高中英语常用短语及句型总结.docx
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高中英语常用短语及句型总结
高中英语常用短语及句型总结
1.高考高频动词短语
（1act短语:
4
actas担任……职务,起……作用
actfor代理（某人职务,代为（处理某事
actout表演（对话、故事等
actup捣乱,出毛病
IactedasaninterpreterwhileIwasinXiamen.
Mr.Blackisactingfortheoldmaninhiscase.
（布莱克先生代那个老人处理他的案件。
ThechildrenwereactingoutthestoryofthebirthofJesus.
He’satoughkidandheactsupalot.
（2break短语:
11
breakaway摆脱,脱离
breakawayfrom…脱离……,奋力挣脱……
breakdown出故障,坏掉,中止,累垮,分解
breakin打断,插话,闯入,强行进入
breakinto…闯入……,破门而入
break（sthoff（使某物折断,中断某事物,突然停止
breakout（战争、火灾突然发生,爆发
breakoutintears突然大哭
breaktherule违反规定
breakthrough突围,冲跨
breakup分解,分裂,拆散,碎开
Thethiefbrokeawayfromthepolice,butwaslatercaught.
Ifyoukeeponworkinglikethat,you’llbreakdownsoonerorlater.
Thecarbrokedownjustonmywayhere.
Ifanyonetriestobreakin,thealarmwillgooff.
Ifanyonetriestobreakintothebuilding,thealarmwillgooff.
Shebrokeoffabitofbreadanddippeditinthesoup.
Ibrokeofftheconversationandansweredthephone.
Doeseveryoneknowwhattodoifafirebreaksout?
Itmaytakealongtimetobreakthroughtheproblem.
Inspringtheicebergsbegintobreakup.
（3bring短语:
18
bringabout引起,导致,使发生
bringalong把……带来,领来
bringback拿回来,使恢复
bringsbback送回某人
bringsth/sbbacktolife使……生动/活泼,使……苏醒
（比较:
sth/sbcomebacktolife复苏,苏醒
bringdown使……降低,减少,使……倒下,使……落下
bringdown/up（theprice降价/提价
[比较:
（thepricegodown/up价格下降/上涨]
bringin引进（技术,赚钱,带来（收入,吸收
bringon发展,引起,导致,使前进
bringout拿出,出版,生产,揭露,阐明,使表现出
bringto使苏醒
bring…touse=put…touse对……加以利用
bring/carrysthto/intoeffect实施……
（比较:
sthcome/gointoeffect开始实施
bringup抚养,培养,哺育
Ahugeamountofenvironmentaldamagehasbeenbroughtabout
bythedestructionoftherainforests.
You’rewelcometobringalongafriend.
Thegovernmenthopesthesemeasureswillhelptobringdown
inflation（通货膨胀.
Americancountrymusicbringsinmorethan$10billioneachyear.
Thisnewkindoftechnologywasbroughtinintheearly1980s.
Stresscanbringon（=leadto/resultinheadachesandother
illnesses.
Jennyopenedthecupboardandbroughtoutacoupleofbottles.
Hewasbroughtupbyhisgrandparents.
（4call短语:
12
callat（sp访问（某地,拜访（某地
[比较:
callon（sb拜访（某人,访问（某人]
callback回电话
callfor提倡,号召,要求,需要,去接某人,接走某人
call/shoutforhelp呼救
callin请来,召集,来访,打电话
calloff取消
callon/upon号召
callout大声呼喊,叫喊
callsb…forshort简称某人……
callsbnames谩骂某人
callup给……打电话,使人想起,号召
WecalledatMike’shouseyesterday.
AllshipssailingontheoceanscallforhelpbyradioinEnglish.
I’llcallformyuncleatBeijingRailwayStation.
Let’scallinadoctorforthelittlegirl.
Manyofthesesongscalledon/upontheworkerstotakeupthe
struggle.
Ishallcallonhimtomorrow.
Iheardsomebodycallingouttomefromdownstairs.
Callmeuptomorrow;mynumberis536291.
Yourlettercallsupthedayswhenweworkedtogetherfifteen
yearsago.
Duetothebadweather,thesportsmeetinghasbeencalledoff.（5come短语:
31
comeabout发生,产生
comeacross偶然相遇
comealong来,随同,进展,加油
comeat…向……袭击
comeback回来,想起来,复活
comedown下来,下落,传下
comedownto…到达,从一处来到另一处
comefor…来拿,来取c
omefrom…来自,出生于
comein进来,进入
comeintobeing形成,产生
comeintouse使用起来
comeoff脱落,从……离开
comeon过来,跟我来,加油,来吧,赶快
comeon/uponsb/sth偶然遇见,偶然碰上,偶然发现
comeout露出,出来,出现,出版,发（芽,（花开
comeoverto…过来,顺便来访,从一个地方来到另一个地方
comeround/around（非正式来访,串门
cometo…来到,出现,提及,达到,共计,结果是,苏醒
cometoanend结束,终止
cometoknow逐渐地知道
cometolife（变得活泼,苏醒过来
cometolight显露,为人所知
cometooneself苏醒过来,恢复知觉
cometo/intopower当权,上台
come/gotoruin=fallintoruin变成废墟
cometotermswith…甘心忍受
cometrue变为现实,成为事实
comeup被提出,上来,走来,上升,抬头,长出来
comeuptosb朝某人走来
comeupwith…提出,想出（主意,找出（答案,赶上
Anumberofeducationalreformshavecomeaboutasaresult
ofthereport.
Icameacrossanoldfriendofmineinthestreettheotherday.
YourEnglishiscomingalongreallywell.
Comealong/on!
Don’tgiveupyet!
Comealong/on!
We’reallwaitingforyou!
Suddenly,hecameatmewithaknife.
Now,let’scomebacktowhatIwassayingamomentago.
Itisimpossibleforadeadanimaltocomeback.
SnowwascomingdownsothicklythatIcouldhardlysee
throughthewindow.
Theairplanecamedowninthatfield.
Wheredoesthefilmstarcomefrom,doyouknow?
MrSmithcameininahurry,bookinhand（=withabookinhishand.Thelawfirstcameintobeingin1912.
Bythetimehecameto/intopowerin1951,hewasalreadyseventy.
Howlongisitsincetheelectroniccomputercameintouse?
Thebuttoncameoff,buthedidn’tnoticeit.
Thereisnodoubtthatthetruthwillcomeoutoneday.
Thetreesturngreenandflowerscomeout.
Thismagazinecomesoutonceamonth.
Whydon’tyoucomearound/roundforlunch?
Somedayyou’llcometoknowthemistakesyouhavemade.
Iftheydon’tcometoadecisionbymidnight,thetalkswillbeabandoned.I’veforgottenhername,butmaybeit’llcometomelater.
Thebillcameto£480intotal.Hisdreamofbecomingafilmstarcametrueatlast.
Achildcameuptomeandshowedmetheway.
Thesameproblemscameupatthemeetingyesterday.
Theycameupwiththesameproblemsatthemeetingyesterday.Searchingthroughthedrawer,IcameupontheletterI’dbeenlookingfor.
（6cut短语:
9
cutaway切除,剪去
cutdown砍倒,砍下,削减
cutin插嘴,加塞,插入
cutinline插队
cut…intopieces/halves把……切成碎片/切成两半
cutoff切断（线路,中断（供应
cutout删除,剪下来
cutthecostof…降低……的成本
cutup切碎,剪碎,剁碎,齐根切掉
Hecutawaysomebranches,makingitlookmorebeautiful.
Alotoftreestherewerecutdowninthepast.
Theelectricitywascutoffbecauseofthestorm.
Hewassentencedtodeathandhadhisheadcutoffthenextday.
Couldyoucutthepizzaup,please?
（7do短语:
31
doabout处理,应付
doanddon’t要与不要
doagooddeed做一件好事
doalotofwalking走很多路
doatest做实验,做化验
doawordpuzzle猜字谜
doanexperiment/experiments做实验
doawaywith废除
dobody-building做健身操
dochores处理琐事,干家务
dohousework做家务活
domake-up化妆,打扮
doobservations观察
doone’sbest尽某人最大努力
doone’shomework做作业
doresearchon…从事……研究工作
dosbafavour帮某人一个忙
dosbhonor=dohonortosb礼遇某人,对某人表示敬意
dosbthefavourtodosth帮某人一个忙做某事
dosomereading读书,阅读,看点书
dosomeshopping=goshopping购物,买东西
dosports=have/playsports=takeexercise
进行体育运动,做运动,进行锻炼
dosthinturn/byturns=taketurnstodosth/indoingsth
轮流做某事
dotelephoneinterviews进行电话采访
dothelaundry洗衣服
doup打扮,梳妆,收拾,把（衣服,鞋子等扣/系好
doupone’sshoes/hair系好鞋带/梳好头
doupthebutton扣纽扣
dowell/betterin…在……方面干得好/更好
dowith处理,处臵,对付
dowrong做坏事,做错事
（比较:
doright=dotherightthing做得对:
Totellthetruth,Idon’tknowhowtodowithhim.
I’llhavenothingtodowithhimfromnowon.
Whatdidyoudowiththatcamerayoufound?
Thepoisonouswastemaydogreatharmtothethingsaroundus.
Eatmorefruit;itwilldogoodtoyou.
IthinkIcandobetterinEnglishthisyearthanlastyear.
Lisztsaid,“You’vedonewrong,butIcanseeyouaretrulysorryaboutit.”
I’mgoingtodomybestthisyear.
Iwasonlytryingtodoagooddeed.
（8get短语:
72
getabetterunderstandingofChina更好地了解中国
getafullmark/fullmarks得满分
getalotofsatisfaction得到满足
getat意指,本意是
getaround=getabout四处走动,活动
getaway移走,拿走,逃脱,逃离
getawayfrom逃脱,逃离
getback回来,回家,取回,找回,退还
getcloseto接近
getdown下来,降下
getdownonone’sknees跪下
getdownto（doingsth开始（做某事
getin进入,收获,达到
getinaword插话
getinto…进入……
getsbinto…使某人陷入
getit接（电话,应（门,理解,懂得
getoff下车,脱下（衣服等
geton上车,过活
geton/alongwith…进展,与……相处
getonone’sfeet（艰难地站立起来
getout离开,出去
getoutof逃避,避免
getover克服,恢复,原谅
getup起床,起身
getacross理解,度过
getthrough接通（电话,完成（工作,通过（考试
getto到达,抵达
gettosleep入睡,设法睡着
get/gain/takepossessionof占有,拥有,占领
getreadyfor为……做准备
（比较:
bereadyfor=bewellpreparedfor=beinpreparationfor为……做好了准备
getridof除掉,去掉
getsbtodo让某人做
gettheideafor…想到……的主意
getthemessageacross传播信息
gettogether相聚,碰头,联欢
get/beusedtosth习惯于……,适应于……
（比较:
beusedassth被用作……
beusedforsth被用于……,用来做……
beusedtodosth被用于做……
usedtodosth过去常常做
get/bedressed穿衣服
get/beengaged（tosb（与某人订婚
get/belost丢失了,迷路
get/bemarried（tosb=marry（sb（与某人结婚
get/bestuck陷进去,被困住,被难住,遇到困难
get/betiredof对……感到厌倦,对……失去兴趣
（比较:
get/betiredfor因……而感到疲倦
I’mgettingonwellwithmyclassmatesnow.
HowareyougettingalongwithyourEnglish?
Hegotthebookawayfromher.
Thebankrobbersusedastolencartogetaway.
Whendidyougetbackfromthecountryside?
Haveyougotbackthebookyoulenthim?
“Getdownonyourknees,”saidtheGenie,“forIamgoingtokillyou.”
Thedusthasgotintomyeyes.
Thismistakemaygethimintodifficulties.
BeforeIcouldgetinawordhehadmeasuredme,andwasgivingordersforeveningsuits.
Ifyouknockintosomeone,orgetintohisway,youshouldsay,
“Excuseme.”or“I’msorry.”
WhenyouareinLondon,youmightgetintouchwithafriendof
mine.
Theconductorgotoffandcheckedtherails.
Shegotonherbicycleandcycledoff.
Youworktoohard!
Youshouldgetoutabitmore.
Ifyoudon’twanttogo,IsupposeIcangetridoftheticket.
WealltrytogettogetheratleastonceayearatChristmastime.
IttookusonlyfourminutestogetthroughtheCustoms（海关.
Itelephonedhim,butIjustcouldn’tgetthroughtohim.
Shefeltsocoldthatshegotclosetohermother.
It’stimewegotdowntowork.
Thetheatrewasalreadyfull,andwecouldn’tgetin.
Thepeasantsarebusygettinginthecrops.
Wedidn’tgetupuntillunchtime.
Hegotupandwalkedovertothewindow.
（9give短语:
20
giveaway赠送,给予,背弃,泄露,分发
giveback归还,送回
givein投降,让步,屈服
giveoff释放,发出,放出（烟、光、热等
giveout用完,耗尽,分发,发放
giv
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