高一英语导学案 U2M4 Grammar.docx
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高一英语导学案U2M4Grammar
高一英语导学案班级_____姓名_____
Unit2M4Grammar
Modalverbs
can/could表能力
（1）Idon’tthinkhecansolvetheproblemwithoutanyhelp.
（2）Canyouhelpmetoworkoutthismathsproblem?
oughtto/should
1.表示义务,“应该”,用于各种人称
●Youshouldrespectyourparents.
●Youshouldn’tspendmuchtimesurfingtheInternet.
2.表示推测，“想必，估计”的意思。
IfTomstartstoday,heshouldcompletetheprojectintime.
3.表示与想象的不一样“照说应该……”
●IwonderwhereMikeis.Heshouldbeherenow.
●Youshouldn’thavetoldDavidwhatMiketoldyou.
4.在表示建议,命令,要求动词后用虚拟语气。
1）.MyfriendssuggestedthatI（should）payvisittoshanghainextmonth.
2）.Thechairmandemandedthatwe（should）solvetheproblematonce.
5.表示惊讶,忧虑,惋惜等感情色彩。
●Iamreallysurprisedthatheshouldtalktohisparentsthatway.
●Roseshouldturnhimdown.
●Roseoughtto/will/mustgivemeahandwheneverIamintrouble.
haveto/must
haveto表客观需求
must表主观愿望
●Ihavetofinishtheworkbefore7o’clock.
●WemustmakeeveryefforttoprotecttheEarth.
●Youmustworkhardtoachieveyourlifegoal.
Certainty表示可能性
might/may/could/should/oughtto/will/must
●Rosemightbecomeupsetatthenews.
●Rosemaybeprettybusynow.
●Rosecouldcookmealsforherself2yearsago.
●Johnisn’theretoattendtheparty.Hemustbereviewinghisnotesforthebigexamtomorrow.
Makerequests提出要求
will;can;could;would
A:
Can/Will/Could/Wouldyoulendmesomemoney?
IthappensthatIdon’thaveanywithme.
B:
Yes,Ican/will/can/will.
Makesuggestions提出建议
Shallwe/I/He/She/Theyturnintheprojecttoday?
Shall常用于第一,三人称,表示征求对方意见。
A:
Shallhecomein?
B:
Ok.
Makeoffers提出请求
●I’llwashyoursportsjacket.
●ShallIgetaticketforyou?
●Shallwecarrythebooksforyou?
●ShallIcleantheblackboardforyou?
Giveadvice给出建议
●Youshouldnot/oughtnottospeaktohimlikethat.
●Weshouldfocusonourwork.
●Weshouldnotlaughatthosewhoaredisabled.
can/beableto
can的形式只有can;could两种
beableto的形式有am/is/areableto;was/wereableto;have/hasbeenableto等多种。
can一般指一个人的能力
beableto经过努力后而达到的一定程度
●Mybrothercanplaytabletennis.
●Mybrotherisabletodiveunderwaterfor10minutes.
shall/will
shall表达诺言;will表示决心或决定
1）Takeiteasy.Youshallbeofferedajobinthiscompany.
2）Mikewillsparenoefforttostudy.
mustn’tneedn’t
mustn’t“禁止,不许”语气强烈
needn’t“不需要,没有必要”语气较
为缓和
1）.Youmustn’tmissthespeechtobedeliveredtomorrow.It’sofgreatimportance.
2）.Youneedn’tdothatifyoudon’twantto.
3）.Mustwecleantheclassroom?
Yes,youmust./No,youneedn’t.
4）.Itisafive-minutewalkfromthestationtomyhouse.Youneedn’thavetakenataxi.
（However,youdidtakeataxi.）
考点点拨考例回顾
1.Hecanrunthe100msprintin11seconds.（P28）
[考点]can可以用来表示现在的或一般的能力。
can在此句中意为“能”,表示一般的能力。
can还可以用来表示情况或事情在理论上或一般的可能性。
[考例1]Thebiggestproblemformostplants,which_____justgetupandrunawaywhenthreatened,isthatanimalsliketoeatthem.（湖南2007）
A.shan’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t
[考例2]Someaspectsofapilot’sjob_____beboring,andpilotsoften_____workatinconvenienthours.（湖南2006）
A.can;havetoB.may;canC.haveto;mayD.oughtto;must
[考例3]MyMP4playerisn’tinmybag.Where_____Ihaveputit?
（福建2007）
A.canB.mustC.shouldD.would
2.Youmustworkhardtowinthegoldmedal.（P28）
[考点]must在此处意为“必须”。
表示现在或将来必须做某事,用mustdosth.；表示现在或将来不必做某事时,用don’thavetodosth.或don’tneedtodosth.或needn’tdosth.。
[考例1]Incrowdedplaceslikeairportsandrailwaystations,you_____takecareofyourluggage.（北京2007）
A.canB.mayC.mustD.will
[考例2]—Whatdoyouthinkwecandoforouragedparents?
—You______doanythingexcepttobewiththemandbeyourself.（重庆2007）
A.don’thavetoB.oughtn’ttoC.mustn’tD.can’t
Practice:
1. —__ I water the trees on Tuesday?
—No, you needn’t.
A. Can B. Must C. May D. Shall
2. He _____ not pay unless he is punished to pay.
A. shallB. will C. can D. would
3. I _____ such a mistake again.
A. shall never make B. may never make C. can never do D. need
4. —_____ I turn on the radio?
You’d better not. It is noisy enough in this room. A. Shall B. Must C. Need D. Do
5. Since the road is wet this morning, _____ last night.
A. it must rain B. it must have rained
C. it must be rained D. it must have been rained 6. Everyone _____ do his best to make the world safe and clean.
A. can B. may C. should D. had to
7. They _____ that far; but they stopped to have a snack on the way.
A. might be gone B. needed go C. could have gone D. ought have gone
8. You _____ get down the bus until the bus has stopped.
A. can’t B. needn’t C. mustn’t D. don’t
高考真题
1.—Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?
—“Noperson_____smokeorcarryalightedcigarette,cigarorpipeinthisarea.”（四川2007）
A.willB.mayC.shallD.must
2.—How’syourtouraroundtheNorthLake?
Isitbeautiful?
—It_____be,butitisnowheavilypolluted.（宁夏2007）
A.willB.wouldC.shouldD.must
3.Wehopethatasmanypeopleaspossible_____joinusforthepicnictomorrow.（2006全国卷II）
A.needB.mustC.shouldD.can
4.—Musthecometosignthispaperhimself?
—Yes,he_____.（广东2006）
A.needB.mustC.mayD.will
5.John,lookatthetime._____youplaythepianoatsuchalatehour?
（2005全国卷III）
A.MustB.CanC.MayD.Need
6.Tom,you_____leaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis!
（2005全国卷I）
A.wouldn’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.maynot
7.IfI_____plantodoanythingIwantedto,I’dliketogotoTibetandtravelthroughasmuchofitaspossible.（湖北2005）
A.wouldB.could
C.hadtoD.oughtto
8.—Lucydoesn’tmindlendingyouherdictionary.
—She_____.I’vealreadyborrowedone.（湖南2005）
A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t
跟踪练习
情态动词练习
1．MayIstopmycarhere?
No,you_＿＿＿.
A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.don'thaveto
2.Mustwecleanthehousenow?
No,you_______.
A.needn'tB.maynotC.mustn'tD.can't
3.John_____hisfatherabouthisfailureintheexam.
A.daresnottellB.daresnottelling
C.darenottellD.daresnottotell
4.You_____returnthebooknow.Youcankeepitnextweekifyoulike.
A.can'tB.mustn'tC.needn'tD.maynot
5.Johnny,you______playwiththeknife,youhurtyourself.
A.won't...can'tB.mustn't...may
C.shouldn't,mustD.can't...shouldn't
6.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone____getout.A.hadtoB.wouldC.couldD.wasableto
7.Wouldyougooutforawalkwithme?
No,I______.Mygirlfriendiscoming.
A.wouldn'tB.shallnotC.won'tD.shouldn't
8.Man______diewithoutwater.
A.willB.canC.needD.shall
9.Ifhestartedat90'clock,he______betherebynow.
A.needB.shallC.oughttoD.must
10.Imailedthelettertwoweeksago.She_____it.
A.mustreceiveB.can'treceiveC.mightreceiveD.musthavereceived
11.Theprofessorgaveordersthattheexperiment______before5:
30p.m.
A.befinishedB.willfinishC.mustbefinishedD.wouldbefinished
12.Therewasplentyoftime.You_____.
A.mustn'thurryB.mustn'thavehurried
C.needn'thurryD.needn'thavehurried
13.Tomwasadiligentboy.He__gotoschoolthoughitwasraininghard.
AwasabletoB.couldC.couldn'tD.wasn'tableto
14.______Igobackbeforelunch?
No,Idon'tthinkyou________.
A.Need...mustB.Do...needtoC.Must...havetoD.May....oughtto
15.Theteacherdoalltheexercises,butapupil_______.
A.needn't....mustB.maynot...must
C.needn't....needn'tD.can't....must
16.Wouldyouopenthewindowplease?
Yes,I______.
A.willB.wouldC.doD.can
17.Aliononlyattacksahumanbeingwhenitishungry.
A.shouldB.canC.willD.shall
18.____MustIfinishthisnovelthismorning?
____No,you_____.
A.mustn'tB.mightnotC.don'thavetoD.can't
19.Thetaxi____onlyholdsixpassengers.Itisfull.You___takethenextone.
A.may...mayB.can...mayC.may...canD.must...can
20.I___alittleearlier,butImetafriendofmineontheway.
A.maycomeB.mayhavecomeC.couldhavecomeD.musthavecome
21.Iwishtogohomenow,________I?
A.mayB.can'tC.mustD.do
22.Hemusthavefinishedhishomework,______he?
A.mustn'tB.didn'tC.needn'tD.hasn't
23.Thispenlookslikemine,yetitisn't.Whose____itbe?
A.mustB.canC.mayD.might
24.Hedidn'tdowellintheexam.He____hardathislessons.
A.musthaveworkedB.oughttohaveworked
C.wouldhaveworkedD.hasworked
25.Iwonderhowhe____thattotheteacher.
A.daretosayB.daresayingC.notdaresayD.daredsay
26.MrBaker,anumberofstudentswanttoseeyou._____theywaithereoroutside?
A.ShouldB.WillC.ShallD.Are
27.You___thetrees.Look,itisrainingnow.
A.mustn'thavewateredB.needn'thavewatered
C.couldhavewateredD.mighthavewatered
28.I____giveyouananswertomorrow.Ipromise!
A.mustB.willC.mayD.shall
29.Asasoldier,you____doastheheadtellsyou.
A.willB.shallC.mayD.ought
30.Thestreetsarealldry.It_____duringthenight.
A.can'thaverainedB.musthaverained
C.couldn'trainD.shouldn'thaverained
31."When_____heleavethehospital?
"Iaskedthedoctor.
A.willB.shallC.canD.may
32.Theyhavenotfinishtheworkuptonow.
____Well,they______
A.shouldhaveB.shouldC.oughttoD.oughthave
33.Sinceitisalreadymidnight,we______.
A.hadbetterleavingB.oughttohaveleave
C.shouldtakeourleaveD.mightaswellleave
34._____youbehappy!
A.MayB.CanC.MustD.Would
35.Mustwecometomorrow?
__________
A.No,youcan'tB.No,youneedn't
C.No,youmustn'tD.No,youmaynot
36.You_____missthe
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