初二英语语法上.docx

1、初二英语语法上初二英语语法讲义（上）冠词不定冠词a/an a pen, key, ruler, backpack, dictionaryan eraser an hour/orange/English car特例：1 useful university unit usual / uncle, umbrella a useful machine, a university an uncle, an umbrella, an ugly boy2 hour, honour, honest用法1初次提到某人某物What is he？ He is a guide.2表示一类人，东西An elephant

2、 is stronger than a horse.A cat is a lovely animal.3 表示“一”He will be back in a month or two.4 不确定的某一个A Wang is looking for you outside.5 时间/速度/价格等名词前，相当于everyThis kind of car can only run 80 kilometers an hour.6 a+抽象名词Its a great honour to me to attend the meeting7词组突然 All of a sudden, 事实上as a matte

3、r of fact, 结果as a result, 一点儿a little/bit, 很多/大量a great many,许多a lot of, 感冒have a cold,玩得愉快have a good timethe:1. 特指双方都知道的事情I want the book.Please open the window.Lets meet at the school gate.2. 第二次提到He has a pencil and the pencil is given by his sister.3. 独一无二事物前The sun/moon/earth/sky4. The+当数名词连用T

4、he dollar/ the fox/poor/rich5. 序数词，形容词最高级前The first / second / third / lastThe best, the most beautiful I love china best/ the best.6. The+复数名词They are the teachers of the school.7. 所有，物主代词，The+身体部位She caught me by the arm.8. The +国家，机关，团体，阶级the Peoples Republic of Chinathe United States9. the+乐器pla

5、y the piano/the violin/the guitar10. the +姓氏复数：一家人the Greens11. 介词惯用语in the box, behind the car / chairin the day/morning/afternoon/evening the day after tomorrow/ the day before yesterday/ the next morning/ in the rain/ in the distance/ in the sky/ in the country/ in the field/ in the water/ in the

6、 middle of/ in the end/ by the way零冠词1. 复数可数名词和不可数名词表示一般意义Unity is strength.2. 州名，国家名，人名字Asia is the largest continent in the world.New Zealand is also an English speaking country.Bob is coming with me to the airport to see me off.3. 节/假日，星期/月份/季节前National day is coming soon.January is the first mon

7、th of the year.Autumn is the best season in Beijing.特例：But: In the fall（美国用法）特指某年的某个季节：In the winter of 2005 I was in Hangzhou University.4. 球类 棋类 牌类：play basketball/football play chess / bridge / cards5. 三餐have breakfast/lunch/dinnerat lunch表示特指时：We had a wonderful lunch.I like the supper at your h

8、ouse last Sunday.6. 头衔,职务(不是职业)前We elected him chairman of the meeting.In 1973, Sharon was made Israel Minister of Defense and in 2001 was elected prime minister.7. 家庭成员前I will meet mother at 2 oclock at the station.Are you free tomorrow, Uncle?8. 新闻 告示 电报Road blockedWife ill, must cancel holiday.9.

9、 学科 语言前Im studying physics.I study chemistry at school.I was studying computer when I was 5.10. 习惯用于By bus/bike/train/ship/air from dawn until dark/ after dark/ after school/ day and night/ in charge of/ for example/ in trouble/ in danger/ in fact/ catch fire/ set fire to/ by hand/ by machine/ at ni

10、ght强化提高题1. _ apple on the table is Wei Fangs. A. An B. A C. / D. The 2. - By the way, have you got _ E-mail address? - Oh, yes, its reggren. A. the B. an C. a D. /3. - What can you see by the lake? - I can see _ old man sitting on the chair. A. a B. an C. the D. /4. There are sixty minutes in _ hour

11、. A. a B. an C. the D. /5. It takes us _ hour or more to go to my hometown by _ train.A. an; a B. a; an C. an; / D. a; /6. Jim likes to play _ football and was on _ school team. A. /; the B. /; / C. the; the D. a; a7. More college graduates would like to work in _ west part of our country _ next yea

12、r. A. the; the B. /; / C. /; the D. the; /8. We work five days _ week. A. a B. an C. the D. /9. _ book on the desk is _ useful one. A. The; an B. A; a C. The; a D. The; /10. How many 5-star hotels are there in your city? Two. Ours is one of them, and _ other is Parkston Hotel. A. an B. the C. a D. /

13、11. We cant see _ sun at _ night. A. a; / B. a; the C. the; / D. the; the12. We are going to have _ X-ray check. A. a B. an C. the D. /13. Mary has _ high fever and she has to be in _ hospital. A. a, / B. a, a C. /, / D. the, the14. She is building _ fire in the room. A. a B. an C. the D. /15. _ moo

14、n moves around _ earth, and they both are smaller than _ sun. A. The, an, a B. A, the, the C. /, /, / D. The, the, the16. He does reading aloud in English in _ morning. A. a B. the C. these D. /17. Paper is made of _ bamboo. A. a B. the C. / D. this18. Have you any _ story-books? A. the B. a C. an D

15、. /19. He doesnt have _ lunch at home. A. a B. the C. / D. that20. The young man will work in _ school as a maths teacher. A. the B. a C. an D. /21. Last year Tom traveled from _ country to _ country. A. a, a B. the, the C. /, / D. a, the22. I saw him drive a car _ only _. A. 100 miles a hour, a hou

16、r ago B. 100 miles one hour, an hour ago C. 100 miles a hour, one hour ago D. 100 miles an hour, one hour ago23. Have you had _ lunch? Yes, I had _ good dinner in my friends house. A. /, a B. a, a C. the, the D. /, /24. One must know what _ true, _ good and _ beautiful are. A. /, /, / B. the, the, t

17、he C. a, /, the D. a, a, the25. He takes _ active part in sports. A. a B. the C. an D. /26. We have had _. A. good dinner B. a good dinner C. the good dinner D. good dinners27. We will begin after _. A. the dinner B. a dinner C. dinner D. one dinner28. This is one of _ important books on physics. A.

18、 the most of B. the most C. most of the D. most29. The little boy wishes to be _. A. student B. students C. a student D. an student30. Do you have _ dictionary? A. a French and English B. a French and a English C. the French and English D. the French and an English31. Here is _ basket. _ basket is m

19、ine. A. a; The B. the; The C. a; A D. the; A32. Tomorrow is _ Teachers Day and well make _ Teachers Day card for my English teacher. A. a; the B. /; the C. /; a D. /; /33. Beijing is _ beautiful city. Its _ capital of China. A. a; a B. the; the C. /; the D. a; the34. We cant see _ sun at _ night. A.

20、 the; the B. the; / C. a; / D. /; /35. There are _ few mistakes in your homework. Dont make _ same mistakes again. A. a; a B. a; the C. the; the D. /; the36. _ Changjiang River is _ longest in _ China, and one of _ longest rivers in _ world. A. The; the; /; /; the B. /; the; /; the; / C. The; the; /

21、; the; the D. /; a; /; the; the37. He took the old worker by _ hand. A. the B. a C. his D. an38. He always gets up early in _. A. one morning B. morning C. the morning D. a morning39. Is _ in the sky? A. the moon B. moon C. a moon D. an moon40. He is not looking _. A. at sun B. at a sky C. at the su

22、n D. at some sky41. They didnt pass the exam twice, however, they have made up their mind to try _. A. third time B. the third times C. the third time D. three times42. One tenth of _ thousand is _ hundred. A. one, a B. a, the C. a, a D. one, an43. When you go to the shops, bring me _. A. a fruit ti

23、n B. a fruits tin C. a tin of fruit D. a tin of fruits44. John Smith is _ honest man. A. one B. an C. the D. a45. My brother works in _, but Im not certain which one. A. a factory B. factory C. one factory D. some factories46. Mary wants to become _. A. some secretary B. a secretary C. secretary D.

24、secretaries答案：1 46 DBBBC ADACB CBAAD BCDCA CDABC BCBCA ACDBB CACAC CCCBA B数词数词：表示数目或顺序基数词：表示数目1. 零: naught/ ought/zilch/zero/nil/o2. 百位数： three hundred and sixty-seven3. 基数词名词：a five-year plan/ Im five years old4. 特定基数词：dozen/gross/score/序数词：表示顺序分为四类：1 第一 First；第二 second；第三 third简写为1st, 2nd, 3rd2. f

25、ive fifth twelve twelfth eight eighth nine ninth seven seventh ten tenth fifteen fifteenth eighteen eighteenth3. twenty twentieth sixty sixtieth ninety ninetieth 4. thirty-one thirty-first eigthy-seven eighty-seventh两类数词的区别Part 1/the first partLesson ten/ the tenth lessonRoom 40381389 Jiefang RoadOc

26、tober. 1stThe first five pages/ three second prizes基数词用法1 基数词在句子中可以用作主语、表语、宾语、定语和同位语Four of us are studentsFour and eight is twelveI will go there at 8 tomorrow morningAt least 450 years ago, corn was brought to chinaWhat kind of fruit do you three want?2Hundreds /thousands ofHundreds of visitors vi

27、sited the exhibition this morning.Thousands and thousands of people come to visit Chairman Maos memorial hall.Millions of dollars has been put on the project.3 in ones tiesThe boy is in his teens.He is in his twenties.When I am in my sixties, I will still work.4 年龄表达3 years old / 3-year-old / at the

28、 age of 3 / 3 years of age / sb aged 3 大约 About 20/ around 20/ 20 or so/ 不足Almost, nearly toward, close to/ below/less than 超过More than/ above/ over/ no less than刚刚Just/ only./fully/barely5电话，编码Double. Triple61749510006楼层7 年月日 Sunday, Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday January, F

29、ebruary, March, April, Mayday, June, July, August, September, October, November, December美式：月日年 September 11th, 2001英式：日月年 11th September 2001亚洲式：年月日 1997年7月1日国际标准：以年月日为序，月日均以两位数标出8 分数 子基母序One-third/ two-thirds2,3/5: two and three-fifthsTwo over three 2/3Today about a quarter of the world population speaks English.A quarter/ three quartersA half9小数 百分数Pointper cent/ percentGenius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration. Im 100 percent in agree with you. The GDP increased 2 percent this year