分析《了不起盖茨比》中美国梦矛盾心理实习.docx

分析《了不起盖茨比》中美国梦矛盾心理实习.docx

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分析《了不起盖茨比》中美国梦矛盾心理实习

湖南科技大学潇湘学院

毕业设计（论文）

题目

分析《了不起的盖茨比》中

美国梦的矛盾心理

作者

丁圳

专业

教育英语

学号

0862010613

指导教师

陈意德

二0一年月日

TheReflectionofPsychologicalContradictionofAmericanDreaminTheGreatGatsby

AThesis

Submittedto

DepartmentofForeignLanguages

XiaoxiangCollege

HunanUniversityofScienceandTechnology

InPartialFulfillmentof

TheRequirementsfor

TheDegreeofBachelorofArts

By

DingZhen

UndertheSupervisionof

AssociateProf.ChenYi-de

June,2012

湖南科技大学潇湘学院

毕业设计（论文）任务书

外国语系应用英语学教研室

系（教研室）主任:

（签名）年月日

学生姓名:

丁圳学号:

0862010613专业:

英语

1设计（论文）题目及专题：

分析《了不起的盖茨比》中美国梦的矛盾心理

2学生设计（论文）时间：

自2011年12月15日开始至2012年6月20日止

3设计（论文）所用资源和参考资料：

1）Abel,Darred.1984.AmericanLiterature[M].NewYork:

ScribnerBookCompany.

2）Adams,JamesTruslow.1931.TheEpicofAmerica[M].NewYork:

LittleBrownandCompany.

3）Fitzgerald,FrancisScott.1925.TheGreatGatsby[M].NewYorkCity:

ScribnerBookCompany.

4）杨敬仁，2004，美国后现代派小说论[M].山东：

青岛出版社.

5）张帆，2009，《了不起的盖茨比》的象征意义解读[J].作家杂志,（9）:

55-56.

4设计（论文）应完成的主要内容：

本研究拟探讨小说《了不起的盖茨比》中主要人物在面对美国梦时的矛盾心理。

首先简单介绍美国梦的含义并对美国梦含义的演变进行比较详细的阐释，然后从对爱、物质和美国上流社会的态度等角度切入，以小说为依据，分析主人公盖茨比和书中其他人物对美国梦的矛盾心理。

本文旨在在于使人们从中认识到对物质的过分追求是美国梦变形扭曲的根源，通过分析，重新思考，并树立正确的，健康积极的价值观。

5提交设计（论文）形式（设计说明与图纸或论文等）及要求：

1）要求学生认真、独立完成毕业论文的写作

2）要求按照学校规定的论文格式撰写论文

3）要求及时同指导老师进行沟通，按步骤完成论文的写作和答辩工作。

6发题时间：

2011年12月20日

指导教师：

（签名）

学生：

（签名）

Acknowledgments

Iwouldliketoexpressmygratitudetoallthosewhohelpedmeduringthewritingofthisthesis.

MydeepestgratitudegoesfirsttoProfessorChenYi-de,mysupervisor,forherconstantencouragementandguidance.Shehaswalkedmethroughallthestagesofthewritingofthisthesis.Withoutherconsistentandilluminatinginstruction,thisthesiscouldnothavereacheditspresentform.

Then,Iwouldliketoexpressmyheartfeltgratitudetoallmyteachers,whosehelpandadvicehavecontributedalottomyintellectualandpersonalgrowth.Intheprocessofwritingthisthesis,Ibenefitedalotfromtheirencouragementandinstruction.

IalsooweaspecialdebtofgratitudetoalltheprofessorsinForeignLanguagesInstitute,fromwhosedevotedteachingandenlighteninglecturesIhavebenefitedalotandacademicallypreparedforthethesis.

Atlast,mythankswouldgotomybelovedfamilyfortheirlovingconsiderationsandgreatconfidenceinmeallthroughtheseyears.Ialsoowemysinceregratitudetomyfriendsandmyfellowclassmateswhogavemetheirhelpandtimeinlisteningtomeandhelpingmeworkoutmyproblemsduringthedifficultcourseofthethesis.

Abstract

AmongthemodernnovelistsofAmerica,FrancisScottFitzgeraldoncewonahighadmirationandreputation.HewasconsideredasoneofthemostinfluentialAmericanwritersintwentiethcentury.TheGreatGatsbyisthemasterpieceofFitzgeraldandhashighreputationintheworldliterature.Scholarshavestudiedthisnovelmanytimesathomeandabroad,fromdifferentperspectives.Basedonthepreviousstudies,thisthesisanalyzesthenovelfromanewperspectiveofthepsychologicalcontradictionofAmericandream.

Thisthesisdevelopsthethemefromanewperspectiveofcharacters’psychologicalcontradictionofAmericanDream.First,thethesisintroducestheauthor,hisnovelandtheevolutionofAmericanDreamandrepresentsthepsychologicalcontradictionsofthecharacters’AmericanDreamonseveralaspects.Moreover,itbrieflystatestherealisticsignificanceoftheanalysisofpsychologicalcontradictionsofAmericanDream;Atlast,itpointsouttherelatedproblemsandinfluenceinmodernsociety,whichwarnpeopletodayandguidepeopletowalkonarightwaybytheexperienceandreflection.

KeyWords:

AmericanDream;thepsychologicalcontradiction;TheGreatGatsby

中文摘要

在美国现代小说家中，弗兰西斯·菲茨杰拉德曾经赢得很高的评价和声誉。

他被认为是二十世纪最有影响力的美国作家之一。

《了不起的盖茨比》是菲茨杰拉德最优秀，最有影响力的作品之一，在世界文坛上享有很高的盛誉。

可以说，盖茨比已经成为了学者在研究美国梦时的代表人物。

多年来，评论家对这部小说进行过非常多的分析。

在前人研究的基础上，本研究对小说《了不起的盖茨比》中主要人物在面对美国梦时的矛盾心理进行了剖析。

本论文首先简单介绍了美国梦的含义并对美国梦含义的演变做了比较详细的阐释，然后从对爱、物质和美国上流社会的态度等角度切入，以小说为依据，分析主人公盖茨比和书中其他人物对美国梦的矛盾心理。

联系现今的社会现实，指出这种矛盾心理依然存在于现今社会。

本文旨在于使人们从中认识到对物质的过分追求是美国梦变形扭曲的根源，通过分析，重新思考，并树立正确的，健康积极的价值观。

关键词：

美国梦；矛盾心理；《了不起的盖茨比》

Contents

Acknowledgmentsi

Abstractii

中文摘要iii

Introduction1

І.ABriefIntroductiontoAmericanDream3

1.1TheDefinitionofAmericanDream3

1.2TheEvolutionofAmericanDream3

ІІ.ThePsychologicalContradictionBetweenMaterialismandNaivetyofGatsby’sAmericanDream7

2.1ContradictiononNaiveDreamofPureLove7

2.2ContradictiononNaiveBeliefinMaterialPower8

2.3ContradictiononNaiveRecognitionofHumanRelationship8

2.4ContradictiononAttitudetowardstheUpperClassandDaisy9

2.5ContradictiononRomanticIdealofAmericanSociety11

ІІІ.TheOtherCharacters’PsychologicalContradictionofAmericanDream13

3.1PsychologicalContradictionofTom’sAmericanDream13

3.2PsychologicalContradictionofDaisy’sAmericanDream14

3.3PsychologicalContradictionofNick’sAmericanDream14

Ⅳ.TheRealisticsignificanceoftheAnalysisofPsychologicalContradictionofAmericanDream16

4.1SignificancefortheAmericanTradition16

4.2SignificancefortheYoungGeneration17

Conclusion19

WorkCited20

Introduction

FrancisScottFitzgerald（1896-1940）wasoneofthemostoutstandingAmericannovelistsinthe1920s,whichhedubbedasthe“JazzAge”;hewasalsoaspokesmanofthe“LostGeneration”.InAmericanLiterature,itwrotethat“Americanshort-storywriterandnovelistfamousforhisdepictionsoftheJazzAge（the1920s）,hismostbrilliantnovelbeingTheGreatGatsby（1925）.HisprivatelifeinbothAmericaandFrancebecamealmostascelebratedashisnovels.”（AbelDarred1984）The“JazzAge”wasaperiodfromtheendoftheFirstWorldWartothebeginningoftheGreatDepression,whichwastheerathatTheGreatGatsbychronicled.ItwasthedecadeofthegreatestsocialchangesinAmericanhistory.ReactingperhapstoboththedisillusionmentfromtheFirstWorldWarandagainstthestrictureofVictorianculture,Americansabandonedoldideaswithvengeanceandadoptednewconceptswholesale.

Asamasterpiece,TheGreatGatsbydidnotbringFitzgeraldtheexpectedgloryinFitzgerald’sage,buttodaynearlyallcriticsregarditasagreatone.TheplotofTheGreatGatsbyisaboutayoungmanwhopursueshislovedream.Thepooryoung,Gatsby,fellinlovewitharichgirl,Daisy.Withthelackofmoney,theybrokeup.Daisymarriedarichperson,Tom.Daisydidnotliveahappylife,becauseTomdidnotloveDaisy,heoftendatedwithamarriedwoman.Ontheotherside,inordertowinhislover,Gatsbymadehisdecisiontoberich.Heearnsmoneyincludingillegalwayssothathecanrealizehisdreamquickly.HesimplythoughtthatmoneycouldmakeDaisyreturn.Daisyhasbecomehismentalsupportandenergyofhislife.Heimagedherasanideallover.Infact,Daisywasselfishandvanity.SheregardedGatsbyasatoolofrevengeandentertainmentinherlife.Atlast,Gatsbydiedofhisunrealisticdream.TherealcriminalDaisywasstilloutoflawandlivedahappylifeonabroad.Gatsby’slovedreamisoneformofAmericanDream.Hepaidtoomuchattentiontoanillusorydreamandignoredthesocialrealityandpeople’schanges.BydescribingtheruineddreamoftheprotagonistGatsbyinthenovel,Fitzgeraldrevealsreadersthesocialrealityinthe1920sclearlyandcriticizestheethicsandvaluesofpostwarAmericasharply.

Thisnovelreflectedpeople’sviewsofAmericanDreaminthe1920s.Asthefastdevelopmentofeconomy,peoplewereattractedbytherichmateriallifeandignoredtherealityandtheessenceofAmericanDream.ThisnovelwasatypicalworkonthereflectionofAmericanDream.Comparedwithpreviousstudies,theauthorofthisthesischoseanewaspecttoshowpeople’spsychologicalsideofAmericanDream.Throughthisthesis,readerscanfindthatsuchkindsofincompatibleAmericanDreamlikeGatsby’slovedreamstillexistinmodernsociety.Thisnovelisawarningtowakeuppeopleandmakepeoplethinkover.Thisisthepracticalmeaningofthisthesis.

Thisnovelisoutstandingforitsexcellentliteraturestructureandprofoundpracticalmeaningaswellasdeepmoralandpsychologicalinsights.Thisnovelattractsmanycritics,theywrotemanycriticalessaysonthediscussionandresearchonitsexplorationoftheAmericanDreamfromtheperspectiveoftraditionalliterarycriticism.Forexample,PoupardDennisisoneofthosecriticsmadeacommentonthethemeofTheGreatGatsby.Hewroteanessaynamed“ScottFitzgerald’scriticismofAmerica”（PoupardDennis1963）．AnothercriticJohnF．Callahanchecksthenovelfromtheperspectiveofsocial—history,inhisbookTheIllusionsofaNation,MythandHistoryintheNovelofScottFitzgerald（JohnCallahan1972）Ononehand,MatthewBroccoliintroduces“aMarxistapproachtothestudyofthenovelinhisFitzgeraldCritiqueofcapitalisminTheGreatGatsby．”（MatthewBroccoli2007）Ontheotherhand,therearemanycriticspayattentiontotheimportanceofNickCaraway,thenarratorinTheGreatGatsby.Throughthischaracter,Fitzgeraldcanexpressalotfromhisownexperience.HeamCharlesisonerepresentativeofthosecritics,hiscommentsonTheGreatGatsbyisaboutthisrespect.Inhismind,“withthehelpofNick,Fitzgeraldcouldexpressallheexperiencedandfeltaboutthatagenotwiththemouthofhimself,afamouswriterbutwiththenarratorfromanotherpartofhimself.Thatseemstobemorecomplete.”（HeamCharles1977）

Thethesisismadeupoffourparts.ThefirstchaptergivesabriefintroductionofdefinitionandevolutionofAmericanDrea