人教版高中英语选修八unit 2 cloningsection ⅰ warming upreading.docx
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人教版高中英语选修八unit2cloningsectionⅰwarmingupreading
2.1新提升·课时作业
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Thebrotherslookalike,buttheydifferwidely________eachother________theirtastes.
2.Don'tletyourselfbecast________byasmallfailureintheexperiment;tryagain.
3.Manyteachersstronglyobjectto________(smoke)atschool.
4.WhileinJapan,wepaidavisittotheschoolfounded________honourofafamouseducator.
5.—Iwonderhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices.
—Thefirsttwoarefree________thethirdcosts$30.
6.HeworkedhardbeforetheCollegeEntranceExamination,anditpaid________.Hisdreamofgoingtocollegecametrue.
7.Thehousestillneededalotofwork,but________leastthekitchenwasfinished.
8.—Ithinkheistakinganactivepartinsocialwork.
—Iagreewithyouin________way.
9.—Peopleshouldstopusingtheircarsandstartusingpublictransport.
—________(exact).Theroadsarecrowdedasitis.
10.Danbyleftwordwithmysecretary________hewouldcallagainintheafternoon.
11.Theoldmanwasinpoorhealth,sothedoctorforbadehim________(drink)wine.
12.Ifyougetupearlyandruneveryday,youwillbenefitalot________it.
答案:
1.from;in 2.down 3.smoking 4.in 5.while
6.off 7.at 8.a 9.Exactly 10.that 11.todrink 12.from
Ⅱ.完成句子
1.Whattheteachershavedone________________theirstudentsinthefuture.
老师的所为对学生的未来有重大影响。
2.Inthefrontoftheclassroom________________.
教室的前面坐着一位教授。
3.________________hewantedtobuytheexpensiveclothes;________________hedidn'thavemuchmoney.
一方面他想买这件贵衣服,另一方面他又没有很多钱。
4.Itwas________________whichroadtotake.
对我们来说,很难决定走哪条路。
5.Somepeoplewastefood________________.
一些人浪费食物,另一些人吃不饱。
答案:
1.hasagreatimpacton
2.sitsaprofessor
3.Ontheonehand;ontheotherhand
4.difficultforustodecide
5.whileothershaven'tenough
Ⅲ.单句改错
1.Customsdifferentindifferentcountries.
________________________________________________________________________
2.Threestonescasttothedogbeforeitwasdrivenout.
________________________________________________________________________
3.Thetwo-daybreakcanreleasethestudents,butontheonehand,thechildrenmaywastetoomuchtimeonTVorInternetgames.
________________________________________________________________________
4.Itcanbedifficultcloneatigerinashorttime.
________________________________________________________________________
5.Hispatiencehaspaidbackandhehaswonthematch.
________________________________________________________________________
答案:
1.第一个different→differ 2.cast前加were
3.one→other 4.clone前加to 5.back→off
Ⅳ.完形填空
Acloneisanexactcopyofaplantoranimal__1__fromanyonecell.SinceScottishscientistsreportedthattheyhad__2__tocloneasheepnamedDollyin1997,researchintocloninghasgrownrapidly.InMay1998,scientistsinMassachusettsmanagedtocreatetwoidenticalcalves(牛犊)__3__cloningtechnology.Amousehas__4__beenclonedsuccessfully,butthedebateovercloninghumansreallystartedwhenChicago__5__RichardSeedmadeasurprisingannouncement.“Wewillhavemanagedtocloneahumanbeingwithinthenexttwoyears,”hetoldtheworld.
Seed'sannouncement__6__alotofmedia'sattention.InEurope,nineteennationshavealready__7__anagreementbanninghumancloningandintheUSthePresident__8__:
“Wewillbeintroducing__9__lawtobanhumancloningandmanystatesintheUSwillhave__10__anti-cloninglawsbytheendoftheyear.”
Manyresearchersarenotsonegative__11__cloning.Theyareworriedthatlaws__12__humancloningwillthreatenimportantresearch.InMarch,theNewEnglandJournalofMedicinecalledanyplantobanresearchoncloninghumans__13__mistaken.Manyresearchersalsobelievethat__14__attemptstobanit,humancloningwillbecomeroutinebecauseitis__15__tostoptheprogressofscience.
Isthereareasontofearthatcloningwill__16__anightmareworld?
Thepublichasbeenbombarded(轰炸)withnewspaperarticles,televisionshowsandfilms,__17__cartoons.Suchinformationisoftenmisleading,andmakespeople__18__whatonearththescientistswillbedoingnext.
__19__thenextfivetotenyearsscientistswillprobablyhavefoundawayofcloninghumans.Itcouldbethat__20__soonwewillbeabletochoosethepersonthatwewantourchildtolooklike.
1.A.producesB.produce
C.producingD.produced
2.A.triedB.succeeded
C.attemptedD.managed
3.A.takingB.teaching
C.usingD.learning
4.A.tooB.either
C.alsoD.aswell
5.A.reporterB.physicist
C.writerD.artist
6.A.arousedB.rose
C.roseupD.wasraised
7.A.signedB.wrote
C.drewD.arrived
8.A.spokeB.told
C.reportedD.announced
9.A.theB.a
C.anD./
10.A.allowedB.agreed
C.passedD.approved
11.A.inB.for
C.beyondD.about
12.A.forbiddenB.permitting
C.banningD.referring
13.A.seriouslyB.personally
C.partlyD.possibly
14.A.despiteofB.though
C.althoughD.inspiteof
15.A.possibleB.impossible
C.likelyD.probably
16.A.leadtoB.stickto
C.cometoD.addupto
17.A.asmuchasB.asmanyas
C.aswellasD.asgoodas
18.A.puzzleB.worry
C.wanderD.wonder
19.A.UponB.Within
C.OutofD.At
20.A.muchB.pretty
C.tooD.more
答案与解析:
1.解析:
producedfromanyonecell“由任何单细胞产生的”,过去分词短语作定语。
aplantoranimal与produce之间存在被动关系,因此应用过去分词短语作定语。
答案:
D
2.解析:
managetodosth.“设法做成某事”;trytodosth.“努力去做某事”,但不一定成功;succeed不接todosth.;attempttodosth.“试图做某事”,但不一定成功。
而本句表示做成的一件事情,故选D项。
答案:
D
3.解析:
usingcloningtechnology“利用克隆技术”。
take“带走”;teach“教”;learn“学会”。
这三个词均不符合句意。
答案:
C
4.解析:
also表示“也”,一般放在句中系动词之后、实义动词之前;too用于肯定句的句末,either用于否定句的句末,都通常用逗号隔开;aswell用在肯定句中,放在句末。
答案:
C
5.解析:
Chicagophysicist“芝加哥物理学家”。
其余三项的人物不可能搞科研。
reporter“记者”;writer“作家”;artist“画家,艺术家”。
答案:
B
6.解析:
arousedalotofmedia'sattention“引起众多媒体的注意”。
rose是rise的过去式,表示“上升”;raised是raise的过去式,表示“抬起,引起,导致”,但此处用被动结构是错的;riseup的含义是“起义,上升”;而arouse的含义是“引起,激发”,符合句意。
答案:
A
7.解析:
signanagreement“签署一项协议”。
write的宾语不是anagreement,而是文字。
arriveatanagreement可表示“达成协议”,但D项中缺少介词at。
答案:
A
8.解析:
thePresidentannounced:
...“总统宣布……”,spoke,told和reported后都不加冒号。
答案:
D
9.解析:
...introducingalaw“推出一项法律”。
第一次提到此法律,用不定冠词。
答案:
B
10.解析:
willhavepassedanti-cloninglaws“将会通过反克隆法”。
与law搭配的是pass(通过)。
allow“允许”;agree“同意”;approve“赞成,同意”。
答案:
C
11.解析:
benegativeabout...“否定某事”。
答案:
D
12.解析:
banninghumancloning“禁止克隆人”。
虽然forbid也有“禁止”的含义,但应用forbidding,而不是forbidden。
答案:
C
13.解析:
...seriouslymistaken,从上一句中得到参考,任何禁止克隆人的法律都是严重错误的。
seriously“严重地”;personally“个人地”;partly“部分地”;possibly“可能地”。
答案:
A
14.解析:
inspiteof和despite为介词(短语),后接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式,though和although是连词,后接从句。
答案:
D
15.解析:
本段阐述了对克隆人的支持态度,itisimpossibletostoptheprogressofscience“要阻止科学的进步是不可能的”。
possible与likely均是“可能的”;probably“大概”。
答案:
B
16.解析:
leadtoanightmareworld“导致一个可怕的世界”。
stickto“坚持”,cometo“想起,复苏”,addupto“总共达”,都不与anightmareworld搭配。
答案:
A
17.解析:
只有aswellas表示“还有”的意义,后接cartoons。
asmuchas“像……一样多”,asmanyas“像……一样多”,asgoodas“像……一样好”。
答案:
C
18.解析:
wonder“想知道”,后接表示疑问意义的从句;puzzle“使迷惑”,worry“担忧”,wander“游逛”,都不接表示疑问意义的从句。
答案:
D
19.解析:
thenextfivetotenyears是时间段,只能用within,表示“在某个范围之内”。
答案:
B
20.解析:
pretty“相当地”,含有“very”之义,much一般不修饰副词,too表示“太”,暗示否定意义,more是比较级。
答案:
B
Ⅴ.阅读理解
Marketresearchhasbeendonetoseeifpeoplewouldacceptmeatfromeitherclonedanimalsortheoffspring(后代)ofclones.AstudydonebytheInternationalFoodInformationCouncilin2007askedUSrespondents(调查对象)iftheywouldbuymeat,milk,andeggsfromclonedanimals.
Oftherespondents,10%wouldbe“verylikely”,36%wouldbe“somewhatlikely”,while28%wouldbe“nottoolikely”andaquarter“notatalllikely”.Therespondentswereslightlymorefavourable(乐于接受的)whenaskedthesamequestionabouttheoffspringofclonedanimals.
IntheUS,thehormone(激素)rBSTisgiventocowstoincreasemilkproduction.IntheEUandanumberofotherplacessuchhormonetreatmentisbanned.ButevenintheUS,milkandmeatisoftenlabelled(贴标签)asrBSThormonefree.
TheUSFoodandDrugAdministration(FDA)isnotrequiringlabellingformeatfromclonedanimalsoroffspringofclonesbecauseitspositionisthatthereisnoscientificdifferencebetweenthatandnon-clonedmeat.Ithassaiditwillpermitvoluntarylabelling.
Anddespitethescientificevidenceitgave,therearestillplentyofcriticsagainstitspositiononclonedmeat.Afterthe2008guidancewaspublished,SenatorBarbaraMikulskisaid:
“TheFDAhasactedrecklesslyandIamverydisappointedintheirrushtoallowclonedfoods.Justbecausesomethingcreatedinalabdoesn'tmeanweshouldhavetoeatit.Ifwediscoveraproblemwithclonedfoodafteritisinourfoodsupplyandit'snotlabelled,theFDAwon'tbeabletorecallit.”
1.What'stheaimoftheInternationalFoodInformationCouncil'sstudy?
A.Toproveclonedfoodsaresafe.
B.Topersuadepeopletoeatclonedfoods.
C.Tofindthepossiblebadeffectsofclonedfoods.
D.Toknowpeople'sattitudestowardsclonedfoods.
2.Theunderlinedword“recklessly”inParagraph5istheclosestinmeaningto________.
A.carelesslyB.formally
C.effectivelyD.uselessly
3.AccordingtoSenatorBarbaraMikulski,________.
A.cloninganimalsisillegal
B.clonedfoodsshouldbelabelled
C.clonedfoodsshouldbeforbidden
D.clonedfoodshavehealthproblems
4.What'sthebesttitleforthepassage?
A.WhydopeopleintheUSnotliketoacceptclonedfood?
B.Differencesbetweenclonedandnon-clonedmeat
C.WhataretheattitudestowardsclonedfoodintheUS?
D.Variousresponsestoastudyonclonedfood
答案与解析:
本文讲述了在美国人们对待克隆食品的态度以及存在的种种争议。
1.解析:
细节理解题。
由第一、二段可知,InternationalFoodInformationCouncil进行这一调查和研究的目的是了解人们对克隆食品的态度。
答案:
D
2.解析:
词义猜测题。
根据下文“我很失望他们匆忙地许可了克隆食物”,可以判断前面recklessly一词应该表示“草率地;鲁莽地”之意。
答案:
A
3.解析:
推理判断题。
根据Barbara,Mikulski所说的“如果人们食用了克隆食品出了健康问题的话,如果没有标签这些食物将无法被召回”可推断他认为应该对克隆食品进行标签,因此判断B项正确。
答案:
B
4.解析:
主旨大意题。
该文主要讲述了美国人对待克隆食品的