山东省临沂市普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟考试一模英语试题解析版.docx

山东省临沂市普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟考试一模英语试题解析版.docx

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山东省临沂市普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟考试一模英语试题解析版

绝密★启用前

山东省临沂市普通高中

2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试模拟考试（一模）

英语试题

（解析版）

2022年2月

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

第一部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Writer’sDigestAnnualWritingCompetition

Writer’sDigesthasbeenshiningaspotlightonupandcomingwritersinallgenres（体裁）throughitsAnnualWritingCompetitionformorethan80years.Enterour89thAnnualWritingCompetitionforyourchancetowinandhaveyourworkbeseenbyeditorsandagents!

Prizes

·OneGrandPrizewinnerwillreceive:

$5.000incashandaninterviewwiththeminWriter'sDigest（Nov/Dec2022issue）andonWritersDigest.com.ApaidtriptotheWriter’sDigestAnnualConference,includingspecialrecognitionatthekeynote.

·Alltopwinnerswillreceive:

TheirnamesandthetitleoftheirwinningpiecelistedinWriter’sDigestandonWritersDigest.com

Aone-yearsubscription（neworrenewal）toWriter’sDigestmagazine

AoneyearsubscriptiontoWriter’sDigestTutorials

20%discountoffofpurchasesmadeatWriter’sDigestUniversity

PricingandDeadlines

·Early-BirdDeadline:

May6,2022

Poetryentry—$20forthefirstentry;$15foreachadditionalpoetryentry.

Manuscriptentry—$30forthefirstentry;$25foreachadditionalmanuscriptentry.

·RegularDeadline:

June6,2022

Poetryentry—$25forthefirstentry;$20foreachadditionalpoetryentry.

Manuscriptentry—$35forthefirstentry;$30foreachadditionalmanuscriptentry.

Preparingyourentry

·Pleasesubmittextonly;illustrationsarenotaccepted.

·Coverpagesareoptional;titlesarenotrequestedornecessary.

·Wordcountsarenottoincludeentrytitle.

·Acceptedfileformal:

pdf.Donotattachzippedfiles,ordocumentsstoredontheweb.

HowtoEnter

CreateyourfreeSubmittableaccountbyclickingtheSUBMITbutton.IfyoualreadyhaveaSubmittableaccount,simplylogin!

1.Whatwillalltopwinnersreceive?

A.TheirwinningpiecepublishedinWriter’sDigest

B.ApaidtriptotheWriter’sDigestAnnualConference.

C.FreepermenantsubscriptiontoWriter’sDigestmagazine.

D.Purchasesata20%discountatWriter’sDigestUniversity.

2.IfsomeonesubmitstwomanuscriptentriesonMay22nd,howmuchshouldhepay?

A.$65B.$55.C.$45.D.$35

3.Whichofthefollowingmustbesubmittedinanentry?

A.Titles.B.Coverpages.

C.Textsinpdf.D.Illustrations

【答案】1.D2.A3.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。

《作家文摘》的年度写作比赛已经举办了80多年，它一直是所有流派中崭露头角的作家的关注焦点，这是一篇《作家文摘》年度写作比赛的征文启事。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。

根据“Alltopwinnerswillreceive”部分最后一句“20%discountoffofpurchasesmadeatWriter’sDigestUniversity”（在作家文摘大学买东西可以打八折）可知，所有优胜者都可以在作家文摘大学享受8折购买优惠。

故选D。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。

根据“PricingandDeadlines”部分“RegularDeadline:

June6,2022”中的最后一句“Manuscriptentry—$35forthefirstentry;$30foreachadditionalmanuscriptentry.”（稿件投稿：

第一次投稿$35；每增加一篇稿件30美元。

）可知，如果有人在5月22日提交两份稿件,他应该支付65美元。

故选A。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。

根据“Preparingyourentry”部分第一句中的“Pleasesubmittextonly”（请只提交文字）和倒第二句“Acceptedfileformal:

pdf.”（接受文件格式：

pdf。

）可知,pdf格式的文本必须在条目中提交。

故选C。

B

Aletterwrittentoa12-year-oldgirlinLithuaniawasdeliveredinDecember,almost51yearsafteritwassentbyapenpalinPoland.“Ithoughtthatsomeonewasprankingme,”saidGenovefaKlonovskaafterbeinghandedtheletter,whichincludedahandmadecoloredroseandtwopaperdolls.

Theletter,togetherwith17others,felloutofaventilationhole（通风口）thissummer,dirtyandwrinkled,asawallwastakendowninaformerpostofficeonthesuburbofVilnius.JurgisVilnius,ownerofthebuildingimmediatelycalledthepostoffice.“I’msohappytheygotinterested,”saidhe.

StreetnamesandtheirnumberinghavechangedinVilnius,andpostofficeworkersspentmonthslookingfortherighthousesandtalkingtocurrentrentersandneighbors,trackingdownwheretherecipientsmovedto.Onlyfivewerefound.Inseveralcaseschildrenoflaterecipientswerehandedalostletter.

“Wefeltamoraldutytodothis,”saidDeimanteZebrauskaite,headofthecustomerexperiencedepartmentatLithuaniaPost.

Oneladycomparedtheexperiencetoreceivingamessagefromabottlethrownintosea.Peoplewereemotional.“Somefelttheysawapartofdailylifeoftheirdeceasedparents,”Zebrauskaitesaid.

InthelettertoKlonovska,sentfromKoezaryinPolandandstampedin1970,agirlnamedEwacomplainsbusesnolongerreachhervillage,soshehastowalkinminus23degreeCelsiuscold,andasksforpicturesofactors.

Nowinher60s,KlonovskahasnomemoryofEwa.SheprobablywroteEwaafterfindingheraddressadvertisingforpenpalsinanewspaper,andtherelationshipceasedafterthelettergotundelivered.

“Sogoodthattheletterdidn'tmattermuch.Thelosswasnotlife-changing,”saidKlonovska“Whatiftheydeliveredalostletterfromasuitor（求婚者）tohislove,andtheirweddingneverhappened?

”

4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“pranking”inParagraph1mean?

A.Brightening.B.Embarrassing.C.Tricking.D.Pleasing.

5.WhathappenedtothelettersinParagraph2?

A.Theywereaccidentallyfound.

B.Theyremainedwell-preserved.

C.Theyweredeliveredbytheformerpostoffice.

D.Theywerehiddenbytheownerofthebuilding.

6.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesthepresentpostofficeinVilnius?

A.Generous.B.Dutiful.C.Honest.D.Cautious.

7.WhatcanwelearnfromwhatKlonovskasaid?

A

Klonovskarefusedasuitor.

B.Klonovskastoppedthewedding.

C.Theundeliveredletterruinedtherelationship.

D.Theundeliveredlettermadelittledifferencetoher.

【答案】4.C5.A6.B7.D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道,主要讲的是今年夏天,维尔纽斯郊区的一家前邮局的一堵墙被拆掉时发现了18封很久以前发出的信,邮局工作人员很负责任地花了数月时间寻找合适的收信人。

【4题详解】

词句猜测题。

根据划线词前“Aletterwrittentoa12-year-oldgirlinLithuaniawasdeliveredinDecember,almost51yearsafteritwassentbyapenpalinPoland.（一封写给立陶宛一名12岁女孩的信于去年12月才送达,但距波兰笔友寄出这封信的时间已经近51年了。

）”可知,立陶宛的女孩收到了51年前寄给她的信,由此推知当她收到信时,她难以相信,甚至可能觉得有人捉弄她,结合选项和女孩的话“Ithoughtthatsomeonewasprankingme,”可推知,划线词pranking的意思是“欺骗”,即Tricking,故选C。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。

根据第二段的“Theletter,togetherwith17others,felloutofaventilationhole（通风口）thissummer,dirtyandwrinkled,asawallwastakendowninaformerpostofficeonthesuburbofVilnius.（今年夏天,维尔纽斯郊区一家前邮局的一堵墙被推倒,这封信连同另外17封信从通风孔里掉了出来,既脏又皱。

）”可知,那些信是偶然发现的,故选A。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。

根据第三段的“StreetnamesandtheirnumberinghavechangedinVilnius,andpostofficeworkersspentmonthslookingfortherighthousesandtalkingtocurrentrentersandneighbors,trackingdownwheretherecipientsmovedto.（维尔纽斯的街道名称和编号都发生了变化,邮局工作人员花了数月时间寻找合适的房屋,并与当前的租客和邻居交谈,追踪收件人搬到了哪里。

）”及第四段的“Wefeltamoraldutytodothis（我们觉得这样做是一种道义上的责任）”可推知,邮局费劲地寻找收信人,说明邮局是尽职的,即Dutiful,故选B。

【7题详解】

细节理解题。

根据最后一段Klonovska的话“Sogoodthattheletterdidn’tmattermuch.Thelosswasnotlife-changing（好在这封信无关紧要。

损失并没有改变生活）”可知,那封未送达的信对Klonovska没有什么影响。

故选D。

C

Whenevaluatingpeopleonvariouspsychologicaltests,psychologistsoftendistinguishbetweenmarkersofabsoluteperformanceandrelativeperformance.Absoluteperformancereflectstherawmeasurementofsomething,likethetimeittakestorunamile.Relativeperformanceishowapersonratesinrelationtotheirpeers,asinwhatplacearunnergetsinarace.

Thestandardsweusetoevaluateourselvesarealmostalwaysrelative,aswecompareourselvestoourpeersandthestandardsthataremostfamiliartous.Forinstance,inmyprivatepractice,IhaveonepatientIwillcall“Omar”whoisdependentonsocialservicesandmakeslessthan$30,000peryearathisjob.Whilethislevelofpovertywouldleadmostpeopletowakeupdepressedeachday,OmarisoneofthemostoptimisticandappreciativeindividualsIknow.Why?

Becausemostofhisclosestpeers—hissiblingsandfriendsfromchildhood—havelivesfarworsethanhis.

IncontrasttoOmar,Ihaveanotherpatient,anadolescentI’llcall“Lena”,whosefamilyhaspropertyover$5million.Lena,however,livesinanupper-classneighborhoodwhereherfamilyisatthelowerendoftheincomelevel.ThoughLena'sfamilyallowshertoenjoypossessionsandexperiencesthatlessthanIpercentofherpeersacrosstheworldcanshare,sheconsistentlyfeels“lessthan”.Why?

BecauseLenadoesn'tcompareherselftotherestoftheworld;Thisistooabstractanexerciseforher,asitwouldbeformostofus.

Accordingly,whetherapsychologistispsychodynamicorcognitive-behavioral,therapy（疗法）withindividualsstrugglingwithsituationalorpsychologicaldepressionaimstosolvetheproblemsassociatedwithbasingone'sself-worthoncomparisonswithothers.Psychologiststrytohelppeoplefocusonpersonalgrowtharoundtheachievementofconcretegoalsinlinewiththeirvalues.independentoftheachievementofothers.Forallofus,definingthesegoals,especiallyduringPeriodsofemotionalcalm,cangoalongwayinhelpingustoavoidthetrapofrelativitythatoftenleadstosituationalandpsychologicaldepression.

8.WhatisthefunctionofParagraph1?

A.Toshowthesignificanceofevaluatingpeople.

B.Tomotivatereaderstostudypsychologicaltests.

C.Tohelppeopleperformwellinpsychologicaltests.

D.Toprovidesomebackgroundinformationonevaluatingpeople.

9.Whydoestheauthormentionhistwopatients?

A.Tomeasuredifferentachievement.

B.Tointroducethestandardstoevaluatepeople.

C.Toexplainrelativeperformancewithexamples.

D.Tocontrastrelativeperformanceandabsoluteperformance.

10.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?

A.Settinggoalsinlifeisessentialforeveryone.

B.It'simportanttoavoidunhealthycomparisons.

C.Asenseofachievementcanaffectone'shappiness,

D.Improvingself-worthcanhelpgetridofd