1.复数可数名词和不可数名词表示一般意义
Unityisstrength.
2.州名，国家名，人名字
Asiaisthelargestcontinentintheworld.
NewZealandisalsoanEnglishspeakingcountry.
Bobiscomingwithmetotheairporttoseemeoff.
3.节/假日，星期/月份/季节前
Nationaldayiscomingsoon.
Januaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.
AutumnisthebestseasoninBeijing.
特例：
But:
Inthefall（美国用法）
特指某年的某个季节：
Inthewinterof2005IwasinHangzhouUniversity.
4.球类棋类牌类：
playbasketball/football
playchess/bridge/cards
5.三餐
havebreakfast/lunch/dinner
atlunch
表示特指时：
Wehadawonderfullunch.
IlikethesupperatyourhouselastSunday.
6.头衔,职务（不是职业）前
Weelectedhimchairmanofthemeeting.
In1973,SharonwasmadeIsraelMinisterofDefenseandin2001waselectedprimeminister.
7.家庭成员前
Iwillmeetmotherat2o’clockatthestation.
Areyoufreetomorrow,Uncle?
8.新闻告示电报
Roadblocked
Wifeill,mustcancelholiday.
9.学科语言前
I’mstudyingphysics.
Istudychemistryatschool.
IwasstudyingcomputerwhenIwas5.
10.习惯用于
Bybus/bike/train/ship/airfromdawnuntildark/afterdark/afterschool/dayandnight/inchargeof/forexample/introuble/indanger/infact/catchfire/setfireto/byhand/bymachine/atnight
强化提高题1.____appleonthetableisWeiFang's.A.AnB.AC./D.The
2.-Bytheway,haveyougot____E-mailaddress?
-Oh,yes,it'sreggren@.A.theB.anC.aD./
3.-Whatcanyouseebythelake?
-Icansee_____oldmansittingonthechair.A.aB.anC.theD./
4.Therearesixtyminutesin____hour.
A.aB.anC.theD./
5.Ittakesus____hourormoretogotomyhometownby____train.
A.an;aB.a;anC.an;/D.a;/
6.Jimlikestoplay____footballandwason____schoolteam.
A./;theB./;/C.the;theD.a;a
7.Morecollegegraduateswouldliketoworkin____westpartofourcountry____nextyear.
A.the;theB./;/C./;theD.the;/
8.Weworkfivedays____week.
A.aB.anC.theD./
9.____bookonthedeskis____usefulone.
A.The;anB.A;aC.The;aD.The;/
10.–Howmany5-starhotelsarethereinyourcity?
–Two.Oursisoneofthem,and____otherisParkstonHotel.
A.anB.theC.aD./
11.Wecan'tsee________sunat________night.
A.a;/B.a;theC.the;/D.the;the
12.Wearegoingtohave________X-raycheck.
A.aB.anC.theD./
13.Maryhas________highfeverandshehastobein________hospital.
A.a,/B.a,aC./,/D.the,the
14.Sheisbuilding________fireintheroom.
A.aB.anC.theD./
15.________moonmovesaround________earth,andtheybotharesmallerthan________sun.
A.The,an,aB.A,the,the
C./,/,/D.The,the,the
16.HedoesreadingaloudinEnglishin________morning.
A.aB.theC.theseD./
17.Paperismadeof________bamboo.
A.aB.theC./D.this
18.Haveyouany________story-books?
A.theB.aC.anD./
19.Hedoesn'thave________lunchathome.
A.aB.theC./D.that
20.Theyoungmanwillworkin________schoolasamathsteacher.
A.theB.aC.anD./
21.LastyearTomtraveledfrom________countryto________country.
A.a,aB.the,theC./,/D.a,the
22.Isawhimdriveacar________only________.
A.100milesahour,ahourago
B.100milesonehour,anhourago
C.100milesahour,onehourago
D.100milesanhour,onehourago
23.—Haveyouhad________lunch?
—Yes,Ihad________gooddinnerinmyfriend'shouse.
A./,aB.a,aC.the,theD./,/
24.Onemustknowwhat________true,________goodand________beautifulare.
A./,/,/B.the,the,the
C.a,/,theD.a,a,the
25.Hetakes________activepartinsports.
A.aB.theC.anD./
26.Wehavehad________.
A.gooddinnerB.agooddinner
C.thegooddinnerD.gooddinners
27.Wewillbeginafter________.
A.thedinnerB.adinnerC.dinnerD.onedinner
28.Thisisoneof________importantbooksonphysics.
A.themostofB.themost
C.mostoftheD.most
29.Thelittleboywishestobe________.
A.studentB.studentsC.astudentD.anstudent
30.Doyouhave________dictionary?
A.aFrenchandEnglishB.aFrenchandaEnglish
C.theFrenchandEnglishD.theFrenchandanEnglish
31.Hereis________basket.________basketismine.
A.a;TheB.the;TheC.a;AD.the;A
32.Tomorrowis________Teachers'Dayandwe'llmake________Teachers'
DaycardformyEnglishteacher.
A.a;theB./;theC./;aD./;/
33.Beijingis________beautifulcity.It's________capitalofChina.
A.a;aB.the;theC./;theD.a;the
34.Wecan'tsee________sunat________night.
A.the;theB.the;/C.a;/D./;/
35.—Thereare________fewmistakesinyourhomework.
—Don'tmake________samemistakesagain.
A.a;aB.a;theC.the;theD./;the
36.________ChangjiangRiveris________longestin________China,andoneof________longestriversin________world.
A.The;the;/;/;theB./;the;/;the;/
C.The;the;/;the;theD./;a;/;the;the
37.Hetooktheoldworkerby________hand.
A.theB.aC.hisD.an
38.Healwaysgetsupearlyin________.
A.onemorningB.morning
C.themorningD.amorning
39.Is_____inthesky?
A.themoonB.moonC.amoonD.anmoon
40.Heisnotlooking________.
A.atsunB.ataskyC.atthesunD.atsomesky
41.Theydidn'tpasstheexamtwice,however,theyhavemadeuptheirmindtotry________.
A.thirdtimeB.thethirdtimes
C.thethirdtimeD.threetimes
42.Onetenthof________thousandis________hundred.
A.one,aB.a,theC.a,aD.one,an
43.Whenyougototheshops,bringme_________.
A.afruittinB.afruitstin
C.atinoffruitD.atinoffruits
44.JohnSmithis________honestman.
A.oneB.anC.theD.a
45.Mybrotherworksin________,butI'mnotcertainwhichone.
A.afactoryB.factory
C.onefactoryD.somefactories
46.Marywantstobecome________.
A.somesecretaryB.asecretary
C.secretaryD.secretaries
答案：
1—46DBBBCADACBCBAADBCDCACDABCBCBCAACDBBCACACCCCBAB
数词
数词：
表示数目或顺序
基数词：
表示数目
1.零:
naught/ought/zilch/zero/nil/o
2.百位数：
threehundredandsixty-seven
3.基数词＋名词：
afive-yearplan/I’mfiveyearsold
4.特定基数词：
dozen/gross/score/
序数词：
表示顺序
分为四类：
1．第一First；第二second；第三third
简写为1st,2nd,3rd
2.fivefifthtwelvetwelfth
eight<-->eighthnine<-->ninthseven<-->seventhten<-->tenthfifteen<-->fifteentheighteen<-->eighteenth
3.twenty<-->twentiethsixty<-->sixtiethninety<-->ninetieth
4.thirty-one<-->thirty-firsteigthy-seven<-->eighty-seventh
两类数词的区别
Part1/thefirstpart
Lessonten/thetenthlesson
Room4038
1389JiefangRoad
October.1st
Thefirstfivepages/threesecondprizes
基数词用法
1基数词在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、定语和同位语
Fourofusarestudents
Fourandeightistwelve
Iwillgothereat8tomorrowmorning
Atleast450yearsago,cornwasbroughttochina
Whatkindoffruitdoyouthreewant?
2
Hundreds/thousandsof
Hundredsofvisitorsvisitedtheexhibitionthismorning.
ThousandsandthousandsofpeoplecometovisitChairmanMao’smemorialhall.
Millionsofdollarshasbeenputontheproject.
3inone’s…ties
Theboyisinhisteens.
Heisinhistwenties.
WhenIaminmysixties,Iwillstillwork.
4年龄表达3yearsold/3-year-old/attheageof3/3yearsofage/sbaged3
大约About20/around20/20orso/
不足Almost,nearlytoward,closeto/below/lessthan
超过Morethan/above/over/nolessthan
刚刚Just/only./fully/barely
5电话，编码
Double.Triple
6174951000
6楼层
7年月日
Sunday,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,SaturdayJanuary,February,March,April,Mayday,June,July,August,September,October,November,December
美式：
月日年September11th,2001英式：
日月年11thSeptember2001亚洲式：
年月日1997年7月1日国际标准：
以年月日为序，月日均以两位数标出
8分数子基母序
One-third/two-thirds
2,3/5:
twoandthree-fifths
Twooverthree2/3
TodayaboutaquarteroftheworldpopulationspeaksEnglish.
Aquarter/threequarters
Ahalf
9小数百分数
Point
percent/percent
Geniusisonepercentinspirationandninety-ninepercentperspiration.
I’m100percentinagreewithyou.
TheGDPincreased2percentthisyear
升级会员 