扎实高中英语知识基础新概念英语第三册 Lesson 16 文章词汇语法详细解析.docx
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扎实高中英语知识基础新概念英语第三册Lesson16文章词汇语法详细解析
Lesson16Maryhadalittlelamb
MaryandherhusbandDimitrilivedinthetinyvillageofPerachorainsouthernGreece.OneofMary'sprizepossessionswasalittlewhitelambwhichherhusbandhadgivenher.Shekeptittiedtoatreeinafieldduringthedayandwenttofetchiteveryevening.Oneevening,how-ever,thelambwasmissing.Theropehadbeencut,soitwasobviousthatthelambhadbeenstolen.
WhenDimitricameinfromthefields,Hiswifetoldhimwhathadhappened.Dimitriatoncesetouttofindthethief.
Heknewitwouldnotprovedifficultinsuchasmallvillage.Aftertellingseveral
ofhisfriendsaboutthetheft,Dimitrifoundoutthathisneighbour,Aleko,hadsuddenlyacquiredanewlamb.
DimitriimmediatelywenttoAleko'shouseandangrilyaccusedhimofstealingthelamb.Hetoldhimhehadbetterreturnitorhewouldcallthepolice.AlekodeniedtakingitandledDimitriintohisback-yard.Itwastruethathehadjustboughtalamb,heexplained,buthislambwasblack.Ashamedofhavingactedsorashly,DimitriapologizedtoAlekoforhavingaccusedhim.WhiletheyweretalkingitbegantorainandDimitristayedinAleko'shouseuntiltherainstopped.Whenhewentoutsidehalfanhourlater,hewasastonishedtofindthatthelittleblacklambwasalmostwhite.Itswool,whichhadbeendyedblack,hadbeenwashedcleanbytherain!
句读解析
1-1玛丽与丈夫迪米特里住在希腊南部一个叫波拉考拉的小村庄里。
MaryandherhusbandDimitrilivedin thetinyvillage ofPerachorain southernGreece.
固定搭配
小城镇 thetinyvillage
希腊南部 insouthernGreece(近义词inthesouthofGreece)
1-2玛丽最珍贵的财产之一就是丈夫送给她的一只白色小羔羊。
OneofMary's prize possessions wasalittlewhite lamb{which herhusbandhadgivenher}.
生词学习
∙
Prize adj. 珍贵的, 宝贵的
∙
Humanresourcesareourprizepossession.
The cat is prize to the old lady.
补充:
近义表达
Valuable adj.有价值的, 贵重的
valued adj.尊贵的, 尊重的, 宝贵的
--valued advice宝贵的忠告/ valued friend尊贵的朋友
Precious adj.珍贵的, 宝贵的
Cherishable adj.珍贵的(cherishvt.抚育, 爱护, 珍爱)
Dear adj.昂贵的, 亲爱的
worthwhile adj.值得做的(--workinghardisworthwhile 努力学习是值得做的)
worthy adj.值得的, 配得上的(be worthy of)
--Thechainisworthyofthewatch.
--His deeds are worthy of our praise.他的确行为陪得上我们的表扬
∙
Possession n. 所有物
∙
What I possess is valuable.=My possessions are valuable.
补充:
同根词
Belonging n.随身携带物, 附属品, 附件
地道表达
∙
lamb
∙
lamb(小羊羔;羊羔肉);goat(山羊);sheep(绵羊);mutton(羊肉)的抽象寓意。
Theoldwomanismuttondressedlikealamb. 老来俏
Heisalamb.(=docile) 他很听话。
Heisablacksheep. 害群之马。
Heisagoat. 色狼
Heoftengetsmygoat. 惹我生气。
Separatesheepfromgoats 区分好人和坏人。
1-3白天,玛丽把羔羊拴在地里的一颗树上,每天晚上把它牵回家。
She kept it tied toatreeinafieldduringtheday and wenttofetchiteveryevening.
生词学习
∙
Tie
(1)v. 拴, 系
∙
tie sthto…
I tied the dog to a tree.(拴在某处)
He is tied to his family.(于…有联系)
betiedtoawedlock结为伉俪
TwoactressestiedfortheBestActressAward. 两名女演员并列获得最佳女主角奖。
(2)n. 联系;领带;平局
tiesofblood 血缘关系
thetiesoffriendship 朋友关系
maintainclosetieswiththemasses 与群众保持密切的联系
Thematchendsinatie. 平局
句式句法
Keep+宾语+宾补 使…处于某种状态
keep后的宾语补足语可以是形容词、介词短语、分词。
--keep和过去分词搭配, 过去分词和宾语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系。
--keep和现在分词搭配, 宾语和现在分词之间是逻辑上的主谓关系。
--I keep my windows closedinwinter./Ikeepthedoglockedinthekitchen.
--I kept the boy standing outside.
1-4可是,一天晚上,那只小羔羊失踪了。
Oneevening,however,thelambwasmissing.
1-5绳子被人割断,很明显小羔羊是被人偷走了。
Theropehadbeencut,{so itwasobvious [that thelambhadbeenstolen]}.
句式句法
It is obvious that... 显而易见…
1-6迪米特里从地里回来,妻子把情况跟他一说,
{When Dimitricameinfromthefields},hiswifetoldhim{what hadhappened}.
1-7他马上出去找偷羔羊的人。
Dimitriatonce setoutto findthethief.
固定搭配
开始着手做某事 set out to do sth (setaboutdoing…)
2-1他知道在这样一个小村庄里抓住小偷并不困难。
Heknew{itwouldnotprovedifficultinsuchasmallvillage}.
2-2把失窃的事告诉几个朋友后,迪米特里发出他的邻居阿列科家突然多了一只小羔羊。
(After telling several of hisfriendsaboutthe theft),Dimitrifoundout{that hisneighbour,Aleko,hadsuddenly acquired anewlamb}.
生词学习
∙
theft n.偷盗行为,偷盗案
∙
He reports the theft to the police.
∙
aquire v. 得到obtain;学习
∙
ThegalleryacquiredanoriginalpaintingbyVanGogh.
Iseemtohaveacquiredthreecopiesofthebook.
SheacquiredalittleChinesewhileshewasinBeijing.
Hehasacquiredsomeverybadhabitsrecently.
固定搭配
告诉某人关于某事 tell sbabout sth (Hetoldthepoliceaboutthetheft.)
2-3迪米特里立刻去了阿列科家,气呼呼地指责他偷了羔羊,
DimitriimmediatelywenttoAleko'shouse and angrily accused himofstealingthelamb.
生词学习
∙
Accuse v.指控;谴责
∙
accuse sbof doing sth
Heaccusedhisneighborofstealinghisbicycle.
Hewasfalselyaccusedoffraud. 他被诬告行骗。
补充:
近义辨析
chargesbwithdoingsth
accuse 比charge语义弱:
accuse强调"严厉的指责",charge强调"控告"
2-4 告诉他最好把羊交还,否则就去叫警察。
Hetoldhimhe hadbetter returnit or hewouldcallthepolice.
句式句法
∙
had better do /had better not do最好做某事(表示劝告或者威胁)
∙
We had better have lunch.
You’dbetterkeepyourmouthshutaboutthis.
∙
Or否则… (后面引导虚拟语气,相当于一个暗含性的条件从句=if.../otherwise)
∙
Iwasillthatday,or/otherwiseIwouldhavedoneyouafavor. (此句中的or或者otherwise相当于ifIhadnotbeenill)
2-4阿列科不承认,并把迪米特里领进院子。
Aleko denied takingit and led Dimitriintohisbackyard.
生词学习
∙
deny v.否认
∙
Hedeniedallthechargesagainsthim.
Doyoudeniedthatthisisyourhandwriting?
He denied stealing the lamb.
Thereisnodenythat... 毫无疑问,很显然
Thereisnodenyingthatthisisaseriousblowtothegovernment.
(近义表达:
Thereisno blinking/sidesteppingthefactthat...)
deny sb. nothing百依百顺
He denies his wife nothing.他对他的妻子有求必应。
deny oneself克制自己
On some occasions we must deny ourselves.在某些场合我们必须克制自己
●∙∙Lead vt.vi.(led,led,leading)引导;指引
--Heledustohishome. 他把我们带到他家。
2-5不错,他的确刚买了一只羔羊,阿列科解释说,但他的羔羊是黑色的。
Itwastrue{that hehadjustboughtalamb},heexplained, but hislambwasblack.
句式句法
∙
It is true that…but... 诚然…但是… (表示让步)
∙
It is true that the work is hard,but we'll finish it ahead.
补充:
其他表示让步的表达
Whileitistruethat...
While+ 句子
Whileitistruethat...,itisalsotruethat...
Grantedthat...,but...
更多例子
Whilethiscompetitionmayinduceeffortstoexpandterritoryattheexpenseofothers,itcannotbesaidthatwar-likeconflictamongnationsisinevitable. 尽管...但是...
2-6迪米特里为自己的鲁莽而感到不好意思,向阿列科道了歉,说是错怪了他。
(Ashamed ofhavingactedsorashly),Dimitri apologized toAlekoforhavingaccusedhim.
生词学习
∙
Ashamed adj.感到羞耻,惭愧
∙
be ashamed of… 为...感到羞耻
He is ashamed of being a dustman.
Iamashamedofhavinglostmytemper.
补充:
同根词
Shameful adj.可耻的(--The theft is shameful.)
Shameless adj.无耻的(--The thief is a shameless person.
∙
Apologize v.道歉
∙
apologize to sb(for sth) (因为某事)向某人道歉
Imustapologizetoyoufornotreplyingtoyourletterintime.
补充:
同根词
apology n.道歉
句式句法
Ashamed前省略了be动词。
Ashamedof…是现在分词结构(形容词结构)做原因状语(放主句前后均可)
--Angry at everybody here,he left suddenly.
--Anxious for a quick decision,he called his friends.
--Nervous,the man opened the letter.
2-7就在他俩说话的时候,天下起了雨,迪米特里便呆在阿列科家里避雨,一直等到雨停为止。
{While theyweretalking}itbegantorain and DimitristayedinAleko'shouse{until therainstopped}.
2-8半小时后,当他从屋里出来时,他惊奇地发现小黑羔羊全身几乎都变成白色。
{When hewentoutsidehalfanhourlater},hewasastonishedtofind{that thelittleblacklambwasalmostwhite}.
2-9原来羊毛上染的黑色被雨水冲掉了!
Itswool,{which hadbeen dyed black},hadbeenwashed clean bytherain!
生词学习
∙
dye v.染(dyes-dyed-dyeing)
∙
Dye the cloth black 把这布染成黑色。
句子解析
此句中的black和clean在句子中做主语补足语。
Shepaintedherroomyellow. (yellow做宾语补足语,补充说明room的特定)
Herroomwaspaintedyellow. (yellow 做主语补足语,补充说明room的特定)